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Testosterone replacement therapy and vascular thromboembolic events: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 144-154页

作者： Rossella Cannarella Carmelo Gusmano Claudia Leanza Vincenzo Garofalo Andrea Crafa Federica Barbagallo Rosita A Condorelli Sandro La Vignera Aldo E Calogero department of Clinical and experimental Medicine University of CataniaCatania 95123Italy Glickman Urological&Kidney Institute Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH44195USA

To evaluate the relationship between testosterone replacement therapy(TRT)and arterial and/or venous thrombosis in patients with pre-treatment total testosterone(TT)<12 nmol I^(-1),we performed a meta-analysis followi... 详细信息

To evaluate the relationship between testosterone replacement therapy(TRT)and arterial and/or venous thrombosis in patients with pre-treatment total testosterone(TT)del.Population:men with TTdeep vein thrombosis[DVT],portal vein thrombosis,splenic thrombosis,and pulmonary embolism),and mortality.A total of 2423 abstracts were assessed for eligibility.Twenty-four studies,including 14 randomized controlled trials(RCTs),were finally included,with a total of 4027 and 310288 hypotestosteronemic male patients,from RCTs and from observational studies,respectively.Based on RCT-derived data,TRT did not influence the risk of arterial thrombosis(odds ratio[OR]=1.27,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.47-3.43,P=0.64),stroke(OR=1.34,95%CI:0.09-18.97,P=0.83),MI(OR=0.51,95%CI:0.11-2.31,P=0.39),VTE(OR=1.42,95%CI:0.22-9.03,P=0.71),pulmonary embolism(OR=1.38,95%CI:0.27-7.04,P=0.70),and mortality(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.20-2.38,P=0.56).Meanwhile,when only observational studies are considered,a significant reduction in the risk of developing arterial thrombotic events,Ml,venous thromboembolism,and mortality was observed.The risk for DVT remains uncertain,due to the paucity of RCT-based data.TRT in men with TTded.

关键词： hypogonadism testosterone testosterone replacement therapy thromboembolism thrombosis TRT

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Liver transplantation and liver resection as alternative treatments for primary hepatobiliary and secondary liver tumors: Competitors or allies?

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 111-116页

作者： Jan Lerut Institute for experimental and Clinical Research(IREC) Universitécatholique Louvain(UCL)Avenue Hippocrate 561200 Woluwe Saint PierreBrusselsBelgium

Although Starzl designed in the 1960’s liver transplantation(LT)to treat unresectable primary and also secondary liver tumors,transplantation still occupies a(too)small place in the respective therapeutic algorithms[1].Due to the lack of(any)selection criteria,the concept of transplantation became rapidly challenged because of the prohibitively high incidence of tumor recurrence[1–3].

关键词： liver tumors Liver

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Rumen microbial degradation of bromoform from red seaweed(Asparagopsis taxiformis)and the impact on rumen fermentation and methanogenic archaea

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 412-426页

作者： Pedro Romero Alejandro Belanche Elisabeth Jiménez Rafael Hueso Eva Ramos-Morales Joan King Salwen Ermias Kebreab David R.Yáñez-Ruiz Estacion experimental del Zaidin Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)Profesor Albareda 1Granada 18008Spain department of Animal Production and Food Sciences University of ZaragozaMiguel Servet 177Saragossa 50013Spain Blue Ocean Barns Inc. Redwood CityCAUSA department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95618USA

Background The red macroalgae Asparagopsis is an effective methanogenesis inhibitor due to the presence of halogenated methane(CH_(4))analogues,primarily bromoform(CHBr_(3)).This study aimed to investigate the degradation process of CHBr3 from A taxiformis in the rumen and whether this process is diet-dependent.An in vitro batch culture system was used according to a 2×2 factorial design,assessing two A taxiformis inclusion rates[0(CTL)and 2%DM diet(AT)]and two diets[high-concentrate(HC)and high-forage diet(HF)].Incubations lasted for 72 h and samples of headspace and fermentation liquid were taken at 0,0.5,1,3,6,8,12,16,24,48 and 72 h to assess the pattern of degradation of CHBr_(3) into dibromomethane(CH_(2)Br_(2))and fermentation parameters.Additionally,an in vitro experiment with pure cultures of seven methanogens strains(Methanobrevibacter smithii,Methanobrevibacter ruminantium,Methanosphaera stadtmanae,Methanosarcina barkeri,Methanobrevibacter millerae,Methanorhermobacter wolfei and Methanobacterium mobile)was conducted to test the effects of increasing concentrations of CHBr3(0.4,2,10and 50μmol/L).Results The addition of AT significantly decreased CH_(4) production(P=0.002)and the acetate:propionate ratio(P=0.003)during a 72-h incubation.The concentrations of CHBr_(3) showed a rapid decrease with nearly 90%degraded within the first 3 h of incubation.On the contrary,CH_(2)Br_(2) concentration quickly increased during the first 6 h and then gradually decreased towards the end of the incubation.Neither CHBr_(3) degradation nor CH_(2)Br_(2) synthesis were affected by the type of diet used as substrate,suggesting that the fermentation rate is not a driving factor involved in CHBr_(3)degradation.The in vitro culture of methanogens showed a dose-response effect of CHBr3 by inhibiting the growth of M.smithii,M.ruminantium,M.stadtmanae,M.barkeri,M.millerae,M.wolfei,and M.mobile.Conclusions The present work demonstrated that CHBr_(3) from A.taxiformis is quickly degraded to CH_(2)Br_(2)in the rumen and that the ferm

关键词： Bromoform metabolism Dibromomethane metabolism Methane mitigation Methanogens Rumen microbiota Seaweed

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Investigation of surface textures deterioration on pavement skid-resistance using hysteresis friction models and numerical simulation method

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 745-779页

作者： Haoyuan LUO Siyu CHEN Leyi ZHU Xiyin LIU Yangzezhi ZHENG Runming ZHAO Xiaoming HUANG School of Transportation Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China National demonstration Center for experimental Education of Road and Traffic Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China

Many rubber friction theories or some method combined theories and field-experiments are employed to evaluate the pavement skid-resistance deterioration due to the evolution of surface textures.However,these methods are difficult to be implemented in the analysis of situations with multi-factor coupling and some extreme conditions.This study developed a framework to evaluate the skid-resistance deterioration of asphalt pavements.In this framework,the portable laser scanning was used to create the digital worn pavement model,and a hydroplaning finite element(FE)model for these digital worn pavements was constructed to evaluate coupling effects of the texture evolution and factors of slip ratio,slip angle,velocity and water film on braking-cornering characteristics of tire.In this study,the deterioration of skid-resistance of five typical asphalt pavements due the surface texture wear was systematically investigated by this framework.Compared with previous works,this study established the rubber friction models for each digital worn pavement considering the energy hysteresis of rubber and the power spectrum density of surface texture.And the rubber friction model was used to define the interaction behaviors between the tire and corresponding wore pavements in the FE hydroplaning model,rather than using an empirical friction model or a fixed friction coefficient.

关键词： worn pavement skid-resistance friction coefficient textures evolution water film computer numerical simulation

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Ornithine aspartate effects on bacterial composition and metabolic pathways in a rat model of steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 832-842页

作者： Elisa Carolina Lange Pabulo Henrique Rampelotto Larisse Longo Laura Bainy Rodrigues de Freitas Carolina Uribe-Cruz Mario Reis Alvares-da-Silva experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-007Brazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-007Brazil Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Facility Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 91501-970Brazil Graduate Program in Biological Sciences:Pharmacology and Therapeutics Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-007Brazil Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Católica de las MisionesPosadasMisiones 3300Argentina Division of Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-007RSBrazil Conselho Nacional de desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)researcher Brasília 71605-001Brazil

BACKGROUND Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome.Studies suggest ornithine aspartate(LOLA)as drug therapy.AIM To analyze the influence of LOLA intake on gut microbiota using a nutritional model of MASLD.METHODS Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into three groups:Control(10 rats fed with a standard diet),MASLD(10 rats fed with a high-fat and choline-deficient diet),and LOLA(10 rats receiving 200 mg/kg/d LOLA,after the 16th week receiving high-fat and choline-deficient diet).After 28 wk of the experiment,animals were euthanized,and feces present in the intestine were collected.Following fecal DNA extraction,the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified followed by sequencing in an Ion S5™system.RESULTS Alpha and beta diversity metrics were comparable between MASLD and LOLA.3 OTUs were differentially abundant between MASLD and LOLA,which belong to the species Helicobacter rodentium,Parabacteroides goldsteinii,and Parabacteroides distasonis.The functional prediction provided two different metabolic profiles between MASLD and LOLA.The 9 pathways differentially abundant in MASLD are related to a change in energy source,adenosine/purine nucleotides degradation as well as guanosine and adenosine deoxyribonucleotides biosynthesis.The 14 pathways differentially abundant in LOLA are associated with four major metabolic functions primarily influenced by L-aspartate,including tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways,purine/guanosine nucleotides biosynthesis,pyrimidine ribonucleotides biosynthesis and salvage as well as lipid IVA biosynthesis.CONCLUSION Although LOLA had no influence on alpha and beta diversity in this nutritional model of MASLD,it was associated with changes in specific gut microbes and their related metabolic pathways.

关键词： Animal model Gut microbiota Metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease Metabolic prediction Ornithine aspartate

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Review of Moirésuperconductivity and application of the Roeser-Huber formula

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 9-28页

作者： Michael R.Koblischka Anjela Koblischka-Veneva Institute of experimental Physics Saarland UniversityCampus C 6366123 SaarbrückenGermany

Moirésuperconductivity represents a new class of superconducting materials since the discovery of superconductivity in magic‐angle(1.1°)twisted bi‐layer graphene(MATBG),forming a Moirélattice with a much bigger crystal parameter as the original lattice constant of graphene.Hence,experimentally changing the Moirétwist angle,0.93°≤Θ≤1.27,leads to a variation of the superconducting properties and enables a new way of engineering 2D superconducting materials.details of the robust superconducting state of MATBG as function of charge carrier density,temperature and applied magnetic fields are reviewed.The influence of the top/bottom hexagonal boron nitride layer thickness on the superconducting properties of MATBG was also demonstrated in the literature.In all fabricated MATBG devices,changing of the charge carrier density leads to the appearance of insulating,metallic and even ferromagnetic states,which separate several superconducting domes in the phase diagram(longitudinal resistance,Rxx,as function of temperature T and charge carrier density,n).Further works have considered MATBG combined with WSe2‐layers,twisted bi‐layer WSe2,magic‐angle trilayer graphene(MATTG),and most recently,four‐layer(MAT4G)and five‐layer(MAT5G)stacks.The differences between the layered,cuprate high‐Tc superconductors and the Moirésuperconductors are compiled together.The collected information is then used to apply the Roeser‐Huber formalism to Moiré‐type superconductivity to calculate the superconducting transition temperature,Tc,using only information of the Moirélattice and the electronic configuration.To account for the different charge carrier densities in the experimental data sets and the low charge carrier mass demands that a new parameterηmust be introduced to the Roeser‐Huber formalism to enable the description of several superconducting domes found in the phase diagram for a given Moiréangle.Doing so,the calculated data fit well to the correlation curve defined within the Roeser‐Huber formalism.

关键词： MoiréSuperconductors Twisted bilayer graphene Magic angle Multilayer graphene stacks Superconducting transition temperature Roeser‐Huber formalism

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Hole-Doped Nonvolatile and Electrically Controllable Magnetism in van der Waals Ferroelectric Heterostructures

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第5期41卷 107-119页

作者：姜新新王智宽李冲孙雪莲杨磊李冬梅崔彬刘德胜 School of Physics National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics EducationShandong UniversityJinan 250100China School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Electrical control of magnetism in van der Waals semiconductors is a promising step towards development of two-dimensional spintronic devices with ultralow power consumption for processing and storing information.Here, we propose a design for two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures(vdWHs) that can host ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism simultaneously under hole doping. By contacting an In Se monolayer and forming an InSe/In_(2)Se_(3) vd WH, the switchable built-in electric field from the reversible out-of-plane polarization enables robust control of the band alignment. Furthermore, switching between the two ferroelectric states(P_↑ and P_↓)of hole-doped In_(2)Se_(3) with an external electric field can interchange the ON and OFF states of the nonvolatile magnetism. More interestingly, doping concentration and strain can effectively tune the magnetic moment and polarization energy. Therefore, this provides a platform for realizing multiferroics in ferroelectric heterostructures,showing great potential for use in nonvolatile memories and ferroelectric field-effect transistors.

关键词： polarization ferroelectric doping

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Effectively modulating spatial vortex four-wave mixing in a diamond atomic system

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 473-478页

作者：巴诺姜明奇费金友王丹蒋海林王磊王海华 National demonstration Center for experimental Physics Education College of PhysicsJilin Normal UniversitySiping 136000China College of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Due to the spatial characteristics of orbital angular momentum,vortex fields can be applied in the fields of quantum storage and quantum information.We study the realization of spatially modulated vortex fields based on four-wave mixing in a four-level atomic system with a diamond structure.The intensity and spiral phase of the vortex field are effectively transferred to the generated four-wave mixing field.By changing the detuning of the probe field,the phase and intensity of the generated vertex four-wave mixing field can be changed.When the probe field takes a large detuning value,the spatial distribution of the intensity and phase of the vertex four-wave mixing field can be effectively tuned by adjusting the Rabi frequency or detuning value of the coupled field.At the same time,we also provide a detailed explanation based on the dispersion relationship,and the results agree well with our simulation results.

关键词： coherent optical effects four-wave mixing orbital angular momentum

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Climate change impacts on eutrophication in the Po River(Italy):Temperature-mediated reduction in nitrogen export but no effect on phosphorus

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 148-163页

作者： Elisa Soana Maria Pia Gervasio Tommaso Granata Daniela Colombo Giuseppe Castaldelli department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences University of FerraraVia Luigi Borsari 4644121 FerraraItaly CESI-Italian Electrical and Technical experimental Center via Rubattino 5420134MilanoItaly

Rivers worldwide are under stress from eutrophication and nitrate pollution,but the ecological consequences overlap with climate change,and the resulting interactions may be unexpected and still unexplored.The Po River basin(northern Italy)is one of the most agriculturally productive and densely populated areas in Europe.It remains unclear whether the climate change impacts on the thermal and hydrological regimes are already affecting nutrient dynamics and transport to coastal areas.The present work addresses the long-term trends(1992-2020)of nitrogen and phosphorus export by investigating both the annual magnitude and the seasonal patterns and their relationship with water temperature and discharge trajectories.despite the constant diffuse and point sources in the basin,a marked decrease(-20%)in nitrogen export,mostly as nitrate,was recorded in the last decade compared to the 1990 s,while no significant downward trend was observed for phosphorus.The water temperature of the Po River has warmed,with the most pronounced signals in summer(+0.13℃/year)and autumn(+0.16℃/year),together with the strongest increase in the number of warm days(+70%-80%).An extended seasonal window of warm temperatures and the persistence of low flow periods are likely to create favorable conditions for permanent nitrate removal via denitrification,resulting in a lower delivery of reactive nitrogen to the sea.The present results show that climate change-driven warming may enhance nitrogen processing by increasing respiratory river metabolism,thereby reducing export from spring to early autumn,when the risk of eutrophication in coastal zones is higher.

关键词： Nutrient export Eutrophication Climate change Water temperature denitrification Po River

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Metadherin-driven promotion of cancer stem cell phenotypes and its effect on immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2624-2628页

作者： Nevena Todorović Amedeo Amedei department of experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Clinic for Infectious and Tropical Diseases University Clinical Centre of SerbiaBelgrade 11000Serbia

In this editorial we provide commentary on the article published by Wang et al,featured in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology in 2024.We focus on the metadherin(MTDH),also known as astrocyte elevated gene-1 or lysine rich CEACAM1,and its effects on cancer stem cells(CSCs)and immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC is the most common primary liver cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Most HCC cases develop in the context of liver cirrhosis.Among the pivotal mechanisms of carcinogenesis are gene mutations,dysregulation of diverse signaling pathways,epigenetic alterations,hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocarcinogenesis,chronic inflammation,impact of tumor microenvironment,oxidative stress.Over the years,extensive research has been conducted on the MTDH role in various tumor pathologies,such as lung,breast,ovarian,gastric,hepatocellular,colorectal,renal carcinoma,neuroblastoma,melanoma,and leukemias.Specifically,its involvement in tumor development processes including transformation,apoptosis evasion,angiogenesis,invasion,and metastasis via multiple signaling pathways.It has been demonstrated that knockdown or knockout of MTDH disrupt tumor development and metastasis.In addition,numerous reports have been carried out regarding the MTDH influence on HCC,demonstrating its role as a predictor of poor prognosis,aggressive tumor phenotypes prone to metastasis and recurrence,and exhibiting significant potential for therapy resistance.Finally,more studies finely investigated the influence of MTDH on CSCs.The CSCs are a small subpopulation of tumor cells that sharing traits with normal stem cells like self-renewal and differentiation abilities,alongside a high plasticity that alters their phenotype.Beyond their presumed role in tumor initiation,they can drive also disease relapse,metastasis,and resistance to chemo and radiotherapy.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Metadherin Astrocyte elevated gene-1 Lysine rich

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