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An Index-Based Approach to Assess social Vulnerability for hamburg, Germany

International Journal of disaster Risk science 2023年第5期14卷 782-794页

作者： Malte von szombathely Franziska s.Hanf Janka Bareis Linda Meier Jürgen Oßenbrügge Thomas Pohl Institute for Geography Center for Earth System Research and SustainabilityUniversität Hamburg20146HamburgGermany Meteorological Institute Center for Earth System Research and SustainabilityUniversität Hamburg20146HamburgGermany Institute for Geography Universität Hamburg20146HamburgGermany Research Unit for sustainability and Climate Risks Center for Earth System Research and SustainabilityUniversität Hamburg20144HamburgGermany

In this study,we set out to develop a new social vulnerability index(sVI).In doing so,we suggest some conceptual improvements that can be made to existing methodical approaches to assessing social *** make the entanglement of socio-spatial inequalities visible,we are conducting a small-scale study on heterogeneous urban development in the city of hamburg,*** kind of high-resolution analysis was not previously available,but is increasingly requested by political decision *** can thus show hot spots of social vulnerability(sV)in hamburg,considering the effects of social welfare,education,and *** doing so,we defined sV as a contextual concept that follows the recent shift in discourse in line with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s(IPCC)concepts of risk and *** sVI consists of two subcomponents:sensitivity and coping *** areas of hamburg were identified using satellite information and merged with the social data units of the *** with high sVI are distributed over the entire city,notably in the district of Harburg and the Reiherstieg quarter in Wilhelmsburg near the Elbe,as well as in the densely populated inner city areas of Eimsbüttel and *** a map at a detailed scale,our sVI can be a useful tool to identify areas where the population is most vulnerable to climate-related *** conclude that an enhanced understanding of urban social vulnerability is a prerequisite for urban risk management and urban resilience planning.

关键词： Climate change adaptation hamburg Risk approach social vulnerability social vulnerability index

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Antigen presentation,autoantibody production,and therapeutic targets in autoimmune liver disease

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第1期18卷 92-111页

作者： Andrea Kristina Horst Kingsley Gideon Kumashie Katrin Neumann Linda diehl Gisa Tiegs Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistraBe 52D-20251 HamburgGermany hamburg Center for Translational Immunology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistraBe 52D-20251 HamburgGermany

The liver is an important immunological organ that controls systemic *** liver harbors professional and unconventional antigen-presenting cells that are crucial for tolerance induction and *** the immune response in homeostasis depends on a healthy and well-toned immunological liver microenvironment,which Is maintained by the crosstalk of liver-resident antigen-presenting cells and intrahepatic and liver-infiltrating *** response to pathogens or autoantigens,tolerance is disrupted by unknown *** parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells exhibit unique antigen-presenting *** presentation of microbial and endogenous lipid-,metabolite-and peptide-derived antigens from the gut via conventional and nonconventional mechanisms can educate intrahepatic immune cells and elicit effector responses or *** of this balance results in autoimmune liver diseases,such as autoimmune hepatitis,primary biliary cholangitis,and primary sclerosing *** the exact etiologies of these autoimmune liver diseases are unknown,it is thought that the disruption of tolerance towards self-antigens and microbial metabolites and lipids,as well as alterations in bile acid composition,may result in changes in effector cell activation and polarization and may reduce or impair protective antiinflammatory regulatory T and B cell ***,the canonical and noncanonical transmission of antigens and antigen:MHC complexes via trogocytosis or extracellular vesicles between different(non)immune cells in the liver may play a role in the induction of hepatic inflammation and ***,we summarize emerging aspects of antigen presentation,autoantibody production,and the application of novel therapeutic approaches in the characterization and treatment of autoimmune liver diseases.

关键词： liver tolerance autoimmune liver disease antigen presentating cell

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Learning synergies based in-hand manipulation with reward shaping

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2020年第3期5卷 141-149页

作者： Zhen deng Jian Wei Zhang TAMs Group InformaticsUniversity of HamburgHamburg D-22527Germany

In-hand manipulation is a fundamental ability for multi-fingered robotic hands that interact with their *** to the high dimensionality of robotic hands and intermittent contact dynamics,effectively programming a robotic hand for in-hand manipulations is still a challenging *** address this challenge,this work employs deep reinforcement learning(dRL)algorithm to learn in-hand manipulations for multi-fingered robotic hands.A reward-shaping method is proposed to assist the learning of in-hand *** synergy of robotic hand postures is analysed to build a low-dimensional hand posture *** additional rewards are designed based on both the analysis of hand synergies and its learning *** two additional rewards cooperating with an extrinsic reward are used to assist the in-hand manipulation *** value functions are trained jointly with respect to their reward *** they cooperate to optimise a control policy for in-hand *** reward shaping not only improves the exploration efficiency of the dRL algorithm but also provides a way to incorporate domain *** performance of the proposed learning method is evaluated with object rotation *** results demonstrated that the proposed learning method enables multi-fingered robotic hands to learn in-hand manipulation effectively.

关键词： manipulation policy jointly

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Assessing the impact of the maritime silk road

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and science 2017年第3期2卷 186-195页

作者： Orestis schinas Arnd Graf von Westarp HsBA Hamburg School of Business AdministrationGermanyAlter Wall 38Hamburg 20457Germany hamburg süd Willy-Brandt-Straße 59-6520457 HamburgGermay

The plans for the Maritime silk Road affect the existing liner *** purpose of this paper is to quantify using the terms of network theory the impact of these plans and to project the effects on the fleet,utilization,port throughput,and carbon *** analysis is based on publicly available information and reasonable fleet deployment *** also considers current and alternative routing schedules from shanghai to *** impact of existing and expected emission control areas(ECAs)along the port chains is also considered.

关键词： Maritime transportation One Belt One Road(OBOR) Liner shipping Environmental impact

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CFd-simulation of a circulating fluidized bed riser

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Particuology 2009年第4期7卷 283-296页

作者： Ernst-Ulrich Hartge Lars Ratschow Reiner Wischnewski Joachim Werther hamburg-University of Technology Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle TechnologyD-21071 HamburgGermany

In the current work, a model of the fluid mechanics in the riser of a circulating fluidized bed （CFB） has been implemented using computational fluid dynamics （CFd）. The model developed shall be used in future as the basis of 3d-reactor model for the simulation of large scale CFB combustors. The two-fluid model （TFM） approach is used to represent the fluid mechanics involved in the flow. The computational implementation is accomplished by the commercial software FLUENT. different closure formulations are tested on a simplified geometry. Two different turbulence formulations, namely the swirl modified RNG k-e model and the Realizable k-e model, are tested in combination with two different approaches to solid phase turbulence, namely the dispersion and per phase approach. One focus of the current work is put on the study of different drag correlations. Besides the drag correlations by syamlal et al. [syamlal, M., Rogers, W., ＆ O＇Brien, T. J. （1993）. MFIX documentation theory guide. Technical Report dOE/METC-9411004, U.s. department of Energy （dOE）. Morgantown Energy Technology Center： Morgantown, WV] and Gidaspow [Gidaspow, d. （1994）. Multiphaseflow andfluidization. New York： Academic Press] the EMMs model has been used to determine the momentum exchange between the two phases. The resulting formulation is then used to simulate a 1-m × 0.3-m cold CFB setup and is validated by experimental results [schlichtharle, P. （2000）. Fluid dynamics and mixing of solids and gas in the bottom zone of circulating fluidized beds. Unoublished doctoral dissertation, Technische Universitaet hamburg-Harburg, shaker Verlag： Aachen].

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed Two-fuid model EMMs model drag correlations

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Rodent epididymal cdNAs identified by sequence homology to human and canine counterparts

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2003年第4期5卷 277-286页

作者： Katrin Kppler-Hanno Christiane Kirchhoff IHF Institute for Hormone and Fertility Research University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf D-20251 Hamburg GermanyIHF Institute for Hormone and Fertility Research University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf D-20251 Hamburg Germany

Aim: Identification of the rodent counterparts of human and canine epididymal cdNAs HE3, HE4 and Ce8/Ly6G5C by sequence homology and analysis of their expression patterns and regulation level in the rat. Methods: 'Ele... 详细信息

stract>Aim: Identification of the rodent counterparts of human and canine epididymal cdNAs HE3, HE4 and Ce8/Ly6G5C by sequence homology and analysis of their expression patterns and regulation level in the rat. Methods: 'Electronic screening' of Expressed sequence Tag (EsT) and genomic databases, followed by RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis. Results: Rodent EsTs and genomic sequences homologous to HE3, HE4 and Ce8/Ly6G5C were identified in the public databases and the 'full-length' rat cdNAs cloned. To emphasise their homology to the human and canine genes, they were named Me3/Re3, Me4/Re4 and Re8 for mouse and rat counterparts, respectively. mRNA expression patterns were analysed in rats, including rat HEl and HE5/Cd52 counterparts as controls. Re3 and Re8 mRNAs were only found in the rat epididymis, while Re4 showed a broader tissue distribution. Within the epididymis, Re3 and Re4 mRNAs were detected in all regions; Re8, on the other hand, was restricted to the caput. during postnatal development, Re3 and control mRNAs were found from the earliest stages investigated, while Re8 mRNA was observed only from day 24 postnatum, corresponding to the onset of spermatogenesis in the prepubertal testis. Castration and testosterone supplementation of adult male rats suggested that none of the cloned mRNAs was directly androgen-regulated. Efferent duct ligation, however, showed that Re8 mRNA levels depended on testicular factors other than androgens. Conclusion: The novel rodent cdNAs can now be used to monitor epididymal gene expression more closely and to set up various regulatory and functional studies.

关键词： epididymis cdNA homology cloning HE3-, HE4- and Ce8-homologous proteins

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Liver-specific gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells is induced by liver cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第29期11卷 4497-4504页

作者： Claudia Lange Philipp Bassler Michael V. Lioznov Helge Bruns dietrich Kluth Axel R. Zander Henning C. Fiegel Center of Bone Marrow Transplantation University Hospital hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistrasse 52 D-20246 Hamburg Germany department of Pediatric surgery University Hospital hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistrasse 52 D-20246 Hamburg Germany

AIM： The origin of putative liver cells from distinct bone marrow stem cells, e.g. hematopoietic stem cells or multipotent adult progenitor cells was found in recent in vitro studies. Cell culture experiments revealed a key role of growth factors for the induction of liver-specific genes in stern cell cultures. We investigated the potential of rat mesenchymal stem cells （MsC） from bone marrow to differentiate into hepatocytic cells in vitro. Furthermore, we assessed the influence of cocultured liver cells on induction of liver-specific gene expression. METHOds： Mesenchymal stem cells were marked with green fluorescent protein （GFP） by retroviral gene transduction. Clonal marked MsC were either cultured under liver stimulating conditions using fibronectin-coated culture dishes and medium supplemented with sCF, HGF, EGF, and FGF-4 alone, or in presence of freshly isolated rat liver cells. Cells in cocultures were harvested and GFP＋ or GFP- cells were separated using fluorescence activated cell sorting. RT-PCR analysis for the stem cell marker Thyl and the hepatocytic markers CK-18, albumin, CK-19, and AFP was performed in the different cell populations. REsULTs： Under the specified culture conditions, rat MsC cocultured with liver cells expressed albumin-, CK-18, CK-19, and AFP-RNA over 3 weeks, whereas MsC cultured alone did not show liver specific gene expression, CONCLUsION： The results indicate that （1） rat MsC from bone marrow can differentiate towards hepatocytic lineage in vitro, and （2） that the microenvironment plays a decisive role for the induction of hepatic differentiation of rMsC.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Liver-specific differentiation Coculture

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Vertical changes of POC flux and indicators of early degradation of organic matter in the south China sea

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science China Earth sciences 1999年第2期42卷 120-128页

作者：陈建芳郑连福徐鲁强郑士龙 M.G.Wiesner H.K.Wong Institute of Biogeochemistry and Marine Chemistry University of Hamburg D-20146 Hamburg

Tie-series sediment trap materials at different water depths and surface sediments in northern and central south China sea (sCs) were analyzed for organic carbon, amino acids, amino sugars and carbohydrates. Results show that particulate organic carbon (POC) is mainly derived from marine plankton, only 1.4%–1.6% of primary production sinks into deep sCs water column and less than 0.22 % of primary production ultimately reaches the sediments. The ranineralization and dissolution of organic matter as well as the compositional alterations of organic matter mixtures may mainly take place in the upper few hundred meters of water column, deep carbonate (opal) lysocline zones, and interface layers between sediments and water column, rather than in mid-waters. The organic geochemical parameters such as (T aa +T sug )OC%, AA/As, Gluam/Galam, Arom. AA/non-prot. AA, AsP/b-ALA, Glu/g-ABA decrease from living marine plankton (or planktonic shells), to settling particulate matter and to sediments suggesting that they appear to be gad early degraded indicators of organic matter.

关键词： south China sea (sCs) particulate organic csrbon (POC) amino acids amino sugars carbohydrates vertical changes early degradation

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Hepatocytic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in cocultures with fetal liver cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第15期12卷 2394-2397页

作者： Claudia Lange Helge Bruns dietrich Kluth Axel R Zander Henning C Fiegel Center of Bone Marrow Transplantation University Hospital hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistrasse 52D-20246 HamburgGermany department of Pediatric surgery University Hospital hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistrasse 52D-20246 HamburgGermany department of Pediatric surgery University Hospital hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistrasse 52D-20246 Hamburg Germany

AIM： To investigate the hepatocytic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells （MsCs） in co-cultures with fetal liver cells （FLC） and the possibility to expand differentiated hepatocytic cells. METHOds： MsCs were marked with green fluorescent protein （GFP） by retroviral gene transduction. Clonal marked MsCs were either cultured under liver stimulating conditions using fibronectin-coated culture dishes and medium supplemented with stem cell factor （sCF）, hepatocyte growth factor （HGF）, epidermal growth factor （EGF）, and fibroblast growth factor 4 （FGF-4） alone, or in presence of freshly isolated FLC. Cells in co-cultures were harvested, and GFP＋ or GFP- cells were separated using fluorescence activated cell sorting. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） for the liver specific markers cytokeratin-18 （CK-18）, albumin, and alpha-fetoprotein （AFP） was performed in different cell populations. REsULTs- Under the specified culture conditions, rat MsCs co-cultured with FLC expressed albumin, CK-18, and AFP-RNA over two weeks. At wk 3, MsCs lost hepatocytic gene expression, probably due to overgrowth of the cocultured FLC. FLC also showed a stable liver specific gene expression in the co-cultures and a very high growth potential. CONCLUsION： The rat MsCs from bone marrow can differentiate hepatocytic cells in the presence of FLC in vitro and the presence of MsCs in co-cultures also prorides a beneficial environment for expansion and differentiation of FLC.

关键词： Hepatic stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells Fetal liver cells Co-culture

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Evaluation of factors influencing soluble microbial product in submerged MBR through hybrid AsM model

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2009年第2期3卷 226-235页

作者： Fangyue LI Joachim BEHRENdT Knut WICHMANN Ralf OTTERPOHL Institute of Water Resources and Water supply Hamburg University of TechnologySchwarzenbergstr.95 ED-21073 HamburgGermany department of Wastewater Management Hamburg University of TechnologyEissendorfer Strasse 42D-21073 HamburgGermany

In this study,a mathematical model was established to predict the formation of the soluble microbial product(sMP)in a submerged membrane *** developed model was calibrated under the reference *** results were in good agreement with the measured results under the reference *** calibrated model was then used in the scenario studies to evaluate the effect of three chosen operating parameters:hydraulic retention time(HRT),dissolved oxygen concentration,and sludge retention time(sRT).simulation results revealed that the sMP dominated the soluble organic substances in the *** scenario studies also revealed that the HRT can be decreased to 1 h without deteriorating the effluent quality;dissolved oxygen concentration in the reactor can be kept at 2–3 mg/L to maintain the effluent quality,reduce the content of sMP,and minimize operating costs;the optimal sRT can be controlled to 10–15 d to achieve complete nitrification process,less membrane fouling potential,and acceptable organic removal efficiency.

关键词： hybrid activated sludge model(AsM) membrane bioreactor(MBR) soluble microbial product(sMP)

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