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Polyp-Canal Reconstruction Reveals Evolution Toward Complexity in Corals

Research 2024年第1期2023卷 417-428页

作者： Yixin Li Xin Liao Xin Wang Yuanchao Li Hongwei Zhao Yunpeng Zhao Junyuan Chen Chunpeng He Zuhong Lu State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization Guangxi Mangrove Research CenterGuangxi Academy of SciencesBeihai 536000China Hainan academy of Ocean and fishery sciences Haikou 571126China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences39 East Beijing RoadNanjing 210008China

Modern scleractinian corals are classified into robust,complex,and basal clades through comparative molecular ***,only few morphological or biological criteria can systematically determine the evolutionary trajectories of these major scleractinian coral ***,we obtained the structural information of 21 scleractinian coral species representing robust and complex clades:High-resolution micro-computed tomography was used to reconstruct the polyp-canal systems in their colonies and to visualize the dynamic polyp growth *** found that the emergence of mesh-like canals may distinguish representatives of complex and robust *** differences in polyp-canal connections suggest distinct evolutionary trajectories among coral species:The formation of the canal network promoted the development of more complex coral structures,and coral polyps within this network formed calices of very similar volume,following precise axial growth *** influence of individual polyps on the coral colony becomes less significant as coral structures become more complex,and coral species with more complicated polyp-canal systems occupied niches more *** work supplements current evolutionary studies on reef-building corals,providing insight for further studies on coral growth patterns.

关键词： Coral representing directions

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Design and prototyping of the readout electronics for the transition radiation detector in the high energy cosmic radiation detection facility

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 189-199页

作者： Jie-Yu Zhu Yang-Zhou Su Hai-Bo Yang Fen-Hua Lu Yan Yang Xi-Wen Liu Ping Wei Shu-Cai Wan Hao-Qing Xie Xian-Qin Li Cong Dai Hui-Jun Hu Hong-Bang Liu Shu-Wen Tang Cheng-Xin Zhao Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

The high energy cosmic-radiation detection(HERD)facility is planned to launch in 2027 and scheduled to be installed on the China Space *** serves as a dark matter particle detector,a cosmic ray instrument,and an observatory for high-energy gamma rays.A transition radiation detector placed on one of its lateral sides serves dual purpose,(ⅰ)calibrating HERD's electromagnetic calorimeter in the TeV energy range,and(ⅱ)serving as an independent detector for high-energy gamma *** this paper,the prototype readout electronics design of the transition radiation detector is demonstrated,which aims to accurately measure the charge of the anodes using the SAMPA application specific integrated circuit *** electronic performance of the prototype system is evaluated in terms of noise,linearity,and *** the presented design,each electronic channel can achieve a dynamic range of 0–100 fC,the RMS noise level not exceeding 0.15 fC,and the integral nonlinearity was<0.2%.To further verify the readout electronic performance,a joint test with the detector was carried out,and the results show that the prototype system can satisfy the requirements of the detector's scientific goals.

关键词： HERD Dark matter particle detection TRD Readout electronics SAMPA Data acquisition Performance test

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Sugarcane leaves-derived polyphenols alleviate metabolic syndrome and modulate gut microbiota of ob/ob mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 633-648页

作者： Li Sun Tao Wang Baosong Chen Cui Guo Shanshan Qiao Jinghan Lin Huan Liao Huanqin Dai Bin Wang Jingzu Sun Hongwei Liu State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Savaid Medicine School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China guangxi academy of sciences Nanning 530007China

Sugarcane leaves-derived polyphenols(SLP)have been demonstrated to have diverse health-promoting benefits,but the mechanism of action has not been fully *** study aimed to investigate the anti-metabolic disease effects of SLP and the underlying mechanisms in *** the current study,we prepared the SLP mainly consisting of three flavonoid glycosides,three phenol derivatives,and two lignans including one new compound,and further demonstrated that SLP reduced body weight gain and fat accumulation,improved glucose and lipid metabolism disorders,ameliorated hepatic steatosis,and regulated short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)production and secondary bile acids metabolism in ob/ob ***,SLP largely altered the gut microbiota composition,especially enriching the commensal bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides *** gavage with the above two strains ameliorated metabolic syndrome(MetS),regulated secondary bile acid metabolism,and increased the production of SCFAs in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese *** results demonstrated that SLP could be used as a prebiotic to attenuate MetS via regulating gut microbiota composition and further activating the secondary bile acids-mediated gut-adipose axis.

关键词： Sugarcane leaves-derived polyphenols Metabolic syndrome Bacteroides acidifaciens Akkermansia muciniphila Secondary bile acids metabolism

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Analyses of fin ray types to detect strontium markers in juvenile blunt-snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 206-216页

作者： Yahua Zhu Tao Jiang Xiubao Chen Hongbo Liu Quinton Phelps Jian Yang Wuxi Fisheries College Nanjing Agricultural University (WFCNAU) Laboratory of fishery Microchemistry Freshwater Fisheries Research Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (FFRCCAFS) Department of Biology Missouri State University (DBMSU)

Background Restocking by introducing hatchery-reared fish into wild habitats aids in the restoration of fishery aquatic ecosystems and reefs to increase the abundance of fish resources, restore the ecological balance of water bodies, and enhance ecosystem functioning. Accurately, rapidly, and effectively evaluating the success of restocking using chemical markers（e.g., strontium [Sr]） remains challenging for fisheries management. Consequently, for nonlethal fish sampling, hard tissues, such as fin rays, have received increasing attention as a target for marking method. However, data on the differences in marking different types of fin rays remain limited. Therefore, we exposed juvenile blunt snout bream individuals（Megalobrama amblycephala） to 0（control group） or 800 mg/L of SrCl2·6H2O（marked group） for 5 days and transferred them into normal aerated water for post-immersion culture. We sampled their pectoral, dorsal, ventral, anal, and caudal fin rays. The Sr marks among the fin types were sampled at 0 and 20 days post-immersion and evaluated using an electron probe micro-analyzer（EPMA） for the five-day Sr/Ca ratios, along with line transect and Sr mapping *** Sr marking signatures were observed in all fin types in the marked group, with a success rate of up to 100%. Although marking efficiency varied among the different fin ray types, the highest Sr/Ca ratios were most often detected in the dorsal fin. Cross-sectional Sr concentration maps of all fin rays sampled showed high-Sr domains in the marked group; in contrast, the entire cross-sections of the control group displayed low Sr contents, indicating successful marking *** Fin ray Sr marking is a successful method for juvenile M. amblycephala, with the advantages of nonlethality and negligible sampling injuries, facilitating the rapid and effective evaluation of Sr marking in restocking M. amblycephala.

关键词： Megalobrama amblycephala Juvenile Fin ray Strontium marking Electron probe micro-analyzer

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The Weixi High-silica Granitoids in the Central Sanjiang Orogenic Belt,Southwest China:Implications for Growth of the Continental Crust

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第3期98卷 641-656页

作者： WANG Qiuyu CHEN Shouming ZHANG Hongrui LI Saisai SinoProbe Laboratory Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China guangxi Key Laboratory of Hidden Metallic Ore Deposit Exploration GuilinGuangxi 541004China

High-silica granitoids record the formation and evolution of the continental crust.A new intrusive complex has been recognized among silicic volcanic rocks of the Weixi arc,Southwest *** intrusions consist of granites,granitic porphyries,and *** U-Pb age data indicate that the Weixi granitoids formed at 248-240 Ma and were coeval with silicic volcanic rocks of the Weixi *** Weixi granitoids are enriched in Rb,Th,and U,depleted in Ba,Sr,Nb,Ta,and Ti,and have high light/heavy rare earth element ratios and slightly negative Eu *** Weixi granitoids have negative ε_(Nd)(t)values(-9.8 to-7.8)and negative zircon ε_(Hf)(t)values(-12.02 to-5.11).The geochemical and isotopic features suggest the Weixi granitoids were derived by partial melting of ancient crustal *** Weixi granitoids and silicic volcanic rocks were derived from the same magma by crystal accumulation and melt extraction,respectively,and they record the formation of a continental arc in the central Sanjiang orogenic belt.

关键词： granitoids geochemistry crystal accumulation continental crust Sanjiang orogen

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Water quality and habitat drive phytoplankton taxonomic and functional group patterns in the Yangtze River

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 144-158页

作者： Wenqi Gao Fangyuan Xiong Ying Lu Wei Xin Haihua Wang Gangpeng Feng Chiping Kong Lei Fang Xiaoping Gao Yushun Chen State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese academy of sciences Jiangxi Institute for Fisheries sciences Poyang Lake Fisheries Research Centre of Jiangxi Province East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Jiujiang Institute of Agricultural sciences

Background Although phytoplankton are important primary producers in food webs, they are relatively less studied in large rivers compared to other types of systems. To fill this research gap, we studied phytoplankton taxonomic and functional composition and their relationships with water quality, habitat, climate, and land use across 30 river sections in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River during 2017–*** Major observed phytoplankton groups were cyanobacteria, bacillariophyta, and chlorophyta. Phytoplankton total abundance, total biomass, and species richness significantly decreased in the dry season compared to the wet season, with the species and functional composition differing significantly between seasons. Phytoplankton species differences between seasons were mainly contributed by Oscillatoria sp., Pseudanabaena sp., and Melosira granulata. The dfferences in phytoplankton functional groups between seasons were mainly contributed by P（including Closterium sp., Melosira sp.）, Lo（including Merismopedia sp., Peridinium sp., Ceratium sp., and Gymnodinium sp.）, and J（including Pediastrum sp., Tetraedron sp., Crucigenia sp., Scenedesmus sp., and Coelastrum sp.）. The variance partitioning showed that water quality（NO3-N, total suspended solids, turbidity） and habitat（water flow, river bank and river channel conditions） were critical factors in shaping phytoplankton patterns, followed by climate and land *** Results indicated that there was significant seasonal variation of phytoplankton in the Yangtze River, with water quality and habitat primarily driving phytoplankton patterns. Our study contributes to the understanding of natural and anthropogenic factors that drive seasonal successional processes of phytoplankton in the Yangtze River. These findings have important implications for environmental management as well as towards the ecological restoration of large rivers.

关键词： Yangtze River Phytoplankton Functional group Water quality Physical habitat

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Molecular analyses display the increasing diversity of Podostemaceae in China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 421-424页

作者： Zhi-Zhong Li Zhun Xu Shuang Wu Lang-Xing Yuan Chun-Yu Zou Yan Liu Jian-Yong Lin Shi-Chu Liang Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(guangxi Normal University) Ministry of EducationGuilin 541006China Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China guangxi Association for Science and Technology Nanning 530023China Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101China guangxi Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilin 541006China guangxi Forestry Research Institute Nanning 530028China

Podostemaceae(riverweed family),one of the largest aquatic plant families in the world,comprises about 350 species in 51 genera placed in three subfamilies,Podostemoideae,Weddellinoideae,and Tristichoideae(Koi et al.,2022).Most Podostemaceae genera(~38)are monotypic or oligotypic,with a high level of endemism(Koi et al.,2018,2022).Members of Podostemaceae adhere to rocks in fast-flowing rivers,streams,or waterfalls in the subtropics and tropics(Koi et al.,2018).As an adaptation to fastrunning currents,the morphological structure of river-weeds tends to be extremely reduced,including a loss or reduction of primary shoots or roots(Koi and Kato,2007).The vegetative mass of these plants resembles lichens or bryophytes,and are thus known commonly as“dream bryophytes”(Philbrick and Retana,1998).Podostemaceae plants flower when the water level drops during the dry *** recent years,anthropogenic factors and climate change have severely affected river weed habitats,decreasing populations of these plants.

关键词： roots season habitat

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Yuzaoea gen. nov., a new biraphid diatom(Bacillariophyceae)genus and its phylogenetic significance

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第2期43卷 130-136页

作者： Honghan Liu Chenhong Li Lang Li Xuesong Li Lin Sun Junrong Liang Jun Zhang Yahui Gao Changping Chen Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems and School of Life sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Guangxi Academy of Marine SciencesGuangxi Academy of SciencesNanning 530007China Beibu Gulf Marine Industry Research Institute Fangchenggang 538000China

The flexed frustules in pennate diatoms are usually associated with monoraphid diatoms. Interestingly, we found a biraphid diatom species with flexed frustules in an offshore intertidal beach environment on Weizhou Island,Beihai City, guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Therefore, based on morphological characteristics, we described a new genus of diatoms Yuzaoea sinensis gen. et sp. nov. CH Li, HH Liu, YH Gao & CP Chen. The frustule of this genus is characterized by heterogeneous frustule with one concave valve and one convex valve,complete raphe on both valves, straight and moderately eccentric raphe, uniseriate striae and girdle bands with a single row of areolae. The most identifying feature of this genus was the flexed frustule, which is rare in biraphid diatoms and common in monoraphid diatoms. We compared the morphometric characteristics of genus Yuzaoea with genus Rhoikoneis and several genera within the family Rhoicospheniaceae, including Rhoicosphenia,Campylopyxis, and Cuneolus. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rRNA and rbc L showed that the genus Yuzaoea was the sister group to the clade of Rhoicosphenia with a high support value(bootstrap values = 100%), and the clade “Yuzaoea+Rhoicosphenia” was sister to the clade of monoraphid diatoms, in which the genera Achnanthidium, Planothidium and some Cocconeis with high support values(bootstrap = 100%).Morphologically, the genus Yuzaoea shares many morphological features with monoraphid diatoms like genera Achnanthidium and Planothidium and the members within the Rhoicospheniaceae. Therefore, based on a combined morphological studies and phylogenetic results we suggested that this branch may represented the evolution of one kind monoraphid diatoms, from biraphid diatoms(e.g. genus Yuzaoea), to incompleted biraphid diatoms(e.g. genera Rhoicosphenia, Campylopyxis), to monoraphid diatoms(e.g. genera Achnanthidium and Planothidium).

关键词： biraphid diatom marine new genus Rhoicospheniaceae taxonomy Yuzaoea

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Magnetic proximity effect in the two-dimensional ε-Fe_(2)O_(3)/NbSe_(2)heterojunction

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 492-497页

作者：车冰玉胡国静朱超郭辉吕森浩刘轩冶吴康赵振潘禄禄祝轲齐琦韩烨超林晓李子安申承民鲍丽宏刘政周家东杨海涛高鸿钧 Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityGuangxi 530004China School of Physics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Two-dimensional(2D)magnet/superconductor heterostructures can promote the design of artificial materials for exploring 2D physics and device applications by exotic proximity ***,plagued by the low Curie temperature and instability in air,it is hard to realize practical applications for the reported layered magnetic materials at *** this paper,we developed a space-confined chemical vapor deposition method to synthesize ultrathin air-stable ε-Fe_(2)O_(3) nanosheets with Curie temperature above 350 *** ε-Fe_(2)O_(3)/NbSe_(2) heterojunction was constructed to study the magnetic proximity effect on the superconductivity of the NbSe_(2) *** electrical transport results show that the subtle proximity effect can modulate the interfacial spin–orbit interaction while undegrading the superconducting critical *** work paves the way to construct 2D heterojunctions with ultrathin nonlayered materials and layered van der Waals(vdW)materials for exploring new physical phenomena.

关键词： two-dimensional heterojunctions magnetic proximity effect non-layered magnetic nanosheet spin-orbit interaction

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The positive energy theorem for weighted asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes

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Science China Mathematics 2024年

作者： Yaohua Wang Xiao Zhang School of Mathematics and Statistics Henan University guangxi Center for Mathematical Research Guangxi University academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The positive energy theorem for weighted asymptotically flat spin manifolds was proved by Baldauf and Ozuch(2022) and for the non-spin case by Chu and Zhu(2024). In this paper, we generalize the positive energy theorem for 3-dimensional asymptotically anti-de Sitter initial data sets to weighted asymptotically anti-de Sitter initial data sets assuming that the weighted dominant energy condition holds.

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