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Investigating how different classes of nest predators respond to the playback of the begging calls of nestling birds

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 321-327页

作者： Shilong Liu Qiao Xie Aiwu Jiang Eben Goodale guangxi key laboratory of forest ecology and conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China

Begging brings benefits and costs for nestling birds:it can indicate their needs to their parents,but it can also be a cue used by predators to find the *** costs,like many variables related to nest predation,can be specific to what kinds of predators are present and their auditory *** costs and benefits could also be affected by human noise,as noise could disrupt communication to parents and eavesdropping by predators,although human-produced noise might be easily ignored if predators can hear high-frequency components of the *** studied nest predation on a generalist bird,the Red-whiskered Bulbul(Pycnonotus jocosus),in a tropical forest in which there are many kinds of nest predators,including birds,mammals and *** 20 natural nests in which artificial eggs were placed,and subsequently in 140 artificial nests,we broadcast recordings of begging nestlings,with and without traffic noise,at two volume *** hypothesized that playback would increase predation relative to a silent control,and that mixing in traffic noise with the begging would decrease predation,as the begging signal was ***,we hypothesized that some predators,particularly small mammals with sensitive high-frequency hearing,might ignore the traffic *** found that predation was lowest for the control treatment,and lower for treatments mixed with traffic noise than for those without *** mammals,however,showed an unexpected pattern,displaying less nest predation in the treatments with traffic *** results demonstrate the human-associated noise can disturb nest predators and influence which kinds of predators use begging to locate nests.

关键词： Anthropogenic noise Begging Bird reproduction Nest predation Playback

Nest-site selection and breeding ecology of Streaked Wren-Babbler(Napothera brevicaudata)in a tropical limestone forest of southern China

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Avian Research 2017年第4期8卷 218-225页

作者： Aiwu Jiang Demeng Jiang Fang Zhou Eben Goodale guangxi key laboratory of forest ecology and conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Background: The breeding information of most birds in Asian tropical areas,especially in limestone forests,is still poorly *** Streaked Wren-Babbler(Napothera brevicaudata) is an uncommon tropical limestone bird with a small *** studied its nest-site selection and breeding ecology,in order to understand the adaptations of birds to the conditions of tropical limestone forest in southern ***: We used methods of systematical searching and parent-following to locate the nests of the Streaked *** measured characteristics of nest sites and rock *** loggers and video cameras were used to monitor the breeding ***: All the observed nests of the Streaked Wren-Babbler were placed in natural shallow cavities or deep holes in large boulders or limestone *** great majority(96.6%) of Streaked Wren-Babbler nests had three eggs with an average fresh weight of 3.46-± 0.43 g(n = 36,range 2.52-4.20 g).Most(80.4%) females laid their first eggs between March and April(n = 46).The average incubation and nestling period of the Streaked Wren-Babbler was 10.2 range 9-11 days),***(87.9%) nests h± 0.4 days(n = 5,range 1011 days) and 10.5 ± 0.8 days(n = 6,ad at least one nestling fledge between 2011 and 2013(n = 33).Conclusions: Our study suggests that several features of the breeding ecology of the Streaked Wren-Babbler,including building nests in rocky cavities,commencing breeding earlier than most species,and reducing foraging times during the incubation period,are well-adapted to the unique habitat of tropical limestone forest.

关键词： Breeding season Breeding strategy Clutch size Karst Incubation rhythm Nest predation Nestling development Parental care Reproductive output

Effects of soil organic matter components and iron aluminum oxides on aggregate stability during vegetation succession in granite red soil eroded areas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第9期19卷 2634-2650页

作者： LIN Zhe HUANG Zhi-gang LIAO Da-lan HUANG Wan-xia HUANG Juan DENG Yu-song guangxi key laboratory of forest ecology and conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi 530004China College of Agriculture Guangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi 530004China

Soil aggregates determine the basic structure of soil,and their composition and stability are influenced by the various types of cementitious substances occurring in *** explore the main limiting factors of soil aggregation in the process of vegetation succession with granite as the parent material,five stages of vegetation succession in an eroded area were selected:bare land(BL),grassland(GL),grassland shrub transition land(GS),shrubland(SL)and secondary forest(SF).Soil samples were collected to determine the composition and stability of *** contents of organic and inorganic cementitious substances,including organic matter components and iron aluminum oxides,were determined at five soil aggregate grain *** results indicated that the stability of soil aggregates and the>0.25 mm water-stable aggregate content(WR_(0.25))increased with vegetation *** on the Le Bissonnais(LB)method,the mean weight diameter(MWD)of soil aggregates increased,and the relative dissipation index(RSI)and relative mechanical crushing index(RMI)*** humic acid(HA)and fulvic acid(FA)contents in soil aggregates increased with vegetation succession,and the soil humus content at the SF stage increased by more than 13.54%over the BL *** different vegetation succession stage,the iron and aluminum oxides for the SL and the SF were at a high level,and the contents of free-form iron oxide(Fe_(d))and amorphous iron oxide(Fe_(o))for BL were *** analysis indicated that the soil humic degree(PQ)and the contents of amorphous alumina(Al_(o))were positively correlated with aggregate stability to varying *** analysis(RDA)revealed that PQ values of 1-2 mm(PQ_(2))and 0.25-0.5 mm(PQ_(4))aggregates,the contents of Fe_(o) of bulk soil(Fe_(oB)),>2 mm(Fe_(o1)),1-2 mm(Fe_(o2)),and2 mm(Al_(o1))aggregates could explain 99.4%of the changes in soil aggregate stability at different vegetati

关键词： Soil aggregate stability Vegetation succession Soil organic matter components Iron aluminum oxides

Stable reverse J-shaped diameter distribution occurs in an old-growth karst forest

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Journal of forestry Research 2024年第6期35卷 135-147页

作者： Yuanfa Li Jie Li Liting Wei guangxi key laboratory of forest ecology and conservation Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory for Cultivation and Utilization of Subtropical Forest PlantationCollege of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004People’s Republic of China Laibin Jinxiu Dayaoshan forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of guangxi Laibin 545700People’s Republic of China

The reverse J-shaped diameter distribution is considered an inherent attribute of natural forests,cru-cial for forest resource utilization and community ***,in karst regions,intense habitat heterogeneity might alter species composition,spatial distribution,growth,biomass allocation,and mortality processes,yet its impact on diameter structure remains unclear.A fixed plot of 200 m×110 m was established in the Nanpan River Basin,Southwest China,within an old-growth oak forest(>300 years old),and the influence of site substrates(i.e.,rock and soil),topographic factors,sample area,and orientation on diameter distribution was *** on both rock and soil exhibited a reverse-J shape,quantifiable Project funding:This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060340 and 31400542),the Scientific Research Capacity Building Project for Laibin Jinxiu Dayaoshan forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of guangxi(22-035-130-01).through the Weibull *** substrates had a similar density,approximately 2100 plants/***,the average and range of diameter of trees on rock were smaller than those on soil,suggesting that rock constrains tree *** diameter distribution of trees across microtopography also displayed a reverse-J ***,higher elevations and sunny slopes showed a greater curvature of diameter classes compared to lower elevations and shady slopes,indicating habitat preferences in karst *** area and orientation had minimal effects on diameter class curve that reached stability when the plot size was 6000 *** results suggest that the reverse J-shaped diameter distribution prevails at small scales in karst old-growth forests,encompassing multiple curvatures and spanning forest ecosystems.

关键词： Old-growth forest Diameter distribution Karst Habitat heterogeneity Microtopography

Effect of the moisture content and dry density on the shear strength parameters of collapsing wall in hilly granite areas of South China

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International Soil and Water conservation Research 2024年第3期12卷 697-713页

作者： Xiaoyang Wang Xiaoxing Qin Jiahao Tan Linxi Yang Lixing Ou Xiaoqian Duan Yusong Deng guangxi key laboratory of forest ecology and conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China guangxi key laboratory of Agricultural environment and Agricultural products safety College of AgricultureGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China

The changes in the mechanical properties of collapsing walls under the influence of natural factors in the hilly area of southern China need to be *** systematically studied the influence of the interaction of dry densityρ(1.0,1.1,1.2,1.3,1.4 g/cm3)and moisture content w(0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25 g/g)on the stability of four soil layers in a collapsing *** soil cohesion decreased with increasing soil *** cohesion force initially increased and then decreased with increasingωand increased with increasingρ;the internal friction angle was mainly affected byωand decreased with increasingω.The cohesion could be used to effectively characterize the stability of the collapsing *** shear strength index was modeled based on interaction between the dry density and moisture content(R2>0.95).The optimal combination of moisture content and dry density was obtained,and the collapsing wall was in the most stable state at a moisture content of 0.12-0.19 g/g and a dry density of 1.40 g/*** on the analysis of the critical height and safety factor(FS),the FS values of the sandy layer(C)was 0.53 and 0.57 forωvalues of 0.25 g/g and 0.05 g/g,*** the alternating process of soil wetting and drying,the basic properties of the soil changed;caused traceback erosion,and thereby affected the stability of the collapsing *** study provides a theoretical basis for the investigation of the factors influencing the stability of collapsing walls.

关键词： Benggang Shear strength Cohesion force Internal friction angle Safety coefficient

Fragmentation process of soil aggregates under concentrated water flow in red soil hilly region with different land use patterns

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第11期20卷 3233-3249页

作者： WEN Li-li WANG Jin-yue DENG Yu-song DUAN Xiao-qian guangxi key laboratory of forest ecology and conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China guangxi key laboratory of Agricultural environment and Agricultural product safety College of AgricultureGuangxiUniversityNanning 530004China

The hilly area of red soil in the central subtropical region of China has a long history of severe soil erosion due to its abundance of water,heat,and intense agricultural and forestry *** Sandshale red soil area is hot and rainy,the local land utilization rate and replanting index are high,and the soil easily weathers and erodes,resulting in infertile and sandy soils,extensive soil erosion and large erosion,with far-reaching *** this study,the stability of soil aggregates was studied by the wet sieving method and Le Bissonais(LB)method in six land use patterns in the Sandshale red soil area,including natural forest(NF),Pinus massoniana(PM),Eucalyptus urophylla×***(EU),orchard(OR),wasteland(WL)and arable land(AL).The transport damage characteristics of the soil aggregates under concentrated water flow were analyzed by using the soil aggregates to simulate the soil surface roughness in the field using a steel scouring flume with a variable *** results showed that:(1)the total soil porosity of the natural forest was the highest,with 56.51%in A layer,which was 4.99%higher than the B layer,and the organic matter content ranged from 10.69 to 29.94 ***-1 and was highest in NF and lowest in AL;(2)the maximum mean weight diameter(MWD)obtained by the wet sieving method was 4.81 mm for natural forest,and the MWD was the lowest in OR and AL at *** MWD measured by the LB method was also highest in NF and lowest in *** contents of Fed and Ald have a strong correlation with the stability parameters of soil aggregates;(3)the Wr/Wi results for the six land use patterns were NF>PM>EU>WL>OR>AL;the NF had the strongest soil aggregate stability,followed by WL,PM and EU,and AL and OR had the weakest;the stability of soil aggregates gradually weakened as the soil depth *** analysis shows that forest land has high soil stability and obvious advantages in soil erosion *** the construction of artificial f

关键词： Soil aggregates Land use Aggregate stability Fragmentation process

Stochastic processes shape the functional and phylogenetic structure of bird assemblages at the mine area in southwest China

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 204-213页

作者： Shilong Liu Tianlong Zhou Xiaocai Tan Wambura M.Mtemi Aiwu Jiang guangxi key laboratory of forest ecology and conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNo.100 East University RoadXixiangtang DistrictNanning 530004China

Understanding the mechanisms of community assembly is a key question in *** pollution may result in significant changes in bird community structure and diversity,with implications for ecosystem processes and ***,the relative importance of these pro-cesses in shaping the bird community at the polluted area is still not ***,we explored bird species richness,functional,and phylogenetic diversity,and the assembly processes of community at the mine region of southwest *** results showed that the 3 dimensions of diversity at the mine area were lower than that at the reference *** the community assembly,the result was O

关键词： clustering community assembly functional diversity mine area phylogenetic diversity stochastic process.

Assessing the influence of the minimum measured diameter on forest spatial patterns and nearest neighborhood relationships

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第10期16卷 2308-2319页

作者： LI Yuan-fa YANG Hai-peng WANG Hong-xiang YE Shao-ming LIU Wen-zhen guangxi key laboratory of forest ecology and conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Xiaolongshan Research Institute of forestry of Gansu Province Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Secondary Forest CultivationTianshui 530004China

forest structure analysis is important for understanding the properties and development of a forest community,and its outcomes can be influenced by how trees are measured in sampled *** there is a general consensus on the height at which tree diameter should be measured[1.3 m:diameter at breast height(DBH)],the minimum measureddiameter(MMD)often varies in different *** this study,we assumed that the outcomes of forest structure analysis can be influenced by MMD and,to this end,we applied g(r)function and stand spatial structural parameters(SSSPs)to investigate how different MMDs affect forest spatial structure analysis in two pine-oak mixed forests(30 and 57 years old)in southwest China and one old-growth oak forest(>120years old)from northwest *** results showed that 1)MMD was closely related to the distribution patterns of forest *** distribution patterns at each observational scale(r=0-20 m)tended tobecome random as the MMD *** older the community,the earlier this random distribution pattern appeared.2)As the MMD increased,neighboring trees became more regularly distributed around a reference *** most cases,however,nearest neighbors of a reference tree were randomly distributed.3)Tree species mingling decreased with increasing diameter,but it decreased slowly in older forests.4)No correlations can be found between individual tree size differentiation and *** recommend that comparisons of spatial structures between communities would be more effective if using a unified MMD criterion.

关键词： Distribution patterns Minimum measured diameter Mixed forest Nearest neighbor analysis Species mingling Uniform angle index

A network meta-analysis on comparison of invasive and non-invasive sampling methods to characterize intestinal microbiota of birds

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 281-290页

作者： Tianlong Zhou Kasun H.Bodawatta Aiwu Jiang guangxi key laboratory of forest ecology and conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China Natural History Museum of Denmark University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

Birds maintain complex and intimate associations with a diverse community of microbes in their *** invasive and non-invasive sampling methods are used to characterize these communities to answer a multitude of eco-evolutionary questions related to host-gut microbiome ***,the comparability of these invasive and non-invasive sampling methods is sparse with contradicting *** performing a network meta-analysis for 13 published bird gut microbiome studies,here we attempt to investigate the comparability of these invasive and non-invasive sampling *** two most used non-invasive sampling methods(cloacal swabs and fecal samples)showed significantly different results in alpha diversity and taxonomic relative abundances compared to invasive ***,non-invasive samples showed decreased alpha diversity compared to intestinal samples,but the alpha diversities of fecal samples were more comparable to the intestinal *** the contrary,the cloacal swabs characterized significantly lower alpha diversities than in intestinal samples,but the taxonomic relative abundances acquired from cloacal swabs were similar to the intestinal *** status,diet,and domestication degree of host birds also influenced the differences in microbiota characterization between invasive and non-invasive *** results indicate a general pattern in microbiota differences among intestinal mucosal and non-invasive samples across multiple bird taxa,while highlighting the importance of evaluating the appropriateness of the microbiome sampling methods used to answer specific research *** overall results also suggest the potential importance of using both fecal and cloacal swab sampling together to properly characterize bird microbiomes.

关键词： Avian microbiomes Cloacal swabs Fecal samples Intestinal samples Meta regressions