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A procedure to assess the spatial variability in the importance of abiotic factors affecting distributions： the case of world freshwater fishes

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动物学报：英文版 2018年第5期64卷 549-557页

作者： Ana M. MANJARRES-HERNANdeZ Castor GUISANde Emilio GARCiA-ROSELLO Patricia PELAYO-VILLAMIL Jacinto GONZALEZ-DAcOSTA Juirgen HEINE Luis GONZALEZ VILAS Carlos GRANADO-LORENClO Santiago R. DUQUE Jorge M. LOBO alnstituto Amazonico de Investigaciones-IMANI Universidad Nacional de Colombia Leticia A.A. 215 Colombia 910001 Facultad de Ciencias del Mar Universidad de Vigo Vigo 36310 Spain departamento de Informatica Edificio Fundicien Universidad de Vigo Vigo 36310 Spain Grupo de Iciologia Universidad de Antioquia Medellin Colombia 050010 eDepartamento de Biologia Vegetal y Ecologia Facultad de Biologia Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla 41080 Spain departamento de Biogeografia y Cambio Global Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC) Calle de Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2 Madrid 28006 Spain

Understanding the factors shaping species' distributions is a key longstanding topic in ecology with unresolved issues. The aims were to test whether the relative contribution of abiotic factors that set the geographical range of freshwater fish species may vary spatially and/or may depend on the geographical extent that is being considered. The relative contribution of factors, to discriminate between the conditions prevailing in the area where the species is present and those existing in the considered extent, was estimated with the instability index included in the R package SPEDInstabR. We used 3 different extent sizes: 1) each river basin where the species is present (local); 2) all river basins where the species is present (regional); and 3) the whole Earth (global). We used a data set of 16,543 freshwater fish species with a total of 845,764 geographical records, together with bioclimatic and topographic variables. Factors associated with temperature and altitude show the highest relative contribution to explain the distribution of freshwater fishes at the smaller considered extent. Altitude and a mix of factors associated with temperature and precipitation were more important when using the regional extent. Factors associated with precipitation show the highest contribution when using the global extent. There was also spatial variability in the importance of factors, both between species and within species and from region to region. Factors associated with precipitation show a clear latitudinal trend of decreasing in importance toward the equator.

关键词：空间可变性淡水鱼估计生活盒子世界地理范围相对贡献

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Protein synthesis modulation as a therapeutic approach for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1423-1430页

作者： Santiago E.Charif M.Florencia Vassallu Lara Salvañal Lionel M.Igaz IFIBIO Houssay Grupo de Neurociencia de SistemasFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos Aires-CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina

Protein synthesis is essential for cells to perform life metabolic processes.Pathological alterations of protein content can lead to particular diseases.Cells have an intrinsic array of mechanisms and pathways that are activated when protein misfolding,accumulation,aggregation or mislocalization occur.Some of them(like the unfolded protein response)represent complex interactions between endoplasmic reticulum sensors and elongation factors that tend to increase expression of chaperone proteins and/or repress translation in order to restore protein homeostasis(also known as proteostasis).This is even more important in neurons,as they are very susceptible to harmful effects associated with protein overload and proteostatic mechanisms are less effective with age.Several neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,and Huntington’s diseases,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia exhibit a particular molecular signature of distinct,unbalanced protein overload.In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia,the majority of cases present intracellular inclusions of ubiquitinated transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa(TDP-43).TDP-43 is an RNA binding protein that participates in RNA metabolism,among other functions.Dysregulation of TDP-43(e.***.aggregation and mislocalization)can dramatically affect neurons,and this has been linked to disease development.Expression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia TDP-43-related mutations in cellular and animal models has been shown to recapitulate key features of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia disease spectrum.These variants can be causative of degeneration onset and progression.Most neurodegenerative diseases(including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia)have no cure at the moment;however,modulating translation has recently emerged as an attractive approach that can be performed at several steps(i.***.regulating activation of initiation and elongation factors

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis frontotemporal dementia neurodegeneration neurodegenerative diseases protein imbalance protein synthesis modulation proteostasis therapeutical compounds transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa translation unfolded protein response

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Building geometry data from online maps for accurate thermal simulations of districts

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建筑模拟(英文) 2023年第9期16卷 1659-1674页

作者： Laura Romero Rodríguez JoséSánchez Ramos ServandoÁlvarez Domínguez grupo Termotecnia.departamento de Máquinas y Motores Térmicos University of CádizPuerto RealCádizSpain grupo Termotecnia.departamento de Ingenieria Energética University of SevilleSevilleSpain

Current approaches for simulating the energy performance of buildings on a large scale are limited by numerous assumptions and simplifications,which can lead to inaccurate estimations.While new tools and procedures are emerging to improve accuracy,there remains a need for more user-friendly methods.This study proposes a new tool based on online maps to create the geometry of districts in a simple way.The tool also enables an automatic evaluation of all buildings through dynamic hourly simulations,using a building simulation software and allowing to consider different weather conditions.To illustrate the procedure,a district at risk of energy poverty in Seville(Spain)is modeled,where hourly temperature data for a whole year are available to demonstrate the need for building improvements.The tool is used to evaluate the energy demands of the district under several retrofitting alternatives,and free-floating simulations are also performed to evaluate the improvement of thermal comfort without air-conditioning systems.The aim is not to discuss the actual values for this particular case,but rather to identify the correct direction for large-scale studies,so as to make them more easily conducted.Overall,it may be concluded that the results provided by comprehensive tools,such as the one proposed in this study,enable easy yet accurate evaluations of buildings on a large scale with significant time savings,as well as the identification of locations where retrofitting interventions would have the greatest impact.

关键词： buildings districts energy demand efficiency GIS urban scale

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Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Co- and Mn-codoped ZnO by density Functional Theory

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Chinese Physics Letters 2016年第9期33卷 108-111页

作者： A.Stashans K.Rivera grupo de Fisicoquimica de Materiales Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja

Zinc oxide crystal containing intrinsic oxygen vacancy defect as well as codoped with Mn and Co impurities is studied using density functional theory （DFT） calculations. An intra-atomic interaction term for the strongly correlated d-electrons by an unrestricted Hartree-Fock approximation （DFT＋U method） is introduced to more precisely describe the system under study. The electronic and magnetic properties are investigated and discussed in detail. In particular, it is found that relative defect positions might influence the outcome if the material exhibits or not the n-type electrical conductivity.

关键词： ZnO of and Mn-codoped ZnO by density Functional Theory by for been in Mn

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Therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis in patients: A retrospective cross-sectional study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第7期16卷 305-312页

作者： Nicolás Rozo Montoya Juliana Quintero Pulgarín Liliana López Carvajal grupo de Investigación Clínica PECET(GIC-PECET) Universidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia

Objective:To analyze the therapeutic response and safety of different treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis,received by patients in the Program for the Study and Control of Tropical Diseases-PECET-Medellín-Colombia.Methods:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients attended at PECET Research Center during 2016-2021.Relevant information regarding sociodemographic characteristics,history of leishmaniasis,characterization of current infection,treatment received,follow-up of therapeutic response and safety was collected from the medical records.Data were analyzed with Pearson's Chi-square association tests and Mann-Whitney U test using statistical software.Results:A total of 486 clinical records of patients were analyzed,and 356 received treatment.Eight different therapeutic alternatives(systemic,local and in combination)were analyzed.The therapeutic response of the different alternatives used(except thermotherapy)was higher than 50%.Most frequent adverse events were myalgias,arthralgias and headache,and vesicles for systemic and local treatment,respectively.Conclusions:Safety profile and performance of local therapeutic alternatives and combined schemes for the treatment of uncomplicated cutaneous leishmaniasis are an interesting option for the management of the disease.

关键词： Cutaneous leishmaniasis Systemic treatment Local treatment Combined treatment Tropical neglected disease Safety Therapeutic response

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Aldynoglia cells and modulation of RhoGTPase activity as useful tools for spinal cord injury repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第7期11卷 1043-1045页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-Perez Manuel Nieto-Sampedro grupo de Quimica Neuro-Regenerativa Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha (SESCAM) Toledo Spain grupo de Plasticidad Neural Instituto Cajal CSIC Madrid Spain

A combined approach in spinal cord injury （SCI） therapy is the modulation of the cellular and molecular processes involved in glial scarring. Aldaynoglial cells are neural cell precursors with a high capacity to differentiate into neurons, promote axonal growth, wrapping and myelination of resident neurons. These important characteristics of aldaynoglia can be combined with specific inhibition of the RhoGTPase activity in astroglia and microglia that cause reduction of glial proliferation, retraction of glial cell processes and myelin production by oligodendrocytes. Previously we used experimental central nervous system （CNS） injury models, like spinal cord contusion and striatal lacunar infarction and observed that administration of RhoGTPase glycolipid inhibitor or aldaynoglial cells, respectively, produced a significant gain of functional recovery in treated animals. The combined therapy with neuro-regenerative properties strategy is highly desirable to treat SCI for functional potentiation of neurons and oligodendrocytes, resulting in better locomotor recovery. Here we suggest that treatment of spinal lesions with aldaynoglia from new rospheres plus local administration of a RhoGTPase inhibitor could have an additive effect and promote recovery from SCI.

关键词： glial scar astrocyte microglia neurospheres aldaynoglia axonal growth myelination glycosideinhibitor

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Home range variability and philopatry in Cinereous vultures(Aegypius monachus)breeding in Iberia

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 586-592页

作者： Jorge García-Mací Ernesto Alvarez Manuel Galan Juan Jose Iglesias-Lebrija Marc Galvez Gerard Plana Núria Vallverdú Vicente Urios grupo de Investigacion Zoología de Vertebrados Universidad de AlicanteApdo.99E-03080AlicanteSpain GREFA(grupo de Rehabilitacion de la Fauna Autoctonay su Habitat) C/Monte del Pilar S/NE-28220MajadahondaSpain Cos d’Agents Rurals de la Generalitat de Catalunya Spain Associacio Trenca LleidaSpain

Large scavengers are strongly dependent on environmental conditions and carrion distribution and abundance,so season and breeding-related factors may influence the spatial ecology of species such as the Cinereous Vulture(Aegypius monachus),the largest European raptor.Iberia holds one of the biggest populations worldwide,but some aspects of the spatial ecology of the species in this region remain unknown.In this study,17 adult Cinereous Vultures were GPS-tracked in order to study their spatial ecology during the adult phase.The average monthly home ranges(95%Kernel density Estimation,Kde)and core areas(50%Kde)were 6543±19,935 km^(2)and 1174±4004 km^(2),respectively.The average monthly home range fidelity ranged between 50 and 73%.Differences in movement-related variables between the seasonal periods(incubation,chick-rearing and non-breeding)were found.During the chick-rearing period,the monthly accumulated distance was higher than during the other periods:3316±1108(chick-rearing)vs.1621±622(incubation)vs.1726±1159 km per month(nonbreeding).Additionally,large home range sizes were more frequent during the chick-rearing period.There are two likely causes for these seasonal differences.Firstly,chick-rearing entails a higher energetic expenditure by the parental individuals in foraging activities,so larger movements and foraging areas are expected during this period.Secondly,the flight is favoured during spring and summer due to environmental conditions.Matching chick-rearing and warm months is a great evolutionary advantage for soaring-gliding raptors,as it allows them to cover larger areas with low energy expenditure.Furthermore,six individuals tagged as nestlings highlight the philopatric behaviour of the species:vultures settle their breeding areas 54±51 km from their natal nest(range=9–138 km).

关键词： Bird of prey Movement ecology Philopatry Raptor Scavenger

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Flexible foraging decisions made by workers of the social wasp Vespula germanica (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in response to different resources: influence of ontogenetic shifts and colony feedback

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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 581-594页

作者： Analía Mattiacci MaitéMasciocchi Juan C.Corley grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos IFAB(CONICETINTA EEA Bariloche)BarilocheArgentina departamento de Ecología Centro Regional Universitario BarilocheUniversidad Nacional Del ComahueBarilocheArgentina

decisions made by foraging animals conform a complex process based on the integration of information from multiple external environmental stimuli and internal physiological signals,which in turn are modulated by individual experience and a detection threshold of each individual.For social insects in which foraging is limited to given age subcastes,individual foraging decisions may also be affected by ontogenetic shifts and colony requirements.We studied the short-term changes in foraging preferences of the generalist wasp Vespula germanica,focusing on whether the individual response to different resources could be influenced by the ontogenetic shifts and/or by social interaction with nestmates.We carried both laboratory and field experiments to confront worker wasps to a short-term resource switch between either protein or carbohydrate-based foods.We tested the response of(1)Preforager workers(no foraging experience nor interaction with other wasps),(2)Forager workers(experience in foraging and no colony feedback),and(3)Wild forager workers(foraging naturally and exposed to free interactions with nestmates).We evaluated the maxilla-labium extension response(MaLER)for laboratory assays or the landing response for field assays.We observed that for wasps deprived of colony feedback(either preforagers or foragers),the protein-rich foods acceptance threshold increased(and thus a lower level of foraging on that item was observed)if they had foraged on carbohydrates previously,whereas carbohydrates were accepted in all assays.However,wasps immersed in a natural foraging context did accept protein foods regardless of their first foraging experience and reduced the carbohydrates collected when trained on protein foods.We provide evidence that short-term changes in foraging preferences depend on the type of resource foraged and on the social interactions,but not on ontogenetic shifts.

关键词： German wasp invasive species plastic insect behavior response thresholds modulation social insect yellowjackets

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Role of Air Staging in a Batch-Type Fixed Bed Biomass Combustor under Constant Primary Air

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 284-299页

作者： Awais JUNEJO Yasir M.AL-ABdeLI Jacobo PORTEIRO School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia CINTECX Universidade de Vigo Grupo de Tecnoloxia Enerxetica(GTE)36310 VigoEspana

Staged combustion of biomass is the most suitable thermo-chemical conversion for achieving lower gaseous emissions and higher fuel conversion rates.In a staged fixed bed combustion of biomass,combustion air is supplied in two stages.In the first stage,primary air is provided below the fuel,whereas in the later stage,secondary air is supplied in the freeboard region.The available literature on the effects of air staging(secondary air location) at a constant primary air flow rate on combustion characteristics in a batch-type fixed bed combustor is limited and hence warrants further investigations.This study resolves the effect of air staging,by varying the location of secondary air in the freeboard at five secondary to total air ratios in a batch-type fixed bed combustor.Results are reported for the effects of these controlled parameters on fuel conversion rate,overall gaseous emissions(CO_(2),CO and NO_x) and temperature distributions.The fuel used throughout was densified hardwood pellets.Results show that a primary freeboard length(distance between fuel bed top and secondary air injection) of200 mm has higher fuel conversion rates and temperatures as well as lower CO emissions,at a secondary to total air ratio of 0.75 as compared to primary freeboard length of 300 mm.However,NO_x emissions were found to be lower for a primary freeboard length of 300 mm as compared to 200 mm.An increase in secondary to total air ratio from 0.33 to 0.75 resulted in higher freeboard temperatures and lower CO as well as NO_x emissions.The outcomes of this study will be helpful in the effective design of commercial scale biomass combustors for more efficient and environmentally friendly combustion.

关键词： fixed bed combustor biomass combustion air staging freeboard temperature burning rate gaseous emissions

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Forensic data management and database systems in forensic investigations for cases of missing and unidentified persons in Brazil

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 599-608页

作者： Melina Calmon grupo de Pesquisa em Antropologia Forense e Identificação de Pessoas Academia Nacional de Polícia-Polícia Federal do BrasilBrasiliaBrazil

Forensic investigations,especially those related to missing persons and unidentified remains,produce different types of data that must be managed and understood.The data collected and produced are extensive and originate from various sources:the police,non-governmental organizations(NGOs),medical examiner offices,specialised forensic teams,family members,and others.Some examples of information include,but are not limited to,the investigative background information,excavation data of burial sites,antemortem data on missing persons,and postmortem data on the remains of unidentified individuals.These complex data must be stored in a secured place,analysed,compared,shared,and then reported to the investigative actors and the public,especially the families of missing persons,who should be kept informed of the investigation.Therefore,a data management system with the capability of performing the tasks relevant to the goals of the investigation and the identification of an individual,while respecting the deceased and their families,is critical for standardising investigations.Data management is crucial to assure the quality of investigative processes,and it must be recognised as a holistic integrated system.The aim of this article is to discuss some of the most important components of an effective forensic data management system.The discussion is enriched by examples,challenges,and lessons learned from the erratic development and launching of databases for missing and unidentified persons in Brazil.The main objective of this article is to bring attention to the urgent need for an effective and integrated system in Brazil.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic data management database missing persons unidentified persons Brazil

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