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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:PERK as a potential target for intervention

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1455-1466页

作者： Ju Zheng Yixin Li Ting Zhang Yanlin Fu Peiyan Long Xiao Gao Zhengwei Wang Zhizhong Guan Xiaolan Qi Wei Hong Yan Xiao Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases Ministry of Education&Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou ProvinceGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention GuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina department of Histology and Embryology Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry GuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina

Several studies have shown that activation of unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress plays a crucial role in severe cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** occurs within hours after cerebral ischemia,but the relationship between ER stress and autophagy remains *** this study,we established experimental models using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in PC12 cells and primary neurons to simulate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** found that prolongation of oxygen-glucose deprivation activated the ER stress pathway protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha(e IF2α)-activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)-C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP),increased neuronal apoptosis,and induced ***,inhibition of ER stress using inhibitors or by si RNA knockdown of the PERK gene significantly attenuated excessive autophagy and neuronal apoptosis,indicating an interaction between autophagy and ER stress and suggesting PERK as an essential target for regulating *** autophagy with chloroquine exacerbated ER stress-induced apoptosis,indicating that normal levels of autophagy play a protective role in neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** from this study indicate that cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury can trigger neuronal ER stress and promote autophagy,and suggest that PERK is a possible target for inhibiting excessive autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

关键词： apoptosis ATF4 autophagy C/EBP homologous protein cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury eIF2α endoplasmic reticulum stress PERK

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The role of axon guidance molecules in the pathogenesis of epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1244-1257页

作者： Zheng Liu Chunhua Pan Hao Huang department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Current treatments for epilepsy can only manage the symptoms of the condition but cannot alter the initial onset or halt the progression of the disease. Consequently, it is crucial to identify drugs that can target novel cellular and molecular mechanisms and mechanisms of action. Increasing evidence suggests that axon guidance molecules play a role in the structural and functional modifications of neural networks and that the dysregulation of these molecules is associated with epilepsy susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the essential role of axon guidance molecules in neuronal activity in patients with epilepsy as well as the impact of these molecules on synaptic plasticity and brain tissue remodeling. Furthermore, we examine the relationship between axon guidance molecules and neuroinflammation, as well as the structural changes in specific brain regions that contribute to the development of epilepsy. Ample evidence indicates that axon guidance molecules, including semaphorins and ephrins, play a fundamental role in guiding axon growth and the establishment of synaptic connections. Deviations in their expression or function can disrupt neuronal connections, ultimately leading to epileptic seizures. The remodeling of neural networks is a significant characteristic of epilepsy, with axon guidance molecules playing a role in the dynamic reorganization of neural circuits. This, in turn, affects synapse formation and elimination. Dysregulation of these molecules can upset the delicate balance between excitation and inhibition within a neural network, thereby increasing the risk of overexcitation and the development of epilepsy. Inflammatory signals can regulate the expression and function of axon guidance molecules, thus influencing axonal growth, axon orientation, and synaptic plasticity. The dysregulation of neuroinflammation can intensify neuronal dysfunction and contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy. This review delves into the mechanisms associated with

关键词： axon guidance drug-resistant epilepsy epilepsy nerve regeneration nervous system diseases neural pathways neuroinflammatory diseases neuronal plasticity neurons synaptic remodeling

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Neuroprotective potential for mitigating ischemia-reperfusion-induced damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2199-2217页

作者： Zi Ye Runqing Liu Hangxing Wang Aizhen Zuo Cen Jin Nan Wang Huiqi Sun Luqian Feng Hua Yang The Clinical Medical College Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal MedicinePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina School of Medical Imaging Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Division of Gastroenterology First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina The Second Clinical Medical College Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu ProvinceChina department of Neurosurgery Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina

Reperfusion following cerebral ischemia causes both structural and functional damage to brain tissue and could aggravate a patient's condition;this phenomenon is known as cerebral ischemia-reperfusion *** studies have elucidated the neuroprotective role of the sirtuin protein family(Sirtuins)in modulating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion ***,the potential of utilizing it as a novel intervention target to influence the prognosis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury requires additional *** this review,the origin and research progress of Sirtuins are summarized,suggesting the involvement of Sirtuins in diverse mechanisms that affect cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury,including inflammation,oxidative stress,blood-brain barrier damage,apoptosis,pyroptosis,and *** therapeutic avenues related to Sirtuins that may improve the prognosis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury were also investigated by modulating Sirtuins expression and affecting representative pathways,such as nuclear factor-kappa B signaling,oxidative stress mediated by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase,and the forkhead box *** review also summarizes the potential of endogenous substances,such as RNA and hormones,drugs,dietary supplements,and emerging therapies that regulate Sirtuins *** review also reveals that regulating Sirtuins mitigates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury when combined with other risk *** Sirtuins show promise as a potential target for the treatment of cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury,most recent studies are based on rodent models with circadian rhythms that are distinct from those of humans,potentially influencing the efficacy of Sirtuinstargeting drug ***,this review provides new insights into the role of Sirtuins in the pathology and treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

关键词： apoptosis autophagy blood-brain barrier dietary supplements drug hormones inflammation neuroprotection oxidative stress prognosis pyroptosis reperfusion injury risk factors RNA therapeutics

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Searching for new drugs to treat Alzheimer’s disease dementia through multiple pathways

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 22-28页

作者： Hua Bai Xiao-Feng Feng department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityDuyun 558099Guizhou ProvinceChina department of Neurology Wulong Branch of the People's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing UniversityWulong 408500ChongqingChina department of Neurology Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004Guizhou ProvinceChina

Dementia is a group of diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD),vascular dementia,Lewy body dementia,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson's disease dementia,metabolic dementia and toxic *** treatment of dementia mainly includes symptomatic treatment by controlling the primary disease and accompanying symptoms,nutritional support therapy for repairing nerve cells,psychological auxiliary treatment,and treatment that improves cognitive function through *** them,drug therapy to improve cognitive function is *** review focuses on introducing and commenting on some recent progress in exploring drugs to improve cognitive function,especially the new progress in drug treatment for *** mainly discuss the opportunities and challenges in finding and developing new therapeutic drugs from the aspects of acetylcholinesterase,N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor,amyloid protein,tau protein and chronic immune inflammation.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Dementia Cholinesterase inhibitor Beta amyloid Tau protein

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New exploration on pathogenesis and early diagnosis of gestational diabetes

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 1-5页

作者： Hua Bai department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityDuyun 558099Guizhou ProvinceChina

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)refers to varying degrees of abnormal glucose metabolism that occur during pregnancy and excludes patients pre-viously diagnosed with *** is a unique among the four subtypes of diabetes classified by the international World Health Organization *** GDM patients constitute a small proportion of the total number of diabetes cases,the incidence of GDM has risen significantly over the past decade,posing substantial risk to pregnant women and ***,it warrants considerable *** pathogenesis of GDM is generally considered to resemble that of type II diabetes,though it may have distinct *** blood biochemical proteins in the context of GDM can help elucidate its pathogenesis,thereby facilitating more effective prevention and management *** article reviews this critical clinical issue to enhance the medical community's sufficient understanding of GDM.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Pathogenesis Proteomics RBP4 ANGPTL8

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Sporadic E responds to the 2022 Tonga volcano eruptions recorded by the Meridian project

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 20-28页

作者： YangYi Sun Tao Yu Jin Wang Chi Long School of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430047China School of Physics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuizhou 550001China

In this study,ionosonde observations over Fuke(19.5°N,109.1°E),Wuhan(30.5°N,114.4°E),and Mohe(53.5°N,122.3°E)were analyzed to demonstrate the responses of the sporadic E()to the severe atmospheric disturbances caused by the Tonga volcanic eruptions on January 15,*** most prominent signature was the disappearance of the layer after~10:00 UT over Wuhan and Fuke,which was attributed to the vertical drift caused by the *** occurred intermittently after 13:00 UT following the arrival of the tropospheric Lamb *** examine the causal mechanism for the intermittence,we also included data of horizontal winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region recorded by the meteor radars at Wuhan and Mohe in this *** wind disturbances with periods of~20 hours contributed to the formation of the layer in the nighttime on January 15.

关键词： sporadic E Tonga eruptions neutral wind disturbances

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Industrial-scale investigations on effects of tertiary-air declination angle on combustion and steam temperature characteristics in a 350-MW supercritical down-fired boiler

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第1期15卷 132-142页

作者： Xiaoguang LI Lingyan ZENG Hongye LIU Yao LI Yifu LI Yunlong ZHAO Bo JIAO Minhang SONG Shaofeng ZHANG Zhichao CHEN Zhengqi LI School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China guizhou Wanfeng Electric Power Co. Ltd.Xingyi 562400China guizhou xingyi project department Huadian United(Beijing)Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Xingyi 562400China

Industrial-scale experiments were conducted to study the effects of tertiary air declination angle(TDA)on the coal combustion and steam temperature characteristics in the first 350-MW supercritical down-fired boiler in China with the multiple-injection and multiple-staging combustion(MIMSC)technology at medium and high *** experimental results indicated that as the TDA increased from 0°to 15°,the overall gas temperature in the lower furnace rose and the symmetry of temperature field was *** ignition distance of the fuel-rich coal/air flow *** near-burner region,the concentration of O2 decreased while the concentrations of CO and NO *** concentration of NO decreased in near-tertiary-air *** carbon in fly ash decreased significantly from 8.40%to 6.45%at a load of 260 *** a TDA of 15°,the ignition distances were the shortest(2.07 m and 1.73 m)at a load of 210 MW and 260 MW,*** main and reheat steam temperatures were the highest(557.2℃ and 559.4℃ at a load of 210 MW,558.4℃ and 560.3℃ at a load of 260 MW).The carbon in fly ash was the lowest(4.83%)at a load of 210 *** changing the TDA from 15°to 25°,the flame kernel was found to move downward and the main and reheat steam temperatures dropped *** change of TDA has little effect on NO_(x) emissions(660–681 mg/m^(3) at 6%O_(2)).In comprehensive consideration of the pulverized coal combustion characteristics and the unit economic performance,an optimal TDA of 15°is recommended.

关键词： supercritical down-fired boiler industrialscale experiment tertiary air declination angle coal combustion steamtemperature

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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor detected by technetium-99m methoxy-2-isobutylisonitrile single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第12期11卷 2825-2831页

作者： Chang-Jiang Liu Hua-Jun Yang Yan-Chun Peng De-Yu Huang department of Nuclear Medicine Xingyi People’s HospitalXingyi 562400Guizhou ProvinceChina department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Xingyi People’s HospitalXingyi 562400Guizhou ProvinceChina department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Splenic SurgeryXingyi People’s HospitalXingyi 562400Guizhou ProvinceChina department of Pathology Xingyi People’s HospitalXingyi 562400Guizhou ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(NETs)account for about 1%–2%of pancreatic tumors and about 8%of all *** tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging,and endoscopic ultrasound are common imaging modalities for the diagnosis of pancreatic ***,somatostatin receptor imaging is of great value for diagnosing pancreatic ***,we report the efficacy of technetium-99m methoxy-2-isobutylisonitrile(99mTc-MIBI)single photon emission CT(SPECT)/CT for detecting pancreatic *** SUMMARY A 57-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a 1-d history of persistent upper abdominal distending *** distending pain in the upper abdomen was aggravated after eating,with nausea and *** blood test results showed a high neutrophil percentage,low leukomonocyte and monocyte percentages,and low leukomonocyte and eosinophil ***,liver and kidney function,and tumor markers alpha-fetoprotein,carcinoembryonic antigen,and cancer antigen(CA)125,CA72-4,CA19-9,and CA153 were *** CT showed a mass,with multiple calcifications between the pancreas and the *** boundary between the mass and the pancreas and spleen was poorly ***-enhanced CT revealed that the upper abdominal mass was unevenly and gradually enhanced.99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT revealed that a focal radioactive concentration,with mild radioactive concentration extending into the upper abdominal mass,was present at the pancreatic body and *** 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT manifestations were consistent with the final pathological diagnosis of pancreatic *** 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT appears to be a valuable tool for detecting pancreatic NETs.

关键词： Neuroendocrine tumors Pancreas Tc-99m-Methoxy-2-isobutylisonitrile Single photon emission computed tomography X-ray computed tomography Case report

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Diversity in metagenomic sequences reveals new pathogenic fungus associated with smut in Job's tears

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第9期19卷 2257-2264页

作者： LI Xiang-dong SHI Ming PAN Hong LU Xiu-juan WEI Xin-yuan LU Ping LIAN Qi-xian FU Yu-hua Southwest guizhou Institute of Karst Regional Development Xingyi 562400P.R.China Adlay of Engineering Technical Research Centre in guizhou Xingyi 562400P.R.China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China xingyi Normal University for Nationalities Xingyi 562400P.R.China guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesXingyi 562400P.R.China

Smut is a serious disease in Job's tears,also known as adlay,and contributes to the reduction of crop yield in agricultural *** this study,the key pathogenic fungi in adlay smut disease were first identified by internal transcribed spacer region(ITS)high-throughput sequencing and then used to elucidate the composition and diversity of the fungal community in adlay *** indicate that an abundance of operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were detected in the infected involucres of flowering plants and the OTUs were classified to nine phyla,20 classes,45 orders,90 families and 119 genera.A total of 4986 OTUs clustered together,sharing six core OTUs in all samples,while 145 OTUs were shared among four geographical *** Shannon and Simpson indices ranged from 0.137–1.629 and 0.357–0.970,*** diversity ranked as Anshun(AS)>Qinglong(QL)>Xingren(XR)>xingyi(XY)among the four geographical groups by Shannon and Simpson indices,exhibiting complex community diversities among accessions and geographical *** richness and diversity data imply a weak relationship between the accession community richness and geographical origins of *** closely related fungal genera,Sporisorium and Ustilago,were implicated as causes of smut *** genus Sporisorium appears to be more commonly found among accessions and thus is more likely to be the fungal pathogen causing smut in *** work can facilitate strategies to control and prevent smut infection to improve adlay yield.

关键词： metagenomic ITS smut Job's tears

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Multifunctional cellular carbon foams derived from chitosan toward self-cleaning, thermal insulation, and highly efficient microwave absorption properties

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 927-938页

作者： Beibei Zhan Yanling Hao Xiaosi Qi Yunpeng Qu Junfei Ding Jing-liang Yang Xiu Gong Yanli Chen Qiong Peng Wei Zhong College of Physics Guizhou Province Key Laboratory for Photoelectrics Technology and ApplicationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Minzu Normal University of xingyi Xingyi 562400China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for NanoTechnology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

To adapt the practical demand,designing and constructing the multifunctional microwave absorbers(MAs)is the key future direction of research and ***,effective integrating the multiple functions into a single material remains a huge ***,cellular carbon foams(CCFs)with different porous structures were elaborately designed and fabricated in high efficiency through a facile continuous freeze-drying and carbonization processes using a sustainable biomass chitosan as the *** obtained results revealed that the thermal treated temperature and g-C_(3)N_(4) amount played a great impact on the carbonization degrees,pore sizes,and morphologies of CCFs,which led to their tunable electromagnetic(EM)parameters,improved conduction loss,and polarization loss *** to the special cellular structure,the designed CCFs samples simultaneously displayed the strong absorption capabilities,broad absorption bandwidths,and thin matching ***,the as-prepared CCFs exhibited the strong hydrophobicity and good thermal insulation,endowing its attractive functions of self-cleaning and thermal ***,our findings not only presented a facile approach to produce different porous structures of CCFs,but also provided an effective strategy to develop multifunctional high-performance MAs on basis of three-dimensional CCFs.

关键词： multifunctional microwave absorbers carbon foams cellular structure self-cleaning thermal insulation

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