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Oils with different degree of saturation:effects on ileal digestibility of fat and corresponding additivity and bacterial community in growing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1657-1668页

作者： Lu Wang Yifan Chen Yuansen Yang Nuo Xiao Changhua Lai State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry CentreChina Agricultural UniversityNo.2 Yuanmingyuan West RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100193China College of Animal Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityHebei 071000China

Background Oils are important sources of energy in pig *** combination of oils with different degree of saturation contributes to improve the utilization efficiency of the mixed oils and may reduce the cost of oil *** experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of oils with different degree of saturation on the fat digestibility and corresponding additivity and bacterial community in growing *** Eighteen crossbred(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)barrows(initial body weight:29.3±2.8 kg)were surgically fitted with a T-cannula in the distal *** experimental diets included a fat-free basal diet and 5 oil-added *** 5 oil-added diets were formulated by adding 6%oil with different ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids(U:S)to the basal *** 5 oils were palm oil(U:S=1.2),canola oil(U:S=12.0),and palm oil and canola oil were mixed in different proportions to prepare a combination of U:S of 2.5,3.5 and 4.5,*** The apparent and standardized ileal digestibility(AID and SID)of fat and fatty acids increased linearly(P<0.05)as the U:S of dietary oils increased except for SID of fat and C18:*** AID and SID of fat and fatty acids differed among the dietary treatments(P<0.05)except for SID of unsaturated fatty acids(UFA)and C18:*** one-slope broken-line analyses for the SID of fat,saturated fatty acids(SFA)and UFA indicated that the breakpoint for U:S of oil was 4.14(R^(2)=0.89,P<0.01),2.91(R^(2)=0.98,P<0.01)and 3.84(R^(2)=0.85,P<0.01),*** determined SID of fat,C18:1,C18:2 and UFA in the mixtures was not different from the calculated SID of fat,C18:1,C18:2 and ***,the determined SID of C16:0,C18:0 and SFA in the mixtures were greater than the calculated SID values(P<0.05).The abundance of Romboutsia and Turicibacter in pigs fed diet containing palm oil was greater than that in rapeseed oil treatment group,and the two bacteria were negatively correlated with SID of C16:0,C18:0 and SFA(P<0.05).

关键词： Additivity Bacterial community Fat and fatty acids Growing pigs Ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids Standardized ileal digestibility

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What makes residents participate in the rural toilet revolution?

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 23-25页

作者： Yong Li Shikun Cheng Xingyu Chen Mingjun Gao Cong Chen Elisabeth-Maria Huba Zifu Li John Crittenden Tianxin Li School of Energy and Environmental Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial PollutantsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingXueyuan Road No.30Haidian DistrictBeijing100083PR China School of Economics and Management University of Science and Technology BeijingXueyuan Road No.30Haidian DistrictBeijing100083PR China German Toilet Organization Paulsenstr.2312163BerlinGermany Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta30332GAUnited States

Recent data reveals a staggering reality:as of 2020,approximately 3.6 billion individuals across the globe remain devoid of proper sanitation services[1].Worldwide governmental and nongovernmental organisations are dedicatedly engaged in the arduous task of ameliorating living standards by providing secure sanitation ***,a recurring challenge persists,with these initiatives frequently encountering setbacks,especially in rural areas.

关键词： services governmental rural

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Unidirectional transport of both wettable and nonwettable liquids on an asymmetrically concave structured surface

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Fundamental Research 2024年第3期4卷 557-562页

作者： Zhongxue Tang Kang Luan Bojie Xu Huan Liu Research Institute for Frontier Science School of PhysicsBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of ChemistryBeihang UniversityHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China

Unidirectional liquid transport(UDLT)has been widely used in various fields as an important process for transferring both mass and ***,UDLT driven by a structural gradient has been witnessed for a long time only in wettable *** nonwettable liquids,UDLT can hardly proceed merely by a structural ***,we propose an asymmetrically concave structured surface(AMC-surface),featuring tip-to-base periodically arranged pyramid-shaped concave structures with a certain degree of overlap,which enables the UDLT of both wettable and nonwettable *** wettable liquids,the capillary force along each corner leads to the UDLT pointing toward the base side of the concave pyramid,while for nonwettable liquids,the UDLT is attributable to the static liquid pressure overwhelming the repulsive Laplace pressure induced by the asymmetric grooves and overlapping *** a result,both wettable and nonwettable liquids transport spontaneously and unidirectionally on the AMC-surface with no energy ***,the concave structure endows good mechanical stability and can be easily prepared using a facile nail-punching approach over a large *** also demonstrated its application in a continuous chemical reaction in a confined *** envision that the unique UDLT behavior on the as-developed AMC-surface will shed new light on the programmable manipulation of various liquids.

关键词： Unidirectional liquidtransport Asymmetrically concave structure Capillary force Laplace pressure Wettability

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Interaction between ozone and paternal smoking on fetal congenital heart defects among pregnant women at high risk a multicenter maternal-fetal medicine study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 621-632页

作者： Huan Wang Yan-Ping Ruan Sheng Ma Ya-Qi Wang Xiao-Yu Wan Yi-Hua He Jing Li Zhi-Yong Zou Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public HealthNational Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive HealthPeking UniversityNo.38 Xueyuan RdHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China Echocardiography Medical Center Beijing Anzhen Hospital.Capital Medical UniversityMaternal-Fetal Medicine center in Fetal Heart DiseaseBeijing Anzhen HospitalNo.2 Anzhen RdChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100029China

Background Evidence remains limited on the association between maternal ozone(O,)exposure and congenital heart defects(CHDs)in offspring,and few studies have investigated the interaction and modification of paternal smoking on this *** Using a sample including pregnant women at high risk of fetal CHD(with metabolic disease,first-trimester viral infection,family history of CHD,etc.)from a maternal-fetal medicine study covering 1313 referral hospitals in China during 2013-2021,we examined the associations between maternal O_(3)exposure during 3-8 weeks of gestational age and fetal CHD in offspring and investigated the interaction and modification of paternal smoking on this *** was diagnosed by fetal echocardiograms,maximum daily 8-hour average O,exposure data at a 10 km×10 km spatial resolution came from the Tracking Air Pollution in China dataset,and paternal smoking was collected using *** regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results Among 27,834 pregnant women at high risk of fetal CHD,17.4%of fetuses were diagnosed with *** 10μg/m^(3)increase in maternal O_(3)exposure was associated with a 17%increased risk of CHD in offspring(OR=1.17,95%CI=1.14-1.20).Compared with paternal nonsmoking and maternal low O_(3)exposure,the ORs(95%CI)of CHD for smoking and low O_(3)exposure,nonsmoking and high O_(3)exposure,and smoking and high O_(3)exposure were 1.25(1.08-1.45),1.81(1.56-2.08),and 2.23(1.84-2.71),*** smoking cessation seemingly mitigated the increased risk of *** Maternal O_(3)exposure and paternal smoking were interactively associated with an increased risk of fetal CHD in offspring,which calls for effective measures to decrease maternal exposure to O_(3)pollution and secondhand smoke for CHDprevention.

关键词： Congenital heart defects Fetal heart development Ozone exposure Tobacco smoking

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Silica Nanoparticle Exposure Caused Brain Lesion and Underlying Toxicological Mechanism:Route-Dependent Bio-Corona Formation and GSK3βPhosphorylation Status

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Environment & Health 2024年第2期2卷 76-84页

作者： Wei Wei Bingwei Yang Xiangyu Zhu Xuting Liu Erqun Song Yang Song State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesHaidian DistrictBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing(Southwest University) Ministry of EducationCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityBeibei DistrictChongqing 400715China

When nanoparticles(NPs)enter a physiological environment,they tend to adsorb proteins to form a so-called corona.A comprehensive understanding of the effect of protein corona on NPs’toxicity is *** previous study indicated that silica nanoparticles(SiO_(2)NPs)exposure with different routes resulted in distinct brain damage;however,an exact molecular mechanism of protein corona on the regulation of SiO_(2)NPsinduced damages needs further ***_(2)NPs exposure via intravenous injection may encounter a protein-rich bio-matrix,which drives the adsorption of serum protein on their surface to form a stable SiO_(2)NPs@serum *** the contrary,SiO_(2)NPs exposure via intranasal instillation remained their original feature,due to a protein infertile environment of cerebrospinal ***,surface adsorption of proteinaceous substances altered inherent toxic behavior of SiO_(2)*** addition,glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta(GSK3β)phosphorylate was found at different residues,which play an essential role in orchestrating apoptosis and autophagy ***-dependent corona formation determined GSK3βphosphorylation status and ultimately the toxic behavior of SiO_(2)*** work presented the evidence of biocorona on the regulation of SiO_(2)NPs-induced toxicity,which can be used to guide risk assessment of environmental NPs.

关键词： silica nanoparticle brain damage bio-corona serum GSK3β

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Engineering vascularized organotypic tissues via module assembly

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 155-175页

作者： Zhenzhen Zhou Changru Liu Yuting Guo Yuan Pang Wei Sun Biomanufacturing Center Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityHaidian DistrictBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing Beijing 100084People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States of America

Adequate vascularization is a critical determinant for the successful construction and clinical implementation of complex organotypic tissue models. Currently, low cell and vessel density and insufficient vascular maturation make vascularized organotypic tissue construction difficult,greatly limiting its use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. To address these limitations, recent studies have adopted pre-vascularized microtissue assembly for the rapid generation of functional tissue analogs with dense vascular networks and high cell density. In this article, we summarize the development of module assembly-based vascularized organotypic tissue construction and its application in tissue repair and regeneration, organ-scale tissue biomanufacturing, as well as advanced tissue modeling.

关键词： vascularized organotypic tissue module assembly regenerative medicine tissue engineering

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Discovering the ultralow thermal conductive A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)-type high-entropy oxides through the hybrid knowle dge-assiste d data-driven machine learning

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 131-142页

作者： Ying Zhang Ke Ren William Yi Wang Xingyu Gao Ruihao Yuan Jun Wang Yiguang Wang Haifeng Song Xiubing Liang Jinshan Li State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Innovation Center NPU ChongqingChongqing 401135China Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyHaidian DistrictBeijing 100081China Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsBeijing 100088China Defense Innovation Institute Academy of Military Sciences of the PLA of ChinaBeijing 100071China

Lattice engineering and distortion have been considered one kind of effective strategies for discovering advanced *** instinct chemical flexibility of high-entropy oxides(HEOs)motivates/accelerates to tailor the target properties through phase transformations and lattice ***,a hybrid knowledge-assisted data-driven machine learning(ML)strategy is utilized to discover the A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)-type HEOs with low thermal conductivity(κ)through 17 rare-earth(RE=Sc,Y,La-Lu)solutes optimized A-site.A designing routine integrating the ML and high throughput first principles has been proposed to predict the key physical parameter(KPPs)correlated to the targetedκof advanced *** the smart-designed 6188(5RE_(0.2))_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)HEOs,the best candidates are addressed and validated by the princi-ples of severe lattice distortion and local phase transformation,which effectively reduceκby the strong multi-phonon scattering and weak interatomic ***,(Sc_(0.2)Y_(0.2)La_(0.2)Ce_(0.2)Pr_(0.2))_(2)Zr_(2)O_(7)with predictedκbelow 1.59 Wm^(−1)K^(−1)is selected to be verified,which matches well with the ex-perimentalκ=1.69 Wm^(−1)K^(−1)at 300 K and could be further decreased to 0.14 Wm^(−1)K^(−1)at 1473 ***,the coupling effects of lattice vibrations and charges on heat transfer are revealed by the cross-validations of various models,indicating that the weak bonds with low electronegativity and few bond-ing charge density and the lattice distortion(r∗)identified by cation radius ratio(r A/r B)should be the KPPs to decreaseκ*** work supports an intelligent designing strategy with limited atomic and electronic KPPs to accelerate the development of advanced multi-component HEOs with proper-ties/performance at multi-scales.

关键词： High-entropy oxides Thermal conductivity Pyrochlore Key physical parameter First-Principles

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Highly Thermally Conductive and Structurally Ultra‑Stable Graphitic Films with Seamless Heterointerfaces for Extreme Thermal Management

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 383-397页

作者： Peijuan Zhang Yuanyuan Hao Hang Shi Jiahao Lu Yingjun Liu Xin Ming Ya Wang Wenzhang Fang Yuxing Xia Yance Chen Peng Li Ziqiu Wang Qingyun Su Weidong Lv Ji Zhou Ying Zhang Haiwen Lai Weiwei Gao Zhen Xu Chao Gao MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan 030032People’s Republic of China Beijing Spacecrafts Manufacturing Co. LtdBeijing Friendship Road 104Haidian DistrictBeijing 100094People’s Republic of China Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics and Electricity Beijing Friendship Road 104Haidian DistrictBeijing 100094People’s Republic of China China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics Beijing 100074People’s Republic of China Hangzhou Gaoxi Technol Co. LtdHangzhou 311113People’s Republic of China International Research Center for X Polymers International CampusZhejiang UniversityHaining 314400People’s Republic of China

Highly thermally conductive graphitic film(GF)materials have become a competitive solution for the thermal management of high-power electronic ***,their catastrophic structural failure under extreme alternating thermal/cold shock poses a significant challenge to reliability and ***,we present the first investigation into the structural failure mechanism of GF during cyclic liquid nitrogen shocks(LNS),which reveals a bubbling process characterized by“permeation-diffusion-deformation”*** overcome this long-standing structural weakness,a novel metal-nanoarmor strategy is proposed to construct a Cu-modified graphitic film(GF@Cu)with seamless *** well-designed interface ensures superior structural stability for GF@Cu after hundreds of LNS cycles from 77 to 300 ***,GF@Cu maintains high thermal conductivity up to 1088 W m^(−1)K^(−1)with degradation of less than 5%even after 150 LNS cycles,superior to that of pure GF(50%degradation).Our work not only offers an opportunity to improve the robustness of graphitic films by the rational structural design but also facilitates the applications of thermally conductive carbon-based materials for future extreme thermal management in complex aerospace electronics.

关键词： Highly thermally conductive Structurally ultra-stable Graphitic film Extreme thermal management Liquid nitrogen bubbling

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Predictive factors of tinnitus after vestibular schwannoma surgery: a case-control study

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中华神经外科杂志(英文) 2024年第02期10卷 75-82页

作者： You Na Zhang Jiashu Zhang Ding Zhao Yue Zhang Jun Xu Bainan Medical School of Chinese PLA Beijing China Department of Neurosurgery First Medical Center Chinese PLA General Hospital Fuxing Road Haidian District Beijing China

Background Tinnitus is very common in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS). We analyzed the related factors of tinnitus after *** One hundred seventy-three patients diagnosed with unilateral VS operated via the retrosigmoid approach were included in the study. All patients underwent relevant examinations and completed the THI scale before surgery and 6 months after surgery. The prognosis of tinnitus was evaluated according to the changes in *** Of the 129 preoperative tinnitus patients, postoperative tinnitus resolved in 12.4%, improved in 29.5%, remained unchanged in 28.6%, and worsened in 29.5%. 18.2% of 44 patients without preoperative tinnitus appeared new-onset tinnitus postoperatively. Thirty-six patients never had tinnitus. Patients with smaller tumor sizes (≤ 3 cm) were more likely to experience preoperative tinnitus. Younger patients and those with serviceable hearing preoperatively were more likely to report their tinnitus unchanged or worsened. A new onset of postoperative tinnitus in the preoperative non-tinnitus group was found in better preoperative hearing *** In this study, 70% of patients had persistent tinnitus after vestibular schwannoma resection. The prognosis of tinnitus was influenced by age and preoperative hearing function. Tinnitus is a bothersome symptom and is often underestimated by doctors. Assessment of tinnitus is mandatory during the management of vestibular schwannoma.

关键词： Vestibular schwannoma Tinnitus Acoustic neuroma Tinnitus Handicap Inventory

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Improving hydrogen storage thermodynamics and kinetics of Ce-Mg-Ni-based alloy by mechanical milling with TiF_(3)

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1593-1607页

作者： Hongwei Shang Wei Zhang Xin Wei Yaqin Li Zeming Yuan Jun Li Yanghuan Zhang School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239000China Department of Functional Material Research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteNo.76 Xueyuannan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan-Obo Multi-Metal Resources Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014010China China Rare Earth New Material(Weishan)Co. Ltd.Jining 277600China

Mg-based hydrides are too stable and the kinetics of hydrogen absorption and desorption is not *** efficient way to improve these shortcomings is to employ reactive ball milling to synthesize the nanocomposite materials of Mg and *** this experiment,TiF_(3)was selected as an additive,and the mechanical milling method was employed to prepare the experimental *** alloys used in this experiment were the as-cast Ce_(5)Mg_(85)Ni_(10),as-milled Ce_(5)Mg_(85)Ni_(10)and Ce_(5)Mg_(85)Ni_(10)+3 wt.%*** phase transformation,structural evolution,isothermal and non-isothermal hydrogenation and dehydrogenation performances of the alloys were inspected by XRD,SEM,TEM,Sievert apparatus,DSC and *** revealed that nanocrystalline appeared in the as-milled *** with the as-cast alloy,ball milling made the particle dimension and grain size decrease dramatically and the defect density increase *** addition of TiF_(3)made the surface of ball milling alloy particles markedly coarser and more *** milling and adding TiF_(3)distinctly improved the activation and kinetics of the ***,ball milling along with TiF_(3)can decrease the onset dehydrogenation temperature of Mg-based hydrides and slightly ameliorate their thermodynamics.

关键词： Mg-based hydrides TiF_(3) Ball milling Thermodynamics Kinetics

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