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Cath-KP,a novel peptide derived from frog skin,prevents oxidative stress damage in a Parkinson’s disease model

Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 108-124页

作者： Huanpeng Lu Jinwei Chai Zijian Xu Jiena Wu Songzhe He Hang Liao Peng Huang Xiaowen Huang Xi Chen Haishan Jiang Shaogang Qu Xueqing Xu Department of Neurology Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China guangdong Provincial key laboratory of New Drug Screening School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for brain Science and brain-Inspired Intelligence GuangzhouGuangdong 510515China key laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Department of Dermatology Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Department of Neurology Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGanzhouJiangxi 341001China

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a neurodegenerative condition that results in dyskinesia,with oxidative stress playing a pivotal role in its *** peptides may thus present therapeutic potential for *** this study,a novel cathelicidin peptide(Cath-KP;GCSGRFCNLF NNRRPGRLTLIHRPGGDKRTSTGLIYV)was identified from the skin of the Asiatic painted frog(Kaloula pulchra).Structural analysis using circular dichroism and homology modeling revealed a uniqueαββconformation for *** vitro experiments,including free radical scavenging and ferric-reducing antioxidant analyses,confirmed its antioxidant *** the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion(MPP^(+))-induced dopamine cell line and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-induced PD mice,Cath-KP was found to penetrate cells and reach deep brain tissues,resulting in improved MPP^(+)-induced cell viability and reduced oxidative stress-induced damage by promoting antioxidant enzyme expression and alleviating mitochondrial and intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation through Sirtuin-1(Sirt1)/Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)pathway *** focal adhesion kinase(FAK)and p38 were also identified as regulatory *** the MPTP-induced PD mice,Cath-KP administration increased the number of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)-positive neurons,restored TH content,and ameliorated *** the best of our knowledge,this study is the first to report on a cathelicidin peptide demonstrating potent antioxidant and neuroprotective properties in a PD model by targeting oxidative *** findings expand the known functions of cathelicidins,and hold promise for the development of therapeutic agents for PD.

关键词： Cath-KP Peptide Parkinson’s disease Oxidative stress Neuroprotection

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Genetically modified non-human primate models for research on neurodegenerative diseases

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 263-274页

作者： Ming-Tian Pan Han Zhang Xiao-Jiang Li Xiang-Yu Guo guangdong key laboratory of Non-human Primate Research Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China

Neurodegenerative diseases(NDs)are a group of debilitating neurological disorders that primarily affect elderly populations and include Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease(PD),Huntington's disease(HD),and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).Currently,there are no therapies available that can delay,stop,or reverse the pathological progression of NDs in clinical *** the population ages,NDs are imposing a huge burden on public health systems and affected *** models are important tools for preclinical investigations to understand disease pathogenesis and test potential *** numerous rodent models of NDs have been developed to enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms,the limited success of translating findings from animal models to clinical practice suggests that there is still a need to bridge this translation *** World nonhuman primates(NHPs),such as rhesus,cynomolgus,and vervet monkeys,are phylogenetically,physiologically,biochemically,and behaviorally most relevant to *** is particularly evident in the similarity of the structure and function of their central nervous systems,rendering such species uniquely valuable for neuroscience ***,the development of several genetically modified NHP models of NDs has successfully recapitulated key pathologies and revealed novel *** review focuses on the efficacy of NHPs in modeling NDs and the novel pathological insights gained,as well as the challenges associated with the generation of such models and the complexities involved in their subsequent analysis.

关键词： Neurodegeneration Non-human primate Macaque monkey Animal model Gene modification

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A 9.5-kb deletion in the 1st intron of OsMADS51 enhances temperature sensitivity in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1031-1040页

作者： Lei Zhao Haifei Hu Junyu Chen Chongrong Wang Yibo Chen Hong Li Daoqiang Huang Zhidong Wang Degui Zhou Rong Gong Yangyang Pan Junliang Zhao Liangyong Ma Shaochuan Zhou Rice Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina State key laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina guangdong laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Guangzhou 510640GuangdongChina key laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China(Co-construction by Ministry and province) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina guangdong Rice Engineering laboratory Guangzhou 510640GuangdongChina guangdong key laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding Guangzhou 510640GuangdongChina

Temperature is an important environmental factor affecting heading date of *** its importance,genes responsible for temperature-sensitive heading in rice have remained *** previous study identified a quantitative trait locus qHd1 which advances heading date under high temperatures.A 9.5-kb insertion was found in the first intron of OsMADS51 in indica variety Zhenshan 97(ZS97).However,the function of this natural variant in controlling temperature sensitivity has not been *** this study,we used CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out the 9.5-kb insertion in *** conducted under cotrolled conditions in phytotrons confirmed that deletion increased temperature sensitivity and advanced heading by downregulating the expression level of ***-hybrid assays in yeast,ChIP-quantitative polymerase chain reaction,electrophoretic mobility shift,and luciferase-based transient transactivation assays collectively confirmed that OsMADS51 affects heading date by regulation of heading date gene *** further determined that the long non-coding RNA HEATINR is generated from the first intron of OsMADS51,offering an explanation for how the 9.5-kb insertion affects temperature *** also found that OsMADS51 was strongly selected in early/late-season rice varieties in South China,possibly accounting for their strong temperature *** insights not only advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the temperature-responsive regulation of heading date in rice but also provide a valuable genetic target for molecular breeding.

关键词： OsMADS51 Insertion Long non-coding RNA Oryza sativa

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Differential distribution of PINK1 and Parkin in the primate brain implies distinct roles

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1124-1134页

作者： Yanting Liu Wei Huang Jiayi Wen Xin Xiong Ting Xu Qi Wang Xiusheng Chen Xianxian Zhao Shihua Li Xiaojiang Li Weili Yang guangdong key laboratory of Non-human Primate Research Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education)Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao CNS Regeneration Institute of Jinan UniversityJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

The vast majority of in vitro studies have demonstrated that PINK1 phosphorylates Parkin to work together in mitophagy to protect against neuronal ***,it remains largely unclear how PINK1 and Parkin are expressed in mammalian *** has been difficult to address because of the intrinsically low levels of PINK1 and undetectable levels of phosphorylated Parkin in small *** this issue is critical for elucidating the in vivo roles of PINK1 and ***,we showed that the PINK1 kinase is selectively expressed as a truncated form(PINK1–55)in the primate *** the present study,we used multiple antibodies,including our recently developed monoclonal anti-PINK1,to validate the selective expression of PINK1 in the primate *** found that PINK1 was stably expressed in the monkey brain at postnatal and adulthood stages,which is consistent with the findings that depleting PINK1 can cause neuronal loss in developing and adult monkey ***1 was enriched in the membrane-bound fractionations,whereas Parkin was soluble with a distinguishable *** double staining experiments showed that PINK1 and Parkin did not colocalize under physiological conditions in cultured monkey astrocytes,though they did colocalize on mitochondria when the cells were exposed to mitochondrial *** findings suggest that PINK1 and Parkin may have distinct roles beyond their well-known function in mitophagy during mitochondrial damage.

关键词： neurodegeneration Parkin Parkinson’s disease PINK1 subcellular distribution

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Self-assembly of differentiated dental pulp stem cells facilitates spheroid human dental organoid formation and prevascularization

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第3期16卷 287-304页

作者： Fei Liu Jing Xiao Lei-Hui Chen Yu-Yue Pan Jun-Zhang Tian Zhi-Ren Zhang Xiao-Chun Bai School of Basic Medical Sciences Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Health Management Guangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhou 510317Guangdong ProvinceChina guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina Centre of Reproduction Development and AgingFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China Department of Stomatology Guangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhou 510317Guangdong ProvinceChina Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Cell Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The self-assembly of solid organs from stem cells has the potential to greatly expand the applicability of regenerative *** cells can self-organise into microsized organ units,partially modelling tissue function and *** pulp organoids have been used to recapitulate the processes of tooth development and related ***,the lack of vasculature limits the utility of dental pulp *** To improve survival and aid in recovery after stem cell transplantation,we demonstrated the three-dimensional(3D)self-assembly of adult stem cell-human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSCs)and endothelial cells(ECs)into a novel type of spheroid-shaped dental pulp organoid in vitro under hypoxia and conditioned medium(CM).METHODS During culture,primary hDPSCs were induced to differentiate into ECs by exposing them to a hypoxic environment and *** hypoxic pretreated hDPSCs were then mixed with ECs at specific ratios and conditioned in a 3D environment to produce prevascularized dental pulp *** biological characteristics of the organoids were analysed,and the regulatory pathways associated with angiogenesis were *** The combination of these two agents resulted in prevascularized human dental pulp organoids(Vorganoids)that more closely resembled dental pulp tissue in terms of morphology and ***-cell RNA sequencing of dental pulp tissue and RNA sequencing of Vorganoids were integrated to analyse key regulatory pathways associated with *** biomarkers forkhead box protein O1 and fibroblast growth factor 2 were identified to be involved in the regulation of *** In this innovative study,we effectively established an in vitro model of Vorganoids and used it to elucidate new mechanisms of angiogenesis during regeneration,facilitating the development of clinical treatment strategies.

关键词： Human dental pulp stem cells Prevascularized organoids Integrated analyses Angiogenesis Forkhead box protein O1

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Chiral bound states in a staggered array of coupled resonators

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 124-130页

作者：金伍林李静卢竞龚志瑞周兰 Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan ProvinceKey Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of EducationSynergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsInstitute of Interdisciplinary StudiesXiangjiang-Laboratory and Department of PhysicsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

We study the chiral bound states in a coupled-resonator array with staggered hopping strengths,which interacts with a two-level small atom through a single coupling point or two adjacent *** addition to the two typical bound states found above and below the energy bands,this system presents an extraordinary chiral bound state located within the energy *** use the chirality to quantify the breaking of the mirror *** find that the chirality value undergoes continuous changes by tuning the coupling *** preferred direction of the chirality is controlled not only by the competition between the intracell and the intercell hoppings in the coupled-resonator array,but also by the coherence between the two coupling *** the case with one coupling point,the chirality values varies monotonously with difference between the intracell hopping and the intercell *** in the case with two coupling points,due to the coherence between the two coupling points the perfect chiral states can be obtained.

关键词： bound states two-level small atom coupled-resonator array chirality

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Leading Pattern of Spring Drought Variability over East Asia and Associated Drivers

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第1期30卷 1-10页

作者：赵庆红杨崧田红瑛邓开强 School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)ZhuhaiGuangdong 519082 China guangdong province key laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong 519082 China College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 China

Drought events have become more frequent and intense over East Asia in recent decades,leading to huge socioeconomic *** the droughts have been studied extensively by cases or for individual regions,their leading variability and associated causes remain *** on the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)and ERA5 reanalysis product from 1979 to 2020,this study evealuates the severity of spring droughts in East Asia and investigates their variations and associated *** results indicate that North China and Mongolia have experienced remarkable trends toward dryness during spring in recent decades,while southwestern China has witnessed an opposite trend toward *** first Empirical Orthogonal function mode of SPEI variability reveals a similar seesawing pattern,with more severe dryness in northwestern China,Mongolia,North China,South Korea,and Japan but increased wetness in Southwestern China and southeast *** investigation reveals that the anomalously dry(wet)surface in North(Southwestern)China is significantly associated with anomalously high(low)temperature,less(more)precipitation,and reduced(increased)soil moisture during the previous winter and early spring,regulated by an anomalous anticyclone(cyclone)and thus reduced(increased)water vapor *** spring dry-wet pattern in East Asia is also linked to cold sea surface temperature anomalies in the central-eastern *** findings of this study have important implications for improving the prediction of spring drought events in East Asia.

关键词： drought leading pattern East Asia spring drivers

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P7C3-A20 treats traumatic brain injury in rats by inhibiting excessive autophagy and apoptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1078-1083页

作者： Zhiqing Yang Zhenchao Wang Xiaoqi Deng Lingxin Zhu Zhaomeng Song Changyu Cao Xinran Li School of Life Science and Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshanGuangdong ProvinceChina Foshan University Veterinary Teaching Hospital FoshanGuangdong ProvinceChina

Traumatic brain injury is a severe health problem leading to autophagy and apoptosis in the brain.3,6-Dibromo-beta-fluoro-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-9H-carbazole-9-propanamine(P7C3-A20)can be neuroprotective in various diseases,including ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative ***,whether P7C3-A20 has a therapeutic effect on traumatic brain injury and its possible molecular mechanisms are ***,in the present study,we investigated the therapeutic effects of P7C3-A20 on traumatic brain injury and explored the putative underlying molecular *** established a traumatic brain injury rat model using a modified weight drop method.P7C3-A20 or vehicle was injected intraperitoneally after traumatic brain *** neurological deficits were found in rats after traumatic brain injury,with deterioration in balance,walking function,and learning ***,hematoxylin and eosin staining showed significant neuronal cell damage,while terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining indicated a high rate of *** presence of autolysosomes was observed using transmission electron microscope.P7C3-A20 treatment reversed these pathological *** blotting showed that P7C3-A20 treatment reduced microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-Ⅱ(LC3-Ⅱ)autophagy protein,apoptosis-related proteins(namely,Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa-interacting protein 3[BNIP3],and Bcl-2 associated x protein[Bax]),and elevated ubiquitin-binding protein p62(p62)autophagy protein ***,P7C3-A20 can treat traumatic brain injury in rats by inhibiting excessive autophagy and apoptosis.

关键词： apoptosis autophagy cortex hippocampus motor function P7C3-A20 traumatic brain injury

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Large animal models for Huntington's disease research

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 275-283页

作者： Bofeng Han Weien Liang Xiao-Jiang Li Shihua Li Sen Yan Zhuchi Tu guangdong-Hongkong-Macao CNS Regeneration Institute of Jinan University Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Jinan University)-Ministry of EducationGuangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate ResearchGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China Department of Pathophysiology School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China

Huntington'sdisease(HD)isahereditary neurodegenerative disorder for which there is currently no ***,the development of appropriate disease models is critical to thoroughly investigate disease *** genetic basis of HD involves the abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the huntingtin(HTT)gene,leading to the expansion of a polyglutamine repeat in the HTT *** HTT carrying the expanded polyglutamine repeat undergoes misfolding and forms aggregates in the brain,which precipitate selective neuronal loss in specific brain *** models play an important role in elucidating the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as HD and in identifying potential therapeutic *** to the marked species differences between rodents and larger animals,substantial efforts have been directed toward establishing large animal models for HD *** models are pivotal for advancing the discovery of novel therapeutic targets,enhancing effective drug delivery methods,and improving treatment *** have explored the advantages of utilizing large animal models,particularly pigs,in previous *** then,however,significant progress has been made in developing more sophisticated animal models that faithfully replicate the typical pathology of *** the current review,we provide a comprehensive overview of large animal models of HD,incorporating recent findings regarding the establishment of HD knock-in(KI)pigs and their genetic *** also explore the utilization of large animal models in HD research,with a focus on sheep,non-human primates(NHPs),and *** objective is to provide valuable insights into the application of these large animal models for the investigation and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： Huntington's disease Large animal models Sheep Non-human primates Transgenic pigs

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Vision-Based Adaptive Prescribed-Time Control of UAV for Uncooperative Target Tracking with Performance Constraint

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第5期37卷 1956-1977页

作者： SHE Xuehua MA Hui REN Hongru LI Hongyi School of Automation and the guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Intelligent Decision and Cooperative Control Guangdong University of Technology School of Mathematics and Statistics Guangdong University of Technology College of Electronic and Information Engineering and Chongqing key laboratory of Generic Technology and System of Service Robots Southwest University

This paper discusses the uncooperative target tracking control problem for the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) under the performance constraint and scaled relative velocity constraint, in which the states of the uncooperative target can only be estimated through a vision sensor. Considering the limited detection range, a prescribed performance function is designed to ensure the transient and steady-state performances of the tracking system. Meanwhile, the scaled relative velocity constraint in the dynamic phase is taken into account, and a time-varying nonlinear transformation is used to solve the constraint problem, which not only overcomes the feasibility condition but also fails to violate the constraint boundaries. Finally, the practically prescribed-time stability technique is incorporated into the controller design procedure to guarantee that all signals within the closed-loop system are *** is proved that the UAV can follow the uncooperative target at the desired relative position within a prescribed time, thereby improving the applicability of the vision-based tracking approach. Simulation results have been presented to prove the validity of the proposed control strategy.

关键词： Nonlinear transformation performance constraint prescribed-time tracking uncooperative target vision-based measurement

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