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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 106-108页

作者： Gloria Garavito-de Egea Alex Dominguez-Vargas Jorg e l.Velez Gustavo Aroca Luis Fagng Elkin Navarro-Quiroz Zilac Espitaleta Kenny del Toro-Camargo Leticia Martinez-Ariza Tatiana Gonzalez-Vargas Susana Garcia Mauricio Arcos-Burgos Eduardo Egea Universidad del Norte Division Ciencias de la SaludBarranquillaColombia Universidad Simon Bolivar Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludBarranquillaColombia Clinica de la Costa Grupo de Investigacion en NefrologiaBarranquillaColombia Universidad de Antioquia Grupo de Investigacion en Psiquiatria(GIPSI)Departamento de PsiquiatriaInstituto de Investigaciones MedicasFacultad de MedicinaMedellinColombia

Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)have identified hundreds of loci across the human genome conferring susceptibility to autoimmune diseases(AIDs),some of which are shared between more than two diseases.However,thi... 详细信息

关键词： susceptibility diseases diabetes

Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system after transplantation: implications for advanced cell therapy in the retina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 542-547页

作者： María Norte-Muñoz David García-Bernal Diego García-Ayuso Manuel Vidal-Sanz Marta Agudo-Barriuso grupo de Investigación oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain grupo de Investigación Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia celular Departamento de Bioquímica e Inmunología.Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain

Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are widely investigated in preclinical models.Mesenchymal stromal cells are well positioned as therapeutics because they address the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration,namely trophic factor deprivation and neuroinflammation.Most studies have focused on the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation on neuronal survival or functional improvement.However,little attention has been paid to the interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells and the host immune system due to the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells and the long-held belief of the immunoprivileged status of the central nervous system.Here,we review the crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system in general and in the context of the central nervous system,focusing on recent work in the retina and the importance of the type of transplantation.

关键词： adaptive immunity cell therapy central nervous system immune system innate immunity mesenchymal stromal cells neuroregeneration preclinical studies retina transplantation

Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A critical review

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 139-145页

作者： Wellington Andraus Francisco Tustumi Alexandre Chagas Santana Rafael Soares Nunes Pinheiro Daniel Reis Waisberg Liliana Ducatti Lopes Rubens Macedo Arantes Vinicius Rocha Santos Rodrigo Bronze de Martino Luiz Augusto Carneiro D’Albuquerque department of Gastroenterology Transplantation UnitUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil

Background:Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(phCCC)is a dismal malignancy.There is no consensus regard-ing the best treatment for patients with unresectable phCCC.The present review aimed to gather the current pieces of evidence for liver transplantation and liver resection as a treatment for phCCC and to build better guidance for clinical practice.Data sources:The search was conducted in PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,and LILACS.The related references were searched manually.Inclusion criteria were:reports in English or Portuguese literature that a)patients with confirmed diagnosis of phCCC;b)patients treated with a curative intent;c)patients with the outcomes of liver resection and liver transplantation.Case reports,reviews,letters,editorials,conference abstracts and papers with full-text unavailability were excluded from the analysis.Results:Most of the current literature is based on observational retrospective studies with low grades of evidence.Liver resection has better long-term outcomes than systemic chemotherapy or palliation ther-apy and liver transplantation is a good alternative for selected patients with unresectable phCCC.All candidates for resection or transplantation should be medically fit and free of intrahepatic or extrahep-atic diseases.As a general rule,patients presenting with a tumor having a longitudinal size>3 cm or extending below the cystic duct,lymph node disease,confirmed extrahepatic dissemination;intraoper-atively diagnosed metastatic disease;a history of other malignancies within the last five years,and did not complete chemoradiation regimen and were medically unfit should not be considered for transplan-tation.Some of these criteria should be individually assessed.Liver transplantation or resection should only be considered in highly experienced hepatobiliary centers,and any decision-making must be based on a multidisciplinary evaluation.Conclusions:phCCC is a complex condition with high morbidity.Surgical therapies,including hepatec-tomy and liver transplantation,are the best option for bette

关键词： Liver transplantation Cholangiocarcinoma Liver neoplasms

Role of Air Staging in a Batch-Type Fixed Bed Biomass Combustor under Constant Primary Air

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 284-299页

作者： Awais JUNEJo Yasir M.AL-ABdeLI Jacobo PoRTEIRo School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia CINTECX Universidade de Vigo Grupo de Tecnoloxia Enerxetica(GTE)36310 VigoEspana

Staged combustion of biomass is the most suitable thermo-chemical conversion for achieving lower gaseous emissions and higher fuel conversion rates.In a staged fixed bed combustion of biomass,combustion air is supplied in two stages.In the first stage,primary air is provided below the fuel,whereas in the later stage,secondary air is supplied in the freeboard region.The available literature on the effects of air staging(secondary air location) at a constant primary air flow rate on combustion characteristics in a batch-type fixed bed combustor is limited and hence warrants further investigations.This study resolves the effect of air staging,by varying the location of secondary air in the freeboard at five secondary to total air ratios in a batch-type fixed bed combustor.Results are reported for the effects of these controlled parameters on fuel conversion rate,overall gaseous emissions(Co_(2),Co and No_x) and temperature distributions.The fuel used throughout was densified hardwood pellets.Results show that a primary freeboard length(distance between fuel bed top and secondary air injection) of200 mm has higher fuel conversion rates and temperatures as well as lower Co emissions,at a secondary to total air ratio of 0.75 as compared to primary freeboard length of 300 mm.However,No_x emissions were found to be lower for a primary freeboard length of 300 mm as compared to 200 mm.An increase in secondary to total air ratio from 0.33 to 0.75 resulted in higher freeboard temperatures and lower Co as well as No_x emissions.The outcomes of this study will be helpful in the effective design of commercial scale biomass combustors for more efficient and environmentally friendly combustion.

关键词： fixed bed combustor biomass combustion air staging freeboard temperature burning rate gaseous emissions

Assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in primary tumors and paired lymph node metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal oncology 2024年第3期16卷 883-893页

作者： Brendha Cação Coimbra Marina Alessandra Pereira Leonardo Cardili Venancio Avancini Ferreira Alves Evandro Sobroza de Mello Ulysses Ribeiro Jr Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos department of Gastroenterology Instituto do CancerHospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246000Brazil department of Pathology Instituto do CancerHospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246000Brazil

BACKGRoUND Anti-programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1)immuno-therapy has demonstrated promising results on gastric cancer(GC).However,PD-L1 can express differently between metastatic sites and primary tumors(PT).AIM To compare PD-L1 status in PT and matched lymph node metastases(LNM)of GC patients and to determine the correlation between the PD-L1 status and clinicopathological characteristics.METHoDS We retrospectively reviewed 284 GC patients who underwent D2-gastrectomy.PD-L1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry(clone SP142)using the com-bined positive score.All PD-L1+PT staged as pN+were also tested for PD-L1 expression in their LNM.PD-L1(-)GC with pN+served as the comparison group.RESULTS Among 284 GC patients included,45 had PD-L1+PT and 24 of them had pN+.For comparison,44 PD-L1(-)cases with pN+were included(sample loss of 4 cases).of the PD-L1+PT,54.2%(13/24 cases)were also PD-L1+in the LNM.Regarding PD-L1(-)PT,9.1%(4/44)had PD-L1+in the LNM.The agreement between PT and LNM had a kappa value of 0.483.Larger tumor size and moderate/severe peritumoral inflammatory response were associated with PD-L1 positivity in both sites.There was no statistical difference in overall survival for PT and LNM according to the PD-L1 status(P=0.166 and P=0.837,respectively).CoNCLUSIoN Intra-patient heterogeneity in PD-L1 expression was observed between the PT and matched LNM.This disagreement in PD-L1 status may emphasize the importance of considering different tumor sites for analyses to select patients for immunotherapy.

关键词： Gastric cancer Lymph node Programmed death ligand 1 Stomach neoplasms Immunohistochemistry Metastasis

Annual variation of adult survival of a south-temperate House Wren population in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 229-237页

作者： Gustavo J.Fernandez Mariana E.Carro Paulo E.Llambías grupo de Investigacion en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestre INIBIOMA-CONICETAsentamiento Universitario San Martín de los Andes(AUSMA)Universidad Nacional Del ComahuePasaje de la Paz 235(8370)San Martín de los AndesNeuquenArgentina grupo de Investigacion de Biología de Aves IADIZA CCT-MendozaUniversidad Nacional de CuyoAvenida RuizLeal s/n Parque General San Martin5500MendozaArgentina

Identifying factors affecting the survival of individuals is essential for understanding the evolution of life-history traits and population dynamics.despite numerous studies on this subject in north-temperate environments,there is a lack of equivalent studies at similar latitudes in the south.Here,we used a 14-year dataset of capture,banding,and resighting to estimate the annual variation in the apparent adult survival probability of a south-temperate population of House Wrens(Troglodytes aedon bonariae).We evaluated temporal variation in sur-vival and the effect of environmental(climatic)and demographic variables(adult abundance,total number of fledglings produced during each breeding season)on survival estimators.We found that the probability of adult survival decreased as the abundance of breeding adults increased.This density-dependent effect could be related to the resident lifestyle of southern House Wrens,which could determine an intense competition for territories and resources that ultimately would affect their survival.

关键词： Annual variation CJS density-dependence Survival Troglodytes aedon bonariae

origin and diversification of maize: Two teosintes but different contributions

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 233-235页

作者： Jonathan Acosta-Bayona Gloria Leon-Martinez Jean-Philippe Vielle-Calzada grupo de desarrollo Reproductivo y Apomixis UGA Laboratorio Nacional de Genomica para la BiodiversidadCinvestav IrapuatoIrapuato Gto CP36825Mexico

The unique topographic,climatic,and latitudinal heterogeneity of Mesoamerica is crucial to understanding the evolutionary emergence of one of the richest cultural and biological regions in the planet and its impact on food production.Broadly divided between two regions of large biodiversity-lowland tropical or coastal zones and temperate or subtropical highlands sculpted by parallel sierras and their central plateau-the Mexican territory harbors more than 2000 endemic monocotyledonous species,including several hundred grasses(Poaceae),particularly those belonging to the genus Zea,composed of maize(Zea mays ssp.mays)and its wild relatives,collectively referred as teosintes.

关键词： collective planet harbor

Gustatory responsiveness in Vespula germanica workers:exploring the interplay between sensory perception and task specialization

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 587-598页

作者： Analia Mattiacci Carolina Mengoni Gonalons MaitéMasciocchi Juan C.Corley grupo de Ecologia de Poblaciones de Insectos IFAB(CONICETINTA EEA Bariloche)BarilocheArgentina departamento de Ecologia Centro Regional Universitario BarilocheUniversidad Nacional Del ComahueBarilocheArgentina departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia Experimental Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Workers'task specialization and division of labor are critical features of social insects'ecological success.It has been proposed that the division of labor relies on response threshold models:individuals varying their sensitivity(and responsiveness)to biologically relevant stimuli and performing a specific task when a stimulus exceeds an internal threshold.In this work,we study carbohydrate and protein responsiveness and their relation to worker task specialization in Vespula germanica,an invasive social wasp.The sucrose and peptone responsiveness of two different subcastes,preforagers and foragers,was determined by stimulating the antenna of the wasps with increasing concentrations of the solution and quantifying whether each concentration elicited a licking response.We studied responsiveness in five different ways:(1)response threshold,(2)concentration 50(concentration to which at least 50%of wasps responded),(3)maximum response,(4)mean scores and(5)median scores.our results suggest that V germanica foragers are more sensitive to sucrose(lower thresholds)than preforager workers.However,we found no differences for peptone thresholds(i.e.,a protein resource).Nonetheless,this is the first study to investigate response thresholds for protein resources.The intercaste variation in sucrose responsiveness shown in our work contributes to the existing knowledge about response threshold theory as a mechanism for task specialization observed in V germanica.

关键词： carbohydrates responsiveness division of labor protein responsiveness response thresholds models social insect yellow jacket

Taurine: a promising nutraceutic in the prevention of retinal degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 606-610页

作者： Diego García-Ayuso Johnny Di Pierdomenico Ana Martínez-Vacas Manuel Vidal-Sanz Serge Picaud María PVillegas-Pérez grupo de Investigación oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la SaludMurciaEspaña Sorbonne Université INSERMCNRSInstitut de la VisionParisFrance

Taurine is considered a non-essential amino acid because it is synthesized by most mammals.However,dietary intake of taurine may be necessary to achieve the physiological levels required for the development,maintenance,and function of certain tissues.Taurine may be especially important for the retina.The concentration of taurine in the retina is higher than that in any other tissue in the body and taurine deficiency causes retinal oxidative stress,apoptosis,and degeneration of photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells.Low plasma taurine levels may also underlie retinal degeneration in humans and therefore,taurine administration could exert retinal neuroprotective effects.Taurine has antioxidant,anti-apoptotic,immunomodulatory,and calcium homeostasis-regulatory properties.This review summarizes the role of taurine in retinal health and disease,where it appears that taurine may be a promising nutraceutical.

关键词： amino acid anti-inflammatory antioxidant gamma-aminobutyric acid nutraceutical photoreceptor degeneration retina retinitis pigmentosa taurine

Benchmarks for Pirá2.0,a Reading Comprehension Dataset about the ocean,the Brazilian Coast,and Climate Change

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Data Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 29-63页

作者： Paulo Pirozelli Marcos M.José Igor Silveira Flávio Nakasato Sarajane M.Peres Anarosa A.F.Brandão Anna H.R.Costa Fabio G.Cozman Universidade de São Paulo Ringgold Standard Institution-Instituto de Estudos Avançados Av.370 São Paulo 05508-900Brazil Universidade de São Paulo Ringgold Standard Institution-Instituto de Matemática e Estatística Av.370 São Paulo 05508-900Brazil Universidade de São Paulo Rua Cayowaá876 apto 141SÃO PAULO 05018-001Brazil Universidade de São Paulo Ringgold Standard Institution Escola Politécnica Av.370São Paulo 05508-900Brazil.

Piráis a reading comprehension dataset focused on the ocean,the Brazilian coast,and climate change,built from a collection of scientific abstracts and reports on these topics.This dataset represents a versatile language resource,particularly useful for testing the ability of current machine learning models to acquire expert scientific knowledge.despite its potential,a detailed set of baselines has not yet been developed for Pirá.By creating these baselines,researchers can more easily utilize Piráas a resource for testing machine learning models across a wide range of question answering tasks.In this paper,we define six benchmarks over the Pirádataset,covering closed generative question answering,machine reading comprehension,information retrieval,open question answering,answer triggering,and multiple choice question answering.As part of this effort,we have also produced a curated version of the original dataset,where we fixed a number of grammar issues,repetitions,and other shortcomings.Furthermore,the dataset has been extended in several new directions,so as to face the aforementioned benchmarks:translation of supporting texts from English into Portuguese,classification labels for answerability,automatic paraphrases of questions and answers,and multiple choice candidates.The results described in this paper provide several points of reference for researchers interested in exploring the challenges provided by the Pirádataset.

关键词： Natural language processing Question answering Benchmarks Language resource Domainoriented dataset Scientific knowledge text dataset