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TiO_(2)Electron Transport Layer with p-n homojunctions for Efficient and stable Perovskite solar Cells

Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 1-14页

作者： Wenhao Zhao Pengfei Guo Jiahao Wu Deyou Lin Ning Jia Zhiyu Fang Chong Liu Qian Ye Jijun Zou Yuanyuan Zhou hongqiang Wang state Key Laboratory of solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi'an 710072People's Republic of China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong SARPeople's Republic of China Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072People's Republic of China Chongqing Innovation Center of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityChongqing 401135People's Republic of China

Low-temperature processed electron transport layer(ETL)of TiO_(2)that is widely used in planar perovskite solar cells(PsCs)has inherent low carrier mobility,resulting in insufficient photogenerated elec-tron transport and thus recombination loss at buried ***,we demonstrate an effective strategy of laser embedding of p-n homojunctions in the TiO_(2)ETL to accelerate electron transport in PsCs,through localized build-in electric fields that enables boosted electron mobility by two orders of *** embedding is found significantly helpful for not only the enhanced crystallization quality of TiO_(2)ETL,but the fabrication of perovskite films with larger-grain and the *** embedded p-n homojunction enables also the modulation of interfacial energy level between perovskite layers and ETLs,favoring for the reduced voltage deficit of *** from these merits,the formamidinium lead iodide(FAPbI_(3))PsCs employing such ETLs deliver a champion efficiency of 25.50%,along with much-improved device stability under harsh conditions,i.e.,maintain over 95%of their initial efficiency after operation at maximum power point under continuous heat and illumination for 500 h,as well as mixed-cation PsCs with a champion efficiency of 22.02%and over 3000 h of ambient storage under humidity stability of 40%.Present study offers new possibilities of regulating charge transport layers via p-n homojunction embedding for high performance optoelectronics.

关键词： Electron transport layer p-n homojunction Electron mobility Buried interface Perovskite solar cells

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Application of a simplified ADM1 for full-scale anaerobic co-digestion of cattle slurry and grass silage:assessment of input variability

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 125-139页

作者： sofia Tisocco sören Weinrich Gary Lyons Michael Wills Xinmin Zhan Paul Crosson Civil Engineering College of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreDunsanyC15 PW93Ireland Biochemical Conversion Department Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbHLeipzig 04347Germany Faculty of Energy·Building services·Environmental Engineering Münster University of Applied SciencesSteinfurt 48565Germany Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute HillsboroughBT266DRUK Ryan Institute University of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland MaREI Research Centre for Energy Climate and MarineRyan InstituteUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

Mathematical modeling of anaerobic digestion is a powerful tool to predict gas yields and optimize the *** Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1(ADM1)is a widely implemented model for this ***,modeling full-scale biogas plants is challenging due to the extensive substrate and parameter characterization *** study describes the modification of the ADM1 through a simplification of individual process phases,characteristic components and required ***,the ability of the simplified model to simulate the co-digestion of grass silage and cattle slurry was evaluated using data from a full-scale biogas *** impacts of substrate composition(crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration)and variability of carbohydrate degradability on simulation results were assessed to identify the most influential *** indicated that the simplified version was able to depict biogas and biomethane production with average model efficiencies,according to the Nash-sutcliffe efficiency(NsE)coefficient,of 0.70 and 0.67,respectively,and was comparable to the original ADM1(average model efficiencies of 0.71 and 0.63,respectively).The variability of crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration did not significantly impact biogas and biomethane output for the data sets *** contrast,carbohydrate degradability seemed to explain much more of the variability in the biogas and methane ***,the application of simplified models provides a reliable basis for the process simulation and optimization of full-scale agricultural biogas plants.

关键词： ADM1 Agricultural feedstocks Biogas technology Input variability Parameter estimation

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ZnO Additive Boosts Charging speed and Cycling stability of Electrolytic Zn–Mn Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 293-304页

作者： Jin Wu Yang Tang haohang Xu Guandie Ma Jinhong Jiang Changpeng Xian Maowen Xu shu‑Juan Bao hao Chen Institute for Clean Energy&Advanced Materials School of Materials and EnergySouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715People’s Republic of China

Electrolytic aqueous zinc-manganese(Zn–Mn) batteries have the advantage of high discharge voltage and high capacity due to two-electron reactions. however, the pitfall of electrolytic Zn–Mn batteries is the sluggish deposition reaction kinetics of manganese oxide during the charge process and short cycle life. We show that, incorporating ZnO electrolyte additive can form a neutral and highly viscous gel-like electrolyte and render a new form of electrolytic Zn–Mn batteries with significantly improved charging capabilities. specifically, the ZnO gel-like electrolyte activates the zinc sulfate hydroxide hydrate assisted Mn^(2+) deposition reaction and induces phase and structure change of the deposited manganese oxide(Zn_(2)Mn_(3)O_8·h_(2)O nanorods array), resulting in a significant enhancement of the charge capability and discharge efficiency. The charge capacity increases to 2.5 mAh cm^(-2) after 1 h constant-voltage charging at 2.0 V vs. Zn/Zn^(2+), and the capacity can retain for up to 2000 cycles with negligible attenuation. This research lays the foundation for the advancement of electrolytic Zn–Mn batteries with enhanced charging capability.

关键词： Electrolytic aqueous zinc-manganese batteries Electrolyte ph value ZnO electrolyte additive Fast constant-voltage charging ability

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Porous s-doped carbon nitride foam with accelerated charge dynamics for synchronous photocatalytic hydrogen production and highly selective oxidation of amines

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6860-6869页

作者： Yu he Aiping Wu Nan Wang Ying Xie Chungui Tian honggang Fu Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry(Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China) Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China

Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution coupled with organic oxidation holds great promise for converting solar energy into high-valueadded chemicals,but it is hampered by sluggish charge dynamics and limited redox ***,a porous s-doped carbon nitride(s-C_(3)N_(4−y))foam assembled from ultrathin nanosheets with rich nitrogen vacancies was synthesized using a molecular selfassembly *** s dopants and N vacancies synergistically adjusted the band structure,facilitating light absorption and enhancing the oxidation ***,the ultrathin nanosheets and porous structure provided more exposed active sites and facilitated mass and charge ***,s-C_(3)N_(4−y) foam exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activities for synchronous hydrogen evolution(4960μmol/(h·g))and benzylamine oxidation to N-benzylidenebenzylamine(4885μmol/(h·g))with high selectivity of>99%,which were approximately 17.6 and 72.9 times higher than those of bulk CN,*** photocatalytic coupling pairing reaction promotes the water splitting by consuming h2O2,thereby improving the hydrogen evolution efficiency and achieving the production of high value-added *** study provides an effective route for regulating the morphology and band structure of carbon nitride for synthesizing highly valuable chemicals.

关键词： photocatalysis s-doped carbon nitride band structure regulation hydrogen evolution coupled with benzylamine oxidation reaction mechanism

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Effect of radiative loss mechanisms on FIR thermometric parameters of Nd^(3+)-doped lithium tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257,I0002页

作者： C.Y.Morassuti A.P.L silva L.A.O.Nunes s.M.Lima L.h.C.Andrade Optical and Photothermal spectroscopy Group(GEOF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources(CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)C.P.351DouradosMSBrazil Renato Archer Information Technology Center Dom Pedro I Highway(SP-65)Km 1436-Chácaras Campos dos AmaraisCampinasSPBrazil Institute of Physics of são Carlos University of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil

Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glasses are promising materials for thermometers based on the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)***,at high Nd^(3+)concentrations,energy transfer(ET)processes such as optical reabsorption and cross-relaxation can affect the Nd^(3+)emission,which has been little explored in the ***,the present work investigated the use of Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass(samples doped with Nd^(3+)at 0.2 mol%,0.5 mol%,2.0 mol%,and 4.0 mol%)in fluorescence thermometers,in the temperature range from 299 to 371 *** results indicate a strong dependence of the FIR parameters on the Nd^(3+)concentration,due to changes in the emission band profiles caused by optical reabsorption of the Nd^(3+)emissions and cross-relaxation processes.A decrease of the relative sensitivity of the ratio^(4)F_(5/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)/^(4)F_(3/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)is observed for samples doped with higher amounts of Nd^(3+).The maximum relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,which is the highest value among the reported Nd^(3+)ions.

关键词： Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass Fluorescence intensity ratio Optical thermometry Judd-Ofelt Rare earths

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synergistic Ru/RuO_(2) heterojunctions stabilized by carbon coating as efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for acidic overall water splitting

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6931-6939页

作者： Man Wu Yuying Fan Yang huang Dongxu Wang Ying Xie Aiping Wu Chungui Tian Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of ChinaHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China

The development of highly active and stable acidic water oxidation electrocatalysts is of great significant for promoting the industrial application of proton exchange membrane ***-based catalysts have broad application prospects in acidic water oxidation,but their limitations in stability and activity hinder their further ***,a nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)coated porous Ru/RuO_(2) heterojunctional hollow sphere(Ru/RuO_(2)/NC)is designed as high-active and stable bifunctional electrocatalyst for acidic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(hER).In synthesis,the key is to use mesoporous polydopamine spheres as a template for forming hollow spheres,a source of NC coating and a reducing agent for forming Ru/RuO_(2) *** Ru/RuO_(2) heterojunction adjusts the electronic structure of Ru active sites,optimizing the adsorption of intermediate ***,the NC coating and the interaction between NC and Ru/RuO_(2) effectively prevent Ru from over-oxidation and *** porous hollow structure provides more exposed active sites and promotes mass ***,Ru/RuO_(2)/NC exhibits outstanding OER and hER performance with low overpotentials of 211 and 32 mV at 10 mA·cm^(−2),respectively,and shows excellent *** acid water splitting electrolyzer,based on the bifunctional Ru/RuO_(2)/NC,requires low cell voltages of 1.46 and 1.76 V at 10 and 100 mA·cm^(−2),respectively,with good stability for over 100 h operation,surpassing Pt/C||RuO_(2) and most of the reported catalysts.

关键词： hollow heterojunction bifunctional electrocatalysts oxygen evolution hydrogen evolution acidic water splitting

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Connections Between Induction Generator Effect and Open-loop Modal Proximity to Cause sub-synchronous Oscillations in series-compensated Power system

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CsEE Journal of Power and Energy systems 2024年第3期10卷 963-973页

作者： Wenjuan Du Yang Wang h.F.Wang Tao Zhao Tim Littler College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduChina school of Electrical Engineering the Queen’s University of BelfastBelfastUK IEEE

The induction generator effect(IGE)and the openloop modal proximity(OLMP)are two different reasons why subsynchronous oscillations(ssOs)in a series-compensated power system(sCPs)may *** IGE attributes the growing ssOs to negative resistance,while the OLMP explains the ssO mechanism from the standpoint of modal *** this paper,we investigate the connections between the IGE and the OLMP through equivalent RLC circuit and open-loop modal *** investigation is conducted for two types of seriescompensated power systems where either a synchronous generator or a DFIG is connected at the sending *** investigation reveals the conditions,in which the IGE and the OLMP may jointly cause the growing ssOs,i.e.,both the IGE and the OLMP can explain why the growing ssOs ***,the investigation indicates that the IGE and the OLMP may be totally irrelevant and lead to growing ssOs *** implies that it is possible that in a sCPs,the growing ssOs are only due to the IGE,and the OLMP is non-existent,and vice ***,when the growing ssOs occurs in a sCPs,examination based on both the IGE and the OLMP should be carefully conducted in order to find if the oscillatory instability is due to the IGE,or the OLMP,or both of them.

关键词： Induction generator effect open-loop modal proximity series compensation sub-synchronous oscillations

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Customized heat treatment process enabled excellent mechanical properties in wire arc additively manufactured Mg-RE-Zn-Zr alloys

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第4期6卷 276-289页

作者： Dong Ma Chunjie Xu shang sui Yuanshen Qi Can Guo Zhongming Zhang Jun Tian Fanhong Zeng sergei Remennik Dan shechtman school of Materials science and Engineering Xi'an University of TechnologyXi'anShaanxi 710048People's Republic of China Xi'an shechtman Nobel Prize New Materials Institute Xi'an 710048People's Republic of China Xi'an Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy Additive Manufacturing and Precision Forming Xi'anShaanxi 710048People's Republic of China Department of Materials science and Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion Guangdong Technion—Israel Institute of TechnologyShantou 515063People's Republic of China MGM Nobel Prize New Materials Co. LtdTongchuan 727100People's Republic of China Department of Materials science and Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 32000Israel Center for Nanoscience&Nanotechnology Hebrew University of JerusalemEdmond J.Safra CampusJerusalem 91904Israel

Customized heat treatment is essential for enhancing the mechanical properties of additively manufactured metallic materials,especially for alloys with complex phase constituents and heterogenous ***,the interrelated evolutions of different microstructure features make it difficult to establish optimal heat treatment ***,we proposed a method for customized heat treatment process exploration and establishment to overcome this challenge for such kind of alloys,and a wire arc additively manufactured(WAAM)Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy with layered heterostructure was used for feasibility *** this method,the optimal microstructures(fine grain,controllable amount of long period stacking ordered(LPsO)structure and nano-scaleβ'precipitates)and the corresponding customized heat treatment processes(520°C/30 min+200°C/48 h)were obtained to achieve a good combination of a high strength of 364 MPa and a considerable elongation of 6.2%,which surpassed those of other state-of-the-art WAAM-processed Mg ***,we evidenced that the favorable effect of the undeformed LPsO structures on the mechanical properties was emphasized only when the nano-scaleβ'precipitates were *** is believed that the findings promote the application of magnesium alloy workpieces and help to establish customized heat treatment processes for additively manufactured materials.

关键词： wire arc additive manufacturing heat treatment Mg-RE-Zn-Zr alloys LPsO structure mechanical properties

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On the Geometry of the Anti-canonical Bundle of the Bott–samelson–Demazure–hansen Varieties

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Acta Mathematica sinica,English series 2024年第8期40卷 1920-1940页

作者： Indranil BIsWAs s.senthamarai KANNAN Pinakinath sAhA school of Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research1 Homi Bhabha RoadMumbai 400005India Chennai Mathematical Institute Plot H1SIPCOT IT ParkSiruseriKelambakkam603103India

Let G be a semi-simple simply connected algebraic group over the field C of complex *** T be a maximal torus of G,and let W be the Weyl group of G with respect to *** Z(w,i)be the Bott–samelson–Demazure–hansen variety corresponding to a tuple i associated to a reduced expression of an element w∈*** prove that for the tuple i associated to any reduced expression of a minuscule Weyl group element w,the anti-canonical line bundle on Z(w,i)is globally *** consequence,we prove that Z(w,i)is weak *** that G is a simple algebraic group whose type is different from *** s={α1,...,αn}be the set of simple *** w be such that support of w is equal to *** prove that Z(w,i)is Fano for the tuple i associated to any reduced expression of w if and only if w is a Coxeter element and w^(−1)(Σ_(t=1)^(n)α_(t))∈−s.

关键词： Bott-samelson-Demazure-hansen variety Coxeter element anti-canonical line bundle Fano weak Fano

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Covalently Bonded Ni sites in Black Phosphorene with Electron Redistribution for Efficient Metal‑Lightweighted Water Electrolysis

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 233-245页

作者： Wenfang Zhai Ya Chen Yaoda Liu Yuanyuan Ma Paranthaman Vijayakumar Yuanbin Qin Yongquan Qu Zhengfei Dai state Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China ssN Research Centre SSN College of EngineeringChennaiTamil Nadu 603110India

The metal-lightweighted electrocatalysts for water splitting are highly desired for sustainable and economic hydrogen energy deployments,but *** this work,a low-content Ni-functionalized approach triggers the high capability of black phosphorene(BP)with hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction(hER/OER)*** a facile in situ electro-exfoliation route,the ionized Ni sites are covalently functionalized in BP nanosheets with electron redistribution and controllable metal *** is found that the as-fabricated Ni-BP electrocatalysts can drive the water splitting with much enhanced hER and OER *** 1.0 M KOh electrolyte,the optimized 1.5 wt%Nifunctionalized BP nanosheets have readily achieved low overpotentials of 136 mV for hER and 230 mV for OER at 10 mA cm^(−2).Moreover,the covalently bonding between Ni and P has also strengthened the catalytic stability of the Ni-functionalized BP electrocatalyst,stably delivering the overall water splitting for 50 h at 20 mA cm^(−2).Theoretical calculations have revealed that Ni–P covalent binding can regulate the electronic structure and optimize the reaction energy barrier to improve the catalytic activity *** work confirms that Ni-functionalized BP is a suitable candidate for electrocatalytic overall water splitting,and provides effective strategies for constructing metal-lightweighted economic electrocatalysts.

关键词： Black phosphorus Water electrolysis Electrocatalyst Electron redistribution Covalent functionalization

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