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Expressing p20 hairpin RNA of Citrus tristeza virus confers Citrus aurantium with tolerance/resistance against stem pitting and seedling yellow CTV strains

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第9期14卷 1767-1777页

作者： CHENG Chun-zhen YANG Jia-wei YAN Hu-bin BEI Xue-jun ZHANG Yong-yan LU Zhi-ming ZHONG Guang-yan College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Southwest University institute of Fruit Tree Research Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of South subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization Ministry of Agriculture Economic crop. Station Agricultural Bureau of Rongxian institute of crop.Science Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) uses 3 silencing suppressor genes, p20, p23 and p25, to resist the attacks from its Citrus hosts. Inactivating these genes is therefore obviously a potential defensive option in addition to the current control strat-egies including aphid management and the use of mild strain cross protection. In this study, we cloned partial DNA frag-ments from the three genes, and used them to construct vectors for expressing hairpin RNAs (hpRNAs). To facilitate the formation of hpRNAs, the constructs were introduced in a loop structure. Fol owing transformation of sour orange (Citrus aurantium) with these constructs, 8 p20 hpRNA (hp20) and 1 p25 hpRNA (hp25) expressing lines were obtained. The 7 hp20 transgenic lines were further characterized. Their reactions to CTV were tested fol owing inoculation with CT14A and/or TR-L514, both of which are severe strains. Results showed that 3 lines (hp20-5, hp20-6 and hp20-8) were completely resistant to TR-L514 under greenhouse conditions for no detectable viral load was found in their leaves by PCR. However, they exhibited only partial suppression of TR-L514 under screen house conditions since the virus was detected in their leaves, though 2 months later compared to non-transgenic controls. Further tests showed that hp20-5 was tolerant also to CT14A under screen house conditions. The growth of hp20-5 was much better than others including the controls that were concurrently chal enged with CT14A. These results showed that expressing p20 hpRNA was sufifcient to confer sour orange with CTV resistance/tolerance.

关键词： Citrus tristeza virus(CTV),RNA interference,transgenic plant,Citrus aurantium,disease resistance

Genotype-Specific Microsatellite (SSR) Markers for the Sugarcane Germplasm from the Karst Region of guizhou, China

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第15期7卷 2209-2220页

作者： Yuhua Fu Yongbao Pan Chaoyun Lei Michael P. Grisham Chenglong Yang Qiuyi Meng guizhou institute of subtropical crop. Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xingyi Guizhou China Sugarcane Research Unit Southeast Area USDA-ARS Houma LA USA

Genetic variability among sugarcane genotypes from the Karst region of China was evaluated using genotype-specific microsatellite (SSR) markers. Eighteen sugarcane genotypes including 13 active cultivars and five elite QT-series clones bred locally were screened for genetic variability with 21 SSR primer pairs. All the primer pairs were highly polymorphic and amplified a total of 167 alleles with an average of eight alleles per primer pair. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 0.86 with a range of 0.68 and 0.92. A UPGMA dendrogram categorized the 18 sugarcane genotypes into three major groups containing three, ten and five genotypes, respectively. No geographical affinity was observed among genotypes within the same group. Eight SSR primer pairs produced cultivar-specific alleles, of which five alleles were unique to the QT-series clones, namely, SMC334BS-165 and SMC851MS-145 in QT 08-558, mSSCIR43-229 in QT 4, SM597CS-182 in QT 08-536 and SMC7CUQ-168 in QT 06-212. The clone-specific SSR alleles will be useful in identifying elite QT-series clones for use in the sugarcane crossing programs in China.

关键词： Sugarcane Clone-Specific SSR Markers Genetic Diversity Karst Region

Mutation of the PHYTOENE DESATURASE 3 gene causes yellowish-white petals in Brassica napus

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The crop.Journal 2021年第5期9卷 1124-1134页

作者： Chuanji Zhao Luqman Bin Safdar Meili Xie Meijuan Shi Zhixue Dong Li Yang Xiaohui Cheng Yueying Liu Zetao Bai Yang Xiang Chaobo Tong Junyan Huang Lijiang Liu Shengyi Liu Oil crop. Research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil crop. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430062HubeiChina National Key Laboratory of crop.Genetic Improvement National Center of Rapeseed ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina Biosystematics Group Experimental Plant SciencesWageningen University and ResearchWageningenNetherlands guizhou Rapeseed institute Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550008GuizhouChina

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) with yellow flowers is an attractive ornamental landscape plant during the flowering period,and the development of different petal colors has become a breeding objective.Although yellowish flower color is a common variant observed in field-grown oilseed rape,the genetics behind this variation remains unclear.We obtained a yellowish-white flower (ywf) mutant from Zhongshuang 9 (ZS9) by ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis (EMS) treatment.Compared with ZS9,ywf exhibited a lower carotenoid content with a reduced and defective chromoplast ultrastructure in the petals.Genetic analysis revealed that the yellowish-white trait was controlled by a single recessive gene.Using bulked-segregant analysis sequencing (BSA-seq) and kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP),we performed map-based cloning of the ywf locus on chromosome A08 and found that ywf harbored a C-to-T substitution in the coding region,resulting in a premature translation termination.YWF,encoding phytoene desaturase 3 (PDS3),was highly expressed in oilseed rape petals and involved in carotenoid biosynthesis.Pathway enrichment analysis of the transcriptome profiles from ZS9 and ywf indicated the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway to be highly enriched.Further analyses of differentially expressed genes and carotenoid components revealed that the truncated Bna A08.PDS3 resulted in decreased carotenoid biosynthesis in the mutant.These results contribute to an understanding of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and manipulation of flower-color variation in B.napus.

关键词： Yellowish-white flower BSA-seq RNA-seq BnaA08.PDS3 Carotenoid biosynthesis

Temporal and spatial distribution of phytoplankton functional groups and role of environment factors in a deep subtropical reservoir

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第3期36卷 761-771页

作者：李磊李秋华陈敬安王敬富焦树林陈峰峰 Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Area and Protection of Ecological Environment of guizhou Province Guizhou Normal University State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography and Environmental Science Guizhou Normal University School of Public Health Guizhou Medical University

Phytoplankton and environment factors were investigated in 2015 and phytoplankton functional groups were used to understand their temporal and spatial distribution and their driving factors in Wanfeng Reservoir. Seventeen functional groups(B, D, E, F, G, J, Lo, MP, P, S1, T, W1, W2, X1, X2, Xph, Y) were identified based on 34 species. The dominant groups were: J/B/P/D in dry season, X1/J/Xph/G/T in normal season and J in flood season. Phytoplankton abundance ranged from 5.33×10~4 cells/L to 3.65×10~7 cells/L, with the highest value occurring in flood season and lowest in dry season. The vertical profi le of dominant groups showed little differentiation except for P, which dominated surface layers over 20 m as a result of mixing water masses and higher transparency during dry season. However, the surface waters presented higher values of phytoplankton abundance than other layers, possibly because of greater irradiance. The significant explaining variables and their ability to describe the spatial distribution of the phytoplankton community in RDA diff ered seasonally as follows: dry season, NH4-N, NO_3-N, NO_2-N, TN:TP ratio and transparency(SD); normal season, temperature(WT), water depth, TN, NH4-N and NO_3-N; flood season, WT, water depth, NO_3-N and NO_2-N. Furthermore, nitrogen, water temperature, SD and water depth were significant variables explaining the variance of phytoplankton communities when datasets included all samples. The results indicated that water physical conditions and hydrology were important in phytoplankton community dynamics, and nitrogen was more important than phosphorus in modifying phytoplankton communities. Seasonal differences in the relationship between the environment and phytoplankton community should be considered in water quality management.

关键词：水库浮游植物环境因子生态系统

Small mammal community succession on the beach of Dongting Lake,China after the Three Gorges Project

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第3期9卷 294-308页

作者： Meiwen ZHANG Yong WANG Bo LI Cong GUO Guoxian HUANG Guo SHEN Xunjun ZHOU Dongting Lake Station for Wetland Ecosystem Research Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in the Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina College of Life Science Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Although the Three Gorges Project(TGP)may have affected the population structure and distribution of plant and animal communities,few studies have analyzed the effect of this project on small mammal communities.Therefore,the present paper compares the small mammal communities inhabiting the beaches of Dongting Lake using field investigations spanning a 20-year period,both before and after the TGP was implemented.Snap traps were used throughout the census.The results indicate that the TGP caused major changes to the structure of the small mammal community at a lake downstream of the dam.First,species abundance on the beaches increased after the project commenced.The striped field mouse(Apodemus agrarius)and the Norway rat(Rattus norvegicus),which rarely inhabited the beach before the TGP,became abundant(with marked population growth)once water was impounded by the Three Gorges Reservoir.Second,dominant species concentration indices exhibited a stepwise decline,indicating that the community structure changed from a single dominant species to a more diverse species mix after TGP implementation.Third,the regulation of water discharge release by the TGP might have caused an increase in the species diversity of the animal community on the beaches.A significant difference in diversity indices was obtained before and after the TGP operation.Similarity indices also indicate a gradual increase in species numbers.Hence,a long-term project should be established to monitor the population fluctuations of the Yangtze vole(Microtus fortis),the striped field mouse and the Norway rat to safeguard against population outbreaks(similar to the Yangtze vole outbreak in 2007),which could cause crop.damage to adjacent farmland,in addition to documenting the succession process of the small mammal community inhabiting the beaches of Dongting Lake.

关键词： beach Dongting Lake small mammal community succession Three Gorges Project

Tree ecophysiology in the context of climate change

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 1-5页

作者： Yanbo Hu Raul Antonio Sperotto Georgios Koubouris Srđan Stojnić Nacer Bellaloui Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040People’s Republic of China Graduate Program in Biotechnology Life Sciences AreaUniversity of Taquari Valley-UnivatesLajeadoBrazil Graduate Program in Plant Physiology Federal University of PelotasPelotasBrazil Laboratory of Olive Cultivation Institute of Olive TreeSubtropical Crops and ViticultureHellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRALeoforos Karamanli 16773134 ChaniaCreteGreece institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment University of Novi SadAntonaČehova 13dNovi SadSerbia crop.Genetics Research Unit Agricultural Research ServiceUSDA141 Experiment Station RoadStonevilleMS 38776USA

Forest structure and function strongly depend on and concurrently influence environmental conditions.Tree performance is generally governed by its genetics and environment;thus,recent hotspots in this field include tree genotype×environment,phenotype×environment,and functional trait×environment interactions.The editorial,review,and 22 original research articles in this Special Issue,"Tree ecophysiology in the context of climate change",highlight ecophysiological phenomena(e.g.,climate hormesis,seed germination,tree mortality),processes(e.g.,tree metabolism,photosynthate allocation,nutrient uptake and transport),indicators(e.g.,carbon sequestration,pollutants),measurements(e.g.,thermal time methods,soil quality indices,vegetation spectral index,and near-infrared leaf reflectance),and modeling(e.g.,climate correlations with tree growth,photo synthetic phenology,hydraulic strategies,OliveCan model)in the context of global climate change.Understanding forest-environment interactions from an ecophysiological perspective as climate changes provides insights into species fitness in suboptimal environments,species competition for limited resources,and phylogenetic divergence or convergence of species,and predicting species distributions.

关键词： Tree ecophysiology Climate change Climate hormesis Phenology Thermostability Forest resilience Hydraulics

Haplotype variations in QTL for salt tolerance in Chinese wheat accessions identified by marker-based and pedigree-based kinship analyses

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The crop.Journal 2020年第6期8卷 1011-1024页

作者： Shizhou Yu Jianhui Wu Meng Wang Weiming Shi Guangmin Xia Jizeng Jia Zhensheng Kang Dejun Han State Key Laboratory of crop.Stress Biology for Arid Areas Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Molecular Genetics Key Laboratory of China Tobacco Guizhou Academy of Tobacco ScienceGuiyang 550081GuizhouChina State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008JiangsuChina Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation Ministry of EducationSchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityJinan 250100ShandongChina Key Laboratory of crop.Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement Ministry of Agriculture/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Most modern wheat cultivars were selected on the basis of yield-related indices measured under optimal fertilizer and irrigation inputs.With climate change,land degradation and salinity caused by sea water encroachment,wheat is increasingly subjected to environmental stress.Moreover,expanding urbanization increasingly encroaches upon prime agricultural land in countries like China,and alternative crop.ing areas must be found.Some of these areas have moderate constraining factors,such as salinity.Therefore,it is important to investigate whether current genetic materials and breeding procedures are maintaining adequate variability to address future problems caused by abiotic stress.In this study,a panel of 307 wheat accessions,including local landraces,exotic cultivars used in Chinese breeding programs and Chinese cultivars released during different periods since1940,were subjected to a genome-wide association study to dissect the genetic basis of salinity tolerance.Both marker-based and pedigree-based kinship analyses revealed that favorable haplotypes were introduced in some exotic cultivars as well as a limited number of Chinese landraces from the 1940 s.However,improvements in salinity tolerance during modern breeding are not as obvious as that of yield.To broaden genetic diversity for increasing salt tolerance,there is a need to refocus attention on local landraces that have high degrees of salinity tolerance and carry rare favorable alleles that have not been exploited in breeding.

关键词： Genome-wide association study Linkage disequilibrium Salt tolerance Haplotype tracing Triticum aestivum

Wandesia(s.str.)boyani Li&Guo,sp.nov.,a new species representing a newly recorded subfamily Wandesiinae Schwoerbel,1961 from China

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Zoological Systematics 2021年第2期46卷 176-181页

作者： Haitao Li Xinyao Gu Daochao Jin Jianjun Guo institute of Entomology Guizhou UniversityGuizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous RegionScientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in GuiyangMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of ChinaGuiyang 550025P.R.China

A new species,Wandesia(s.str.)boyani Li&Guo,sp.nov.,is described and illustrated in detail,which is collected from Qinghai-Tibet plateau,P.R.China,and represents a newly recorded subfamily Wandesiinae(Acari:Hydrachnidiae:Hydryphantidae)to Chinese fauna.The new species is distinguished from its congeners by having stalked acetabula ranged triangularly,developed pregenital sclerite lily-like,E4 at the middle of Ac-1 and Ac-2.

关键词： Taxonomy water mite new species new record Sichuan

A major vernalization-independent QTL for tiller angle on chromosome arm 2BL in bread wheat

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The crop.Journal 2022年第1期10卷 185-193页

作者： Jiajun Liu Jieguang Zhou Huaping Tang Yang Tu Yang Mu Lulu Gou Qiantao Jiang Yaxi Liu Guoyue Chen Jirui Wang Pengfei Qi Wei Li Yunfeng Jiang Zehong Yan Houyang Kang Yuming Wei Xiujin Lan Youliang Zheng Jian Ma State Key Laboratory of crop.Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Triticeae Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Tiller angle(TA)strongly influences plant architecture and grain yield in cereals.However,the genetic basis of TA in wheat is largely unknown.We identified three TA-related quantitative trait loci(QTL).One of them was QTa.sau-2 B-769,a major QTL localized on chromosome arm 2 BL.QTa.sau-2 B-769 was detected in seven environments,explaining 18.1%–51.1%of phenotypic variance.We developed a linked Kompetitive Allele-Specific Polymerase chain reaction(KASP)marker,KASP-AX-108792274,to further validate this locus in three additional populations in multiple environments.QTa.sau-2 B-769 increased TA by up to 24.9%in these populations.There were significant and positive correlations between TA and flag leaf angle(FLANG).However,TA was not correlated with plant height or anthesis date,suggesting that expression of QTa.sau-2 B-769 is independent of vernalization.Traes CS2 B01 G583800,a gene known to be involved in leaf angle regulation,was identified as the most likely candidate gene for QTa.sau-2 B-769.These results enrich our understanding of the mechanisms regulating wheat TA at maturity and may support precise mapping and cloning of gene(s)underlying QTa.sau-2 B-769.

关键词： Tiller angle QTL detection and validation Candidate genes Expression patterns