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Agrocybe cylindracea Polysaccharides repair the intestinal mucosal barrier in DSS-induced colitis by modulating the gut microbiota -macrophage axis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年

作者： Zaoxuan Wu Shujian Wu Xiuying Liu Shuze Chen Senbao Xu Yunying Gong Qiujuan Ye Xuefeng Gao Ye Chen Department of Gastroenterology， Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology， State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure research， Nanfang Hospital， Southern Medical University The First School of Clinical Medicine， Southern Medical University Integrative Microecology Clinical center， Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal microbiota and Disease Integrative Clinical Microecology center， Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal microbiota and Disease， Shenzhen Clinical research center for Digestive Disease， Shenzhen Technology research center of gut microbiota Transplantation， Shenzhen Hospital， Southern Medical University

The Agrocybe cylindracea polysaccharides (ACP) have been shown to possess various health benefits. However， the anti-inflammatory effects of ACP and the mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. In this study， we delved into the potential of ACP in mitigating colitis induced by dextrose sodium sulfate (DSS) in C57BL/6J mice and explored the associated mechanisms. ACP demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory effects in the intestines， as evidenced by the restoration of various indicators such as increased body weight and colon length， decreased DAI score， and alleviation of pathological damage in the colon. Additionally， ACP upregulated the expression of ZO-1， Occludin， and Muc2， suggesting a restoration of the mechanical and mucus barriers of the intestinal mucosa. Furthermore， ACP facilitated the polarization of M2 macrophages and preserved intestinal immune balance. The impact of ACP on the biological barrier was further scrutinized. ACP ameliorated disruptions in the gut microbiota， particularly by enhancing the relative abundance of bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids (Anaerostipes， Romboutsia， and Butyricicoccus). Remarkably， the ameliorative effects of ACP on colitis were compromised upon the removal of the microbial community， but were restored post fecal microbiota transplantation， indicating that the efficacy of ACP in alleviating colitis is dependent on the gut microbiota. Intriguingly， the regulatory influence of ACP on macrophages also hinged on the gut microbiota. In essence， ACP exhibits the potential to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota， fostering the growth of beneficial bacteria， which in turn promotes the polarization of colonic M2 macrophages and facilitates the repair of the intestinal mucosal barrier in DSS-induced colitis. These findings underscore the capacity of ACP to enhance the intestinal mucosal barrier and ameliorate colitis by modulating the gut microbiota-macrophage axis， suggesting that ACP cou

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The gut microbial metabolite indole‑3‑aldehyde alleviates impaired intestinal development by promoting intestinal stem cell expansion in weaned piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 455-470页

作者： Jiaqi Zhang Yahui Chen Xin Guo Xuan Li Ruofan Zhang Mengting Wang Weiyun Zhu Kaifan Yu Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal HealthCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China National center for International research on Animal gut Nutrition Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Wujiang Animal Health Inspection Institute Suzhou 215200China

Background Weaning stress-induced diarrhea is widely recognized as being associated with gut microbiota ***,it has been challenging to clarify which specific intestinal microbiota and their metabolites play a crucial role in the antidiarrhea process of weaned *** In this study,we first observed that piglets with diarrhea exhibited a lower average daily gain and higher diarrhea score,and elevated levels of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and D-lactate(D-LA)compared to healthy ***,we analyzed the differences in intestinal microbial composition and metabolite levels between healthy and diarrheal weaned *** piglets demonstrated intestinal microbiota dysbiosis,characterized pri-marily by a higher Firmicutes to Bacteroidota ratio,a deficiency of Lactobacillus amylovorus and Lactobacillus reuteri,and an increased abundance of Bacteroides ***-5287 and Bacteroides *** pro-filing of the gut microbiota based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)data was performed,and the results showed that tryptophan metabolism was the most significantly inhibited pathway in piglets with *** tryptophan metabolites were detected at lower concentrations in diarrheal piglets than in healthy ***,we explored the effects of dietary indole-3-aldehyde(IAld),a key tryptophan metabolite,on intestinal development and gut barrier function in weaned *** with 100 mg/kg IAld in the diet increased the small intestine index and improved intestinal barrier function by promoting intestinal stem cell(ISC)expansion in *** promotion of ISC expansion by IAld was also confirmed in porcine intestinal *** These findings revealed that intestinal microbial tryptophan metabolite IAld alleviates impaired intesti-nal development by promoting ISC expansion in weaned piglets.

关键词： Indole-3-aldehyde Intestinal development Intestinal microbiota Intestinal stem cell Weaned piglets

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Quantum metrology with optimal control under an arbitrary non-Markovian bosonic environment

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2025年第2期77卷 112-120页

作者： Likun Zhou Wen Yang Beijing Computational Science research center

Finding the optimal control is of importance to quantum metrology under a noisy *** this paper, we tackle the problem of finding the optimal control to enhance the performance of quantum metrology under an arbitrary non-Markovian bosonic environment. By introducing an equivalent pseudomode model, the non-Markovian dynamic evolution is reduced to a Lindblad master equation, which helps us to calculate the gradient of quantum Fisher information and perform the gradient ascent algorithm to find the optimal control. Our approach is accurate and circumvents the need for the Born–Markovian approximation. As an example, we consider the frequency estimation of a spin with pure dephasing under two types of non-Markovian environments. By maximizing the quantum Fisher information at a fixed evolution time, we obtain the optimal multi-axis control, which results in a notable enhancement in quantum metrology. The advantage of our method lies in its applicability to the arbitrary non-Markovian bosonic environment.

关键词： quantum metrology non-Markovian environment optimal control

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Towards few-shot mixed-type dialogue generation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 120-133页

作者： Zeming LIU Haifeng WANG Zeyang LEI Zheng-Yu NIU Hua WU Wanxiang CHE research center for Social Computing and Information Retrieval Baidu Inc.

Building an agent capable of conducting both open-domain and task-oriented dialogues, known as mixed-type dialogues, has been an enduring challenge for the AI community. Previous approaches have focused on constructing largescale human-annotated datasets for training models. However, annotating these datasets is expensive and hinders the practical application of these models. This paper identifies a novel challenge, few-shot mixed-type dialogue generation. To address this challenge, we first present a pre-trained dialogue generation framework with modular-based architecture and prompttuning component. Additionally, we collect a mixed-type dialogue dataset that combines persona-chat with conversational recommendation or task-oriented dialogues within a single dialogue session. Specifically, the modular-based architecture allows us to easily incorporate more supervised signals and human-annotated information, thereby facilitating the learning of sessionlevel dialogue logic. We pre-train this dialogue generation framework using multiple external datasets and then fine-tune it on the mixed-type dialogue dataset we collected. Experimental results demonstrate that the three key designs — modular-based architecture, prompt-tuning component, and model pre-training — significantly enhance the performance of this framework compared to state-of-the-art baselines.

关键词： mixed-type dialogue dialogue generation PLATO-prompt Mixed-FS few-shot

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General Automatic Solution Generation for Social Problems

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Machine Intelligence research 2025年第1期22卷 145-159页

作者： Tong Niu Haoyu Huang Yu Du Weihao Zhang Luping Shi Rong Zhao center for Brain-Inspired Computing research(CBICR) Optical Memory National Engineering Research Centerand Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China THU-CET HIK Joint research center for Brain-Inspired Computing Beijing100084China

Given the escalating intricacy and multifaceted nature of contemporary social systems,manually generating solutions to address pertinent social issues has become a formidable *** response to this challenge,the rapid development of artificial intelligence has spurred the exploration of computational methodologies aimed at automatically generating ***,current methods for the auto-generation of solutions mainly concentrate on local social regulations that pertain to specific ***,we report an automatic social operating system(ASOS)designed for general social solution generation built upon agent-based models that enables both global and local analyses and regulations of social problems across spatial and temporal *** adopts a hypergraph with extensible social semantics for a comprehensive and structured representation of social *** also incorporates a generalized protocol for standardized hypergraph operations and a symbolic hybrid framework that delivers interpretable solutions,yielding a balance between regulatory efficacy and functional *** demonstrate the effectiveness of the ASOS,we apply it to the domain of averting extreme events within international oil futures *** generating a new trading role supplemented by new mechanisms,ASOS can adeptly discern precarious market conditions and make front-running interventions for nonprofit *** study demonstrated that ASOS provides an efficient and systematic approach for generating solutions for enhancing our society.

关键词： General automatic generation global-local regulation hypergraph social representation symbolic hybrid scheme generalized operation protocol

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Brain activity in different brain areas of patients with diabetic vitreous hemorrhage according to voxel-based morphometry

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第2期18卷 258-267页

作者： Li-Jun Ji Jin-Yu Hu Yan-Mei Zeng Qian Ling Jie Zou Cheng Chen Liang-Qi He Xiao-Yu Wang Hong Wei Xu Chen Yi-Xin Wang Yi Shao Yao Yu Department of Ophthalmology Dahua HospitalShanghai 200237China Department of Endocrine and metabolic the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityJiangxi Clinical Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseaseJiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for metabolic DiseaseNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina Ophthalmology Centre of Maastricht University Maastricht 6200MSLimburg Provinciethe Netherlands School of optometry and vision science Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF244HQWalesUK Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesShanghai 200080China

AIM:To elucidate the neuropathological mechanisms underlying diabetic vitreous hemorrhage(DVH)and its correlation with clinical ***:Twenty-one individuals with DVH(male/female 12/9;mean age 52.29±11.66y)were selected,alongside 21 appropriately matched controls with diabetes mellitus(DM).Voxel-based morphometry(VBM)techniques were employed to identify aberrant functional regions in the *** operating characteristic(ROC)curves were utilized for classification based on the average VBM values of the two groups,and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between average VBM values in distinct brain regions and clinical ***:Relative to the DM controls,DVH patients exhibited reduced VBM values in the right superior temporal pole,the right superior temporal gyrus,the right medial orbital frontal gyrus,and the left superior frontal ***,ROC curve analysis of these four brain regions in DVH patients demonstrated a high degree of accuracy,as indicated by the area under the *** average VBM value in each of these regions exhibited a negative correlation with both the duration of DVH and the score on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).CONCLUSION:Pathological alterations in four distinct brain regions are observed in patients with DVH,potentially reflecting neuropathological changes associated with this condition.

关键词： diabetic vitreous hemorrhage voxel-based morphometry Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale brain areas

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Circadian nutrition:is meal timing an elixir for fatigue?

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 309-312页

作者： Zhihui Zhang Lu Yan Jonas T.Treebak Min-Dian Li Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular DiseaseSouthwest HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China Ministry of Education(MOE)Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Chongqing 400038China Novo Nordisk Foundation center for Basic metabolic research Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2200Denmark

Fatigue is increasingly prevalent in industrialized societies,highlighting an urgent need for effective clinical and lifestyle *** manifests as reduced muscle endurance,strength and a persistent sensation of exhaustio... 详细信息

关键词： fatigue strength sensation

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Phenanthrene perturbs hematopoietic development and causes hematopoietic defects in zebrafish

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 573-581页

作者： Lingyu Ren Yue Wang Ying Ren Guangke Li Nan Sang College of Environment and Resource Research Center of Environment and HealthShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Phenanthrene(Phe)is one of the common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the environment,and recent studies show that it can cause cardiac developmental toxicity and ***,it is still unknown whether it can affect the hematopoietic development in aquatic *** address this question,zebrafish(Danio rerio)were chronically exposed to Phe at different *** found that Phe caused structural damage to the renal tubules in the kidney,induced malformed erythrocytes in peripheral blood,and decreased the proportion of myeloid cells in adult zebrafish,suggesting possible negative impacts that Phe posed to hematopoietic ***,using in situ hybridization technology,we found that Phe decreased the expression of primitive hematopoietic marker genes,specifically gata1 and pu.1,accompanied by an obstruction of primitive erythrocyte ***,Phe impaired definitive hematopoiesis,increased aberrations of the transient hematopoietic site(PBI),and reduced the generation of hematopoietic stem cells,ultimately influencing the number of erythrocytes and myeloid *** findings suggested that Phe could induce hematopoietic toxicity in zebrafish embryos and pose unknown ecological risks.

关键词： Phenanthrene Zebrafish Hematopoietic development Hematopoietic defect

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Managing virus diseases in citrus:Leveraging high-throughput sequencing for versatile applications

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 57-68页

作者： Hongming Chen Zhiyou Xuan Lu Yang Song Zhang Mengji Cao Integrative Science center of Germplasm Creation in Western China(Chongqing)Science City Citrus Research InstituteSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400712China National Citrus Engineering research center Citrus Research InstituteSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400712China

In this review,the advantages and advances in applying high-throughput sequencing(HTS)in the management of viral diseases in citrus,along with some challenges,are discussed to provide perspectives on future *** the initial implementation of HTS in citrus virology,a substantial number of citrus viruses have been identified,with a notable increase in the last 7 *** acquisition of viral genomes and various HTS-based omics analyses serve as crucial pillars for advancing research in the etiology,epidemiology,pathology,evolution,ecology,and biotechnology of citrus *** has notably contributed to disease diagnosis,such as the diagnoses of concave gum and impietratura,as well as to the surveillance of new virus risks and the preparation of virus-free ***,certain inherent defects in HTS and coupled bioinformatics analysis,such as challenges with sequence assembly and the detection of viral dark matter,require improvement to enhance practical *** addition,the utilization of HTS for the systematic management of citrus viral diseases remains limited,and drawing insights from other virus-plant pathosystems while integrating emerging compatible techniques and ideas may broaden its specific applications.

关键词： Deep sequencing Virus epidemics Functional genomics CRISPR/Cas Virus-host interactions

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Synthesis of intermetallic PtCo fuel cell catalysts from bimetallic core@shell structured nanoparticles

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 1-6页

作者： Le Zhang Lei Tong Shuai Li Chang-Song Ma Kun-Ze Xue Hai-Wei Liang Hefei National research center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China

The high activity and stability of intermetallic PtCo nanocatalysts toward oxygen reduction reaction make them a top candidate as low-Pt cathode catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells（PEMFCs）.However,forming intermetallic structures typically requires high-temperature annealing,posing a challenge for achieving well-size control and highly ordered *** we report the design and synthesis of bimetallic co re@shell structured precursors for affording high-performance intermetallic PtCo *** fabrication of the core@shell precursor involves using a molecular ligand containing both sulfur and oxygen donors to selectively bind with Pt colloidal nanoparticles as the core and chelate Co ions as the *** high-temperature annealing,the ligand transforms into carbon coatings around alloy nanoparticles,preventing particle sintering;meanwhile,Co ions in the shell can easily diffuse into the Pt core,which helps to increase the thermodynamic driving force for forming intermetallic *** benefits enable us to obtain the catalyst with finely dispersed nanoparticles（～3.5 nm）and a high ordering degree of 72%.With 0.1 mgPt/cm2cathode loading,the catalyst delivers superior performance and durability in PEMFCs,showing an initial mass activity of 0.56 A/mgPt,an initial power density of 1.05 W/cm2at 0.67 V（H2-air）,and a voltage loss of 26 mV at 0.8 A/cm2after the accelerated durability test.

关键词： Bimetallic structure Fuel cells Intermetallic PtCo Oxygen reduction reaction

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