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A Comprehensive Classification of Anomalous Circulation Patterns Responsible for Persistent Precipitation Extremes in South China

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Journal of meteorological Research 2016年第4期30卷 483-495页

作者：吴慧翟盘茂陈阳 hainan Climate center Haikou 570203 College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081

Based on observational precipitation at 63 stations in South China and NCEP NCAR reanalysis data during 1951 2010,a cluster analysis is performed to classify large-scale circulation patterns responsible for persistent precipitation extremes（PPEs） that are independent of the influence of tropical cyclones（TCs）.Conceptual schematics depicting configurations among planetary-scale systems at different levels are established for each *** PPEs free from TCs account for 38.6%of total events,and they tend to occur during April August and October,with the highest frequency observed in *** circulation patterns during June August can be mainly categorized into two types,i.e.,summer-Ⅰ type and summer-Ⅱ*** summer-Ⅰ type,the South Asian high takes the form of a zonal-belt *** axis of upstream westerly jets is *** the middle level,the westerly jets at midlatitudes extend *** the southern edge of the westerly jet,synoptic eddies steer cold air to penetrate southward;the Bay of Bengal（BOB） trough is located to the north;a shallow trough resides over coastal areas of western South China;and an intensified western Pacific subtropical high（WPSH） extends *** anomalous moisture is mainly contributed by horizontal advection via southwesterlies around 20°N and southeasterlies from the southern flange of the *** convergence maximizes in coastal regions of eastern South China,which is the very place recording extreme *** summer-Ⅱ type,the South Asian high behaves as a western-center *** BOB trough is much deeper,accompanied by a cyclone to its north;and a lower-level trough appears in northwestern parts of South *** to summer-Ⅰ type,moisture transport via southwesterlies is mostly responsible for the anomalous moisture in this *** moisture convergence zones cover Guangdong,Guangxi,and hainan,matching well with the areas of *** is these set combinations among different system

关键词： persistent precipitation extreme comprehensive classification planetary-scale system South China

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Examining asymmetric outer-core CAPE in sheared tropical cyclones based on the FNL data set

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第3期16卷 734-743页

作者： Yufan DAI Qingqing LI Lijuan WANG Hong CHEN Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of South China Sea meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of hainan Province Haikou 570203China Pacific Typhoon Research center Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of meteorological Disaster(the Ministry of Education) Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China hainan meteorological Observatory Haikou 570203China

The asymmetric distribution of convective available potential energy(CAPE)in the outer core of sheared tropical cyclones(TCs)is examined using the National centers for Environmental Prediction Final operational global analysis ***(smaller)CAPE tends to appear in the downshear(upshear)*** downshear-upshear contrast in CAPE magnitude becomes much more statistically significant in moderate-to-strong *** azimuthally asymmetric CAPE is closely associated with the near-surface equivalent potential temperature(e).Larger surface winds occur in the upshear semicircle in strongly sheared TCs,contributing to larger surface latent heat fluxes in those *** lowlevel air well fueled by the larger surface latent heat fluxes in the upshear quadrants is cyclonically advected into the downstream *** a result,larger near-surfacee and CAPE are found in the outer core in the downshear quadrants.

关键词： tropical cyclone outer core asymmetry CAPE reanalysis dataset

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Consistency correction of echo intensity data for multiple radar systems and its application in quantitative estimation of typhoon precipitation

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第1期16卷 99-108页

作者： Shuai ZHANG Jing HAN Bingke ZHAO Zhigang CHU Jie TANG Limin LIN Xiaoqin LU Jiaming YAN Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030Chin Collaborative Innovation center on Forecast and Evaluation of meteorological Disasters Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation(China Meteorological Administration)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China hainan Institute of meteorological Sciences Haikou 570203China Key Laboratory of South China Sea meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of hainan Province Haikou 570203China Fujian Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Fuzhou 350001China Fujian Key Laboratory of Granular Computing and Application Minnan Normal UniversityZhangzhou 363000China

Calibration error is one of the primary sources of bias in echo intensity measurements by ground-based radar *** errors cause data discontinuity between adjacent radars and reduce the effectiveness of the radar *** Global Precipitation Measurement Kuband Precipitation Radar(GPM KuPR)has been shown to provide stable long-term *** this study,GPM KuPR observations were converted to S-band approximations,which were then matched spatially and temporally with ground-based radar *** measurements of stratiform precipitation below the melting layer collected by the KuPR during Typhoon Ampil were compared with those of multiple radar systems in the Yangtze River Delta to determine the deviations in the echo intensity between the KuPR and the ground-based radar *** echo intensity data collected by the ground-based radar systems was corrected using the KuPR observations as reference,and the correction results were verified by comparing them with rain gauge *** was found that after the correction,the consistency of the echo intensity measurements of the multiple radar systems improved significantly,and the precipitation estimates based on the revised ground-based radar observations were closer to the rain gauge measurements.

关键词： calibration error ground-based radar reflectivity correction precipitation estimates

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SPATIO-TEMPORAL VARIATION OF SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX OVER SOUTHERN CHINA

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2016年第3期22卷 393-401页

作者：李玉梅彭玉麟简茂球曾沁 center for Monsoon and Environment Research School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China hainan meteorological Observatory Haikou 570203 China Guangdong meteorological Observatory Guangzhou 510275 China

The spatio-temporal variation of surface sensible heat flux(SHF) in southern China(SC) is studied based on the data evaluated from conventional observational meteorological *** exist prominent increasing trends in all seasonal surface sensible heat fluxes in the western SC and decreasing trends in the central-eastern part of southern *** variations of surface sensible heat flux in all seasons are dominant on interannual *** land-air temperature difference and the near-surface wind speed are two key factors for the interannual variations of SHF,but the former is more *** first two major anomalous patterns of SHF are presented as the region-wide in-phase anomalies and the east-west dipole anomalies,respectively,based on the EOF analysis results.

关键词： sensible heat flux estimation linear trend interannual variation

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Impacts of aerosol chemical compositions on optical properties in urban Beijing,China

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Particuology 2015年第1期13卷 155-164页

作者： Ping Tian Guangfu Wang Renjian Zhang Yunfei Wu Peng Yan Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Materials Modification of the Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal University Collaborative Innovation center on Forecast and Evaluation of meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Atmosphere Watch and services Meteorological Observation Center of China Meteorological Administration

The optical properties of aerosols and their chemical composition, including water-soluble ions, organic carbon （OC）, and elemental carbon （EC） in PM2.5 and PM10, were measured from 26 May to 30 June of 2012 at an urban site in Beijing. The daily average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were 103.2 and 159.6 μg/m^3, respectively. On average, the OC and EC contributed 20.1% and 4.3%, respectively, to PM2.5 and 16.3% and 3.9%, respectively, to PM10. Secondary ions （SO4^2-, NO3-, and NH4^＋） dominated the water-soluble ions and accounted for 57.9% and 62.6% of PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. The wind dependence of PM2.5, OC, SO4^2-, and NO3 implied that the pollution sources mainly came from south and southeast of Beijing during the summer. The monthly mean values of the scattering coefficient （σsc） and absorption coefficient （σab） at 525 nm were 312.9 and 28.7 Mm^-1, respectively, and the mean single-scattering albedo （ω） was 0.85. The wind dependence of σsc revealed that this value was mainly influenced by regional transport during the summer, and the relationship between aab and wind indicated that a high crab resulted from the joint effects of local emissions and regional transport. The reconstructed σsc that was derived from the revised IMPROVE equation agreed well with the observations. The contribution of different chemical species to crsc was investigated under different pollution levels, and it was found that secondary inorganic aerosols accounted for a large part of σsc during pollution episodes （35.7%）, while organic matter was the main contributor to σsc under clean conditions （33.6%）.

关键词： Urban aerosol PM2.5 Optical property Chemical composition

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Autumn Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific during 1949–2016:A Statistical Study

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Journal of meteorological Research 2020年第1期34卷 150-162页

作者： Xiuping YAO Dajun ZHAO Ying LI China meteorological Administration Training Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 National Climate center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

We used tropical cyclone(TC)best track data for 1949–2016,provided by the Shanghai Typhoon Institute,China meteorological Administration(CMA-STI),and a TC size dataset(1980–2016)derived from geostationary satellite infrared images to analyze the statistical characteristics of autumn TCs over the western North Pacific(WNP).We investigated TC genesis frequency,location,track density,intensity,outer size,and landfalling features,as well as their temporal and spatial evolution *** average,the number of autumn TCs accounted for 42.1%of the annual total,slightly less than that of summer TCs(42.7%).However,TCs classified as strong typhoons or super typhoons were more frequent in autumn than in *** most years of the 68-yr study period,there was an inverse relationship between the number of autumn TCs and that of summer *** genesis of autumn TCs was concentrated at three centers over the WNP:the first is located near(14°N,115°E)over the northeastern South China Sea and the other two are located in the vast oceanic area east of the Philippines around(14°N,135°E)and(14°N,145°E),*** terms of intensity,the eight strongest TCs during the study period all occurred in *** is revealed that autumn TCs were featured with strong typhoons and super typhoons,with the latter accounting for28.1%of the total number of autumn ***,the average 34-knot radius(R34)of autumn TCs increased with TC *** 1949 to 2016,164 autumn TCs made landfall in China,with an average annual number *** TCs were most likely to make landfall in Guangdong Province,followed by hainan Province and Taiwan Island.

关键词： western North Pacific autumn tropical cyclone statistical characteristics

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Trends of the precipitation acidity over China during 1992–2006

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第17期55卷 1800-1807页

作者： TANG Jie XU XiaoBin BA Jin WANG ShuFeng Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

The trends of the precipitation acidity from 1992 to 2006 were studied, based on the long-term acid rain observations at 74 sites in China. The results show that there was no remarkable change or extension of acid rain area (i.e., with annual mean of precipitation pHcenter of severe acid rain area in the south of the Yangtze River moved eastwards. The non-hydrogen conductivity (NHC), which is defined as the difference between the measured precipitation conductivity and the H+ conductivity calculated from measured pH, was estimated and treated as a proxy of soluble ions in precipitation. The result shows that the overall trend of the NHC before 1999 was pronounced and positive, while the trend after 2000 was inconspicuous or slightly negative. During 2000–2006, the change rate of pH was positively correlated to that of the NHC at 21 sites, implying that the increa

关键词： China acid rain precipitation acidity trend

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PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS ON THE INTENSITY AND STRUCTURE OF TYPHOON MORAKOT(2009) DURING ITS LANDING PROCESS

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2014年第1期20卷 35-44页

作者：王勇丁治英李勋沈新勇范勇 Key Laboratory of meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology WMO Regional Training center Nanjing Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology meteorological Observatory of hainan School of Language and Culture Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology

NCEP GFS(Global Forecast System)analytical data(available 4 times per day),satellite cloud image data and real-time observations of path and intensity of Typhoon Morakot are employed to investigate the variation of synoptic dynamics in its intensity and structure before and after the *** study intends to offer some hints for the forecast of intensity and structure of *** show that in the tangential direction,the averaged asymmetry amplitude of wind on the radius of a large-value center of the low-level wind can be used as an important parameter for diagnosing the intensity of ***,the maximum of the upper dry potential vorticity in Morakot’s center tends to extend downward along the intensive gradient of tangential wind situated on the inner side of a large-value center of the low-level tangential ***,the radial advection of the tangential wind determines the variation of tangential wind in conjunction with the vertical transmission of the tangential wind,the inertial centrifugal force and the Coriolis *** four items are dominant in the motion equation of tangential wind based on a cylindrical coordinate without the effects of friction and ***,the low-level convergence center of the typhoon has a tendency of shifting and developing along the intensive gradient of the tangential wind in the tangential direction.

关键词： diagnostic analysis typhoon tangential wind dry potential vorticity

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The Unprecedented Freezing Disaster in January 2008 in Southern China and Its Possible Association with the Global Warming

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 2008年第4期22卷 538-558页

作者：丁一汇王遵娅宋亚芳张锦 National Climate center China Meteorological Administration

The unprecedented disaster of low temperature and persistent rain, snow, and ice storms, causing widespread freezing in the Yangtze River Basin and southern China in January 2008, is not a local or regional event, but a part of the chain events of large-scale low temperature and snow storms in the same period in Asia. The severity and impacts of the southern China 2008 freezing disaster were the most significant among others. This disastrous event was characterized by three major features：（1） snowfall, freezing rain, and rainfall, the three forms of precipitation, coexisted with freezing rain being the dominant producer responsible for the disaster; （2） low temperature, rain and snow, and freezing rain exhibited extremely great intensity, with record-breaking measurements observed for eight meteorological variables based on the statistics made by China National Climate center and the provincial meteorological services in the Yangtze River Basin and southern China; （3） the disastrous weathers persisted for an exceptionally long time period, unrecorded before in the meteorological observation history of China. The southern China 2008 freezing disaster may be resulted from multiple different factors that superimpose on and interlink with one another at the right time and place. Among them, the La Nina situation is a climate background that provided conducive conditions for the intrusions of cold air into southern China; the persistent anomaly of the atmospheric circulation in Eurasia is the direct cause for a succession of cold air incursions into southern China; and the northward transport of warm and moist airflows from the Bay of Bengal and South China Sea finally warranted the formation of the freezing rain and snow storms and their prolonged dominance in the southern areas of China. A preliminary discussion of a possible association of this disastrous event with the global warming is presented. This event may be viewed as a short-term regional perturbation

关键词： low temperature freezing rain rain and snow storms global warming the southern China 2008 freezing disaster

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Comparison of the seasonal evolution of the South Asian high associated with two types of El Ni?o event

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2017年第2期10卷 183-190页

作者： LI Zhen-Kun GUO Dong SHI Chun-Hua SU Yu-Cheng ZHAO Li-Long CAI Jia-Xi WANG Lin-Wei Shanghai Climate center Shanghai Meteorological Service Shanghai China Key Laboratory of meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China Shanghai Public meteorological services Centre Shanghai Meteorological Service Shanghai China

EI Nino （EN） episodes can be classified based on their time of onset as spring onset EN （SPEN） events and summer onset EN （SUEN） events. To evaluate the different influences of SPEN and SUEN events on the South Asian high （SAH）, this study compared the seasonal evolution of the SAH （SESAH） associated with SPEN and SUEN events through analysis of geopotential height and zonal wind data derived from NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis-1 and sea surface temperature data obtained from the Hadley center. The main features of the SESAH during an EN event are similar to its climatological characteristics. Climatologically, the SAH forms in May, strengthens, and moves northwestward in June and July. It does not change much in August, but then it returns south and weakens during September and October. However, its lifespan is shorter and its intensity weaker during EN periods. Furthermore, there are significant differences between the SESAH during SPEN and SUEN events. During a SPEN episode, the movement of the SAH to the northwest during May and June is slower than during a SUEN event, i.e. the SPEN SAH has a shorter lifespan. In comparison with the SUEN SAH, the SPEN SAH in July and September tends more towards the Tibetan high mode rather than the Iranian high mode. The SPEN SAH in October moves southeastward faster than the SUEN SAH, which also indicates that the SAH has a shorter lifespan during a SPEN event than during a SUEN episode.

关键词： South Asian high seasonalevolution El Nino El Nino onset El Nino types

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