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Use of evergreen and deciduous plants by nocturnal-roosting birds:A case study in Beijing

Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 211-218页

作者： Yexi Zhao Jiayu Zhang Zihan Li Qinmijia Xie Xin Deng Chenxi Zhang Nan Wang School of Ecology and Nature conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

With continually increasing urbanization,the land cover in urban areas continues to change,resulting in the loss of *** are highly sensitive to changes in *** forest birds perch on plants that provide increased safety to reduce the risk of predation,and small birds may also consider insulation when using roosting plants in winter because of cold *** plants thus shape the nocturnal roosting environment of urban birds,and proper planting is essential for the survival of birds at *** use of roosting plants by urban birds should therefore be studied to provide a reference for *** the current study,we observed 1865 nocturnal roosting birds in Beijing from 2021 to 2022,with 23 species of birds from 12 families and 45 species of plants from 22 families *** chinensis exhibited the highest bird rarity-weighted richness,followed by Fraxinus pennsylvanica,Phyllostachys propinqua,Pinus tabuliformis,and Ulmus *** diameter at breast height,tree height,and crown width of plants used by birds was largest in summer and smallest in winter,and the perch height of birds was the highest in spring and summer and the lowest in *** used the highest proportion of deciduous plants in summer and the highest proportion of evergreen plants in winter.A significant seasonal difference in the use of evergreen and deciduous plants by small birds was noted,with a preference for deciduous plants in summer and evergreen plants in winter,while this preference was not found in large *** findings indicate that evergreen plants provide a vital nocturnal roosting environment for small birds in *** provide a better nocturnal roosting habitat for urban birds,we recommend paying attention to the combination of evergreen and deciduous plants when carrying out landscape construction.

关键词： Nocturnal roosting Roosting plant Seasonal variation Urban bird

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Infanticide in golden snub-nosed monkeys with multilevel society

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 273-275页

作者： Wei Li Shixuan Dong Fei Niu Nianlong Li Ziyi Su Chengliang Wang Kang Huang Haitao Zhao Ruliang Pan Pei Zhang Baoguo Li Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal conservation College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710069China Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal conservation Shaanxi Institute of ZoologyXi'an 710032China School of Anatomy Physiology and Human BiologyThe University of Western AustraliaWestern Australia 6907Australia International Centre of Biodiversity and Primate conservation Dali UniversityDali 671003China division of ExpressiveTherapies.Lesley University.Cambridae.MA02138.USA

Infanticide,killing unweaned offspring in conspecifics,occurs widely among mammals,such as rodents,ungulates,and carnivores,especially in primates(Lukas and Huchard 2014).Such scenarios are often triggered by intruders that have replaced the former dominant males in nonhuman primates(Borries 1997).It has widely been viewed that infanticide is one of the solutions of sexually driven evolutionary selection:males kill infants to end lactational amenorrhea of the victim's mothers,forcing them to return to estrus and providing infanticidal males with the opportunities to sire their new offspring(Hrdy 1979).There is a broad spectrum regarding the patterns and mechanisms causing such events,referring to alternative breeding behaviors and mating systems-monogamy,polyandry,polygyny,and promiscuity(Qi et al.2020).

关键词： primates breeding mother

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Selective extinction and habitat nestedness are the main drivers of lizard nestedness in the Zhoushan Archipelago

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 244-252页

作者： Minchu Zhang Chaonan Tang Qing Zhang Chengxiu Zhan Chuanwu Chen Yanping Wang Laboratory of Island Biogeography and conservation Biology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

Nested subset pattern(nestedness)is an important part of the theoretical framework of island biogeography and community ***,most previous studies often used nestedness metrics or randomization algorithms that are vulnerable to type I *** this study,we inves-tigated the nestedness of lizard assemblages on 37 islands in the Zhoushan Archipelago,*** used the line-transect method to survey species occurrence,abundance,and habitat types of lizards on 37 islands during 2 breeding seasons in 2021 and *** applied the nested metric WNODF and the conservative rc null model to control for type I error and quantify the significance of *** rank cor relations were used to evaluate the role of 4 habitat variables(island area,2 isolation indices,and habitat diversity)and 4 ecological traits(body size,geographic range size,clutch size,and minimum area requirement)in generating *** results of WNODF analyses showed that lizard assemblages were significantly *** habitat-by-site matrix estimated by the program NODF was also significantly nested,support-ing the habitat nestedness *** nestedness of lizard assemblages were significantly correlated with island area,habitat *** size,and minimum area ***,our results suggest that selective extinction and habitat nestedness were the main drivers of lizard nestedness in our *** contrast,the nestedness of lizard assemblages was not due to passive sampling or selective *** maximize the number of species preserved,our results indicate that we should protect both large islands with diverse habitats and species with largearea requirement and clutch size.

关键词： clutch size habitat nestedness lizards minimum area requirement nestedness selective extinction WNODF Zhoushan Archipelago.

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Competitive interactions and coexistence of sympatric flagship carnivores in Asia

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 183-199页

作者： Zhilin LI Jiayu LU Xiaoyi SHI Li’an DUO James L.D.SMITH Tianming WANG Tianjin Key Laboratory of conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity College of Life SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina Department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for conservation Ecology of Northeast Tiger and Leopard BeijingChina

Understanding the competition and coexistence of flagship carnivores is key to creating strategies for their conservation in the face of global carnivore *** studies exploring the dynamics and competition between tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(***)span decades,there is a lack of understanding regarding the factors that influence their coexistence mechanisms on a broad scale,as well as the drivers determining their exploitative and interference *** gathered a comprehensive list of research papers among which 36 papers explored the interspecific interactions between tigers and leopards and tested the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the coexistence mechanisms along three dimensions using multiple response variables regression models;we also tested the influence of ecological drivers determining the exploitative or interference competition between tigers and *** and ungulate density were the most important predictors in regulating the coexistence *** and leopards exhibited more positive relations/higher overlaps as elevation increased in the spatial *** addition,they showed a higher dietary overlap in the prey-rich *** determined that interference competition between tigers and leopards was less frequently observed in habitats with dense tree cover and homogeneous vegetation ***,studies with multiple metrics would promote the detection of interference *** study provides new insight into the competitive interactions and coexistence mechanisms of tigers and leopards on a broad ***-makers and managers should pay more attention to the factors of elevation,prey abundance,and habitat structures for the conservation of tigers and leopards.

关键词： carnivores coexistence mechanisms competitive interactions exploitative competition interference competition

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Assessment of the Characteristics of Demersal Fish Communities Using Species-and Trait-Based Approaches in the Coastal habitats Along Rongcheng Bay,Shandong Peninsula,China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 786-796页

作者： YUAN Shunjie SUN Xin TU Zhong SUN Jie WANG Xianning ZHANG Peidong Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266003China Shandong Fisheries Development and Resource conservation Center Yantai 264003China

Biodiversity declines have motivated many studies on the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem *** this study,we described the spatial-temporal characteristics of demersal fish communities along a coastal habitat in Rongcheng Bay,Shandong Peninsula,China with both species-based and biological trait-based *** field survey was carried out monthly using traps from April to October of 2018,and divided into three seasons(spring:April and May;summer:June,July and August;autumn:September,October and November).The study area included five distinct habitats:seagrass bed,natural rocky reef,bare sand,artificial reef together with natural rocky reef,and artificial reef together with bare *** analyzed the fish communities with three taxonomic diversity indices,including Shannon-Wiener,Simpson,and Pielou Evenness,as well as four functional diversity indices,including FRic,FEve,FDiv,and FDis,based on 7 functional groups which are categorized into 27 *** results showed that there were no significant differences in taxonomic diversity indices among different habitats in the three ***,significant differences were found in the functional richness of fish communities among different habitats in three *** bed represented the highest functional richness in spring and *** study demonstrates that seagrass bed is very important in enhancing the functional diversity of fish communities in a complex *** study also indicates that the combination of taxonomic diversity and functional diversity will provide a more detailed description of the characteristics of fish communities.

关键词： complex habitat biological traits biodiversity fish communities

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habitat preferences and nest site selection by sympatric populations of Middle Spotted Woodpecker(Dendrocoptes medius) and Syrian Woodpecker(Dendrocopos syriacus) in natural mountain forests of Southwest Iran

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 81-90页

作者： Arya Shafaeipour Jerzy Michalczuk Behzad Fathinia Department of Biology Yasouj UniversityYasujIran Department of Nature conservation and Landscape Ecology University of RzeszowZelwerowicza 435-601RzeszowPoland

We examined habitat preferences and nesting requirements of sympatric populations of Middle Spotted Woodpecker(Dendrocoptes medius) and Syrian Woodpecker(Dendrocopos syriacus).We carried out our study in 2015–2018 in natural mountain forests of Southwest *** compared selected features of nesting,territory,and outside territory tree stands of the studied *** Middle Spotted Woodpecker occupied only oak forests,but the Syrian Woodpecker inhabited heterogenic forests that included the preferred tree of this species,the Mount Atlas *** recorded that in the breeding territories of the Middle Spotted Woodpecker,a greater area covered by tree crowns,as well as a larger number of trees,and a larger trunk basal area were observed in comparison to the territories occupied by the more plastic Syrian *** habitat preferences demonstrated by both species could be a result of the selection of tree stands that provide the necessary food resources for each woodpecker *** of Syrian Woodpecker to use heterogenic forest stands including tree species that produce fruits and as Mount Atlas Mastic trees,which likely allowed this species to colonise in Asia and Europe non-forest tree stands as orchards or *** results showed that poor tree condition and large tree trunk dimensions had a positive impact on the selection of nesting sites by both *** presence of trees with large trunk dimensions was associated with multiple years of use of woodpecker breeding sites in the studied *** habitats in suitable condition for both studied woodpeckers can be achieved by preserving natural forests in the mountain regions of Iran.

关键词： habitat conservation Nesting requirements Primary cavity nesters Species co-occurrence

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Stochastic processes shape the functional and phylogenetic structure of bird assemblages at the mine area in southwest China

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 204-213页

作者： Shilong Liu Tianlong Zhou Xiaocai Tan Wambura M.Mtemi Aiwu Jiang Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNo.100 East University RoadXixiangtang DistrictNanning 530004China

Understanding the mechanisms of community assembly is a key question in *** pollution may result in significant changes in bird community structure and diversity,with implications for ecosystem processes and ***,the relative importance of these pro-cesses in shaping the bird community at the polluted area is still not ***,we explored bird species richness,functional,and phylogenetic diversity,and the assembly processes of community at the mine region of southwest *** results showed that the 3 dimensions of diversity at the mine area were lower than that at the reference *** the community assembly,the result was Ohabitat niche breadth(Bcom),and we found that there was no difference in Bcom-value between the mine area and reference *** indicates that the bird communities at the mine area and 3 reference sites were not subjected to extreme environmental selection(same or different resource allocation)to form a highly specialized *** findings provide insights into the distribution patterns and dominant ecological processes of bird communities under metal exposure,and extend the knowledge in community assembly mechanisms of bird communities living in the mine area.

关键词： clustering community assembly functional diversity mine area phylogenetic diversity stochastic process.

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The Variation of Plankton Community Structure in Artificial Reef Area and Adjacent Waters in Haizhou Bay

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 264-276页

作者： GAO Shike SHI Yixi LU Yanan ZHANG Shuo College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Joint Laboratory for Monitoring and conservation of Aquatic Living Resources in the Yangtze Estuary Shanghai 200000China

Plankton are an important component of marine protected areas(MPAs),and its communities would require much smaller interpatch distances to ensure connection among *** to the survey from MPAs dominated by artificial reefs and adjacent waters(estuary area(EA),aquaculture area(AA),artificial reef area(ARA),natural area(NA)and comprehensive effect area(CEA))in Haizhou Bay in spring and autumn,we analyzed phyto-zooplankton composition,abundance and biomass,and correlation with hydrologic variables to gain information about the forces that structure the *** results showed that the dominant zooplankton were copepods(spring,98.9%;autumn,94.2%),while the phytoplankton were mainly composed of Bacillariophyta(spring,61.8%;autumn,95.6%).The RDA results showed that temperature,salinity and depth highly associated with the distribution and composition of plankton species among the habitats than other factors in spring;temperature,Chla and DO had the strongest influence in *** zooplankton in the ARA and AA ecosystems basically contained the same species as those in other habitats,and each habitat also exhibited a relatively unique combination of plankton *** structures of the EA zooplankton in spring and the EA phytoplankton in both seasons were much different than other habitats,which may have been caused by factors such as currents and *** concluded that there exists similarity of the plankton community between artificial reef area and adjacent waters,whereas the EAs may be relatively independent ***,these interaction between plankton community should be considered when designing MPA networks,and ocean circulations should be considered more than the environmental factors.

关键词： zooplankton phytoplankton seasonal variation environmental factor artificial reef

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Assembly structures of coastal woody species of eastern South America:Patterns and drivers

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 611-620页

作者： Eduardo Vinícius da Silva Oliveira Myrna Friederichs Landim Sidney F.Gouveia Graduate Program in Ecology and conservation Federal University of SergipeSão CristovãoSergipeBrazil National Institute of Science and Technology Ecology Evolution and Conservation of Biodiversity(INCT-EECBio)GoiâniaGoiasBrazil Department of Biology Federal University of SergipeSão CristóvãoSergipeBrazil Department of Ecology Federal University of SergipeSão CristóvãoSergipeBrazil

Tropical regions have provided new insights into how ecological communities are *** dry coastal communities,water stress has been hypothesized to determine plant assembly structure by favoring preadapted lineages from neighboring ecosystems,consistent with functional ***,it is unclear whether this hypothesis is sufficient to explain how coastal communities in tropical ecosystems are ***,we test whether water stress or other factors drive community assembly in woody plant communities across the coastal zone of Brazil,a tropical *** characterized functional and phylogenetic structures of these communities and determined the underlying environmental factors(e.g.,water stress,historical climate stability,edaphic constraints,and habitat heterogeneity)that drive their community *** of coastal woody species show geographically varied patterns,including stochastic arrangements,clustering,and overdispersion of species relative to their traits and phylogenetic *** complexity,water vapor pressure,and soil nutrient availability best explained the gradient in the functional *** deficit,water vapor pressure,and soil organic carbon were the best predictors of variation in phylogenetic *** results support the water-stress conservatism hypothesis on functional and phylogenetic structure,as well as the effect of habitat heterogeneity on functional structure and edaphic constraints on functional and phylogenetic *** effects are associated with increased phenotypic and phylogenetic divergence of woody plant assemblages,which is likely mediated by abiotic filtering and niche opportunities,suggesting a complex pattern of ecological assembly.

关键词： Brazil Completeness Clustering Restinga vegetation Water constraints

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Three-dimensional forest foodscape in large herbivores’habitat based on UAV with LiDAR detection

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 343-346页

作者： Heng BAO Guangshun JIANG College of Wildlife and Protected Area Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration HarbinChina Research Center for Northeast Asia Biodiversity conservation HarbinChina

Traditionally,wildlife habitat research mainly extracts two-dimensional habitat ***,they live in three-dimensional space,and the three-dimensional structure of the forest ecosystem is an important factor affecting the composition of the mammal community(Fig.1a,b),and the three-dimensional structure of the forest also determines the behavior pattern of wildlife multidimensional habitat selection or use(Flaspohler et al.2010;Palminteri et al.2012;Müller et al.2014).For instance,forest structure determines the vertical distribution of annual edible shoots,fruits,or seed nuts resources in space,providing additional ecological niches for frugivores,rodents,and other species,and then leading to niche differentiation of wild animals in vertical space utilization,thus increasing species coexistence(*** et al.2023).

关键词： habitat forest dimensional

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