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Seabed structures and foundations related to deep-sea resource development:A review based on design and research

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第2期3卷 131-148页

作者： Shengjie Rui Haojie Zhang Hang Xu Xing Zha Mengtao Xu Kanmin Shen Key Laboratory of offshore Geotechnics and Material of Zhejiang Province College of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Advanced Modelling Offshore EnergyNorwegian Geotechnical InstituteOsloNorway Geotechnical technology Center(Overseas Engineering Center) PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation LimitedHangzhouChina

The deep‐sea ground contains a huge amount of energy and mineral resources,for example,oil,gas,and *** infrastructures such as floating structures,seabed structures,and foundations have been developed to exploit these *** seabed structures and foundations can be mainly classified into three types:subsea production structures,offshore pipelines,and *** study reviewed the development,installation,and operation of these infrastructures,including their structures,design,installation,marine environment loads,and *** this basis,the research gaps and further research directions were explored through this literature ***,different floating structures were briefly analyzed and reviewed to introduce the design requirements of the seabed structures and ***,the subsea production structures,including subsea manifolds and their foundations,were reviewed and ***,the basic characteristics and design methods of deep‐sea pipelines,including subsea pipelines and risers,were analyzed and ***,the installation and bearing capacity of deep‐sea subsea anchors and seabed trench influence on the anchor were *** the review,it was found that marine environment conditions are the key inputs for any offshore structure *** fabrication,installation,and operation of infrastructures should carefully consider the marine loads and geological *** structures have their own mechanical *** fatigue and stability of pipelines mainly depend on the soil‐structure *** selection should consider soil types and possible trench *** focuses and research gaps can provide a helpful guide on further research,installation,and operation of deep‐sea structures and foundations.

关键词： anchors floating structures pipelines risers subsea foundations

Predicting impact forces on pipelines from deep-sea fluidized slides:A comprehensive review of key factors

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International Journal of Mining Science and technology 2024年第2期34卷 211-225页

作者： Xingsen Guo Ning Fan Defeng Zheng Cuiwei Fu Hao Wu Yanjun Zhang Xiaolong Song Tingkai Nian State Key Laboratory of Coastal and offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Civil Environmentaland Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of marine Environment and Geological Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China Key Laboratory of Engineering and technology for Soft Soil Foundation and Tideland Reclamation of Zhejiang Province Wenzhou 325035China Zhejiang International Science and technology Cooperation Base of Ultra-soft Soil Engineering and Smart Monitoring Wenzhou 325035China School of Geography Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian 116029China China Railway First Survey and Design Institute group Co. Ltd.Xi’an 710043China Department of Geotechnical Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210024China Wuhan Center China Geological Survey(Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences)Wuhan 430205China State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China

Deep-sea pipelines play a pivotal role in seabed mineral resource development,global energy and resource supply provision,network communication,and environmental ***,the placement of these pipelines on the seabed surface exposes them to potential risks arising from the complex deep-sea hydrodynamic and geological environment,particularly submarine *** incidents have highlighted the substantial damage to pipelines due to ***,deep-sea fluidized slides(in a debris/mud flow or turbidity current physical state),characterized by high speed,pose a significant *** assessing the impact forces exerted on pipelines by fluidized submarine slides is crucial for ensuring pipeline *** study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in understanding pipeline impact forces caused by fluidized deep-sea slides,thereby identifying key factors and corresponding mechanisms that influence pipeline impact *** factors include the velocity,density,and shear behavior of deep-sea fluidized slides,as well as the geometry,stiffness,self-weight,and mechanical model of ***,the interface contact conditions and spatial relations were examined within the context of deep-sea slides and their interactions with *** upon a thorough review of these achievements,future directions were proposed for assessing and characterizing the key factors affecting slide impact loading on pipelines.A comprehensive understanding of these results is essential for the sustainable development of deep-sea pipeline projects associated with seabed resource development and the implementation of disaster prevention measures.

关键词： Deep-sea fluidized slides Pipes Impact forces Shear behavior of slides Interface contact conditions Spatial relation

Feasibility Study on Recovering Human-Occupied Vehicle with An offshore Crane

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第4期38卷 648-662页

作者： HAN Ming-yue XIE Peng XIAN Hao-yi ZHONG Xin-xin CHEN Sheng-lin SUN Tie-rui SUN Feng-lei School of Ocean Engineering and technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Observation of Polar Environment(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China Guangzhou marine Engineering Corporation Guangzhou 510250China

Launching and recovering human-occupied vehicles(HOVs)has always been a challenging *** current recovery process requires staff to manually complete the tethering task,which is inefficient and endangers the lives of *** paper suggests moving the recovery position from the surface to underwater at approximately half the wavelength of the water depth(30−50 m underwater),where the HOV experiences less environmental *** ROV equipped with a ultra-short baseline beacon(USBL)and a manipulator was used to complete the tethering ***,a shackle customized to the shape of the manipulator’s gripper is fitted to the end of the cable to simplify the tethering *** investigate the dynamic response of recovering the HOV using this suggested method,a comprehensive numerical model is developed in this *** effects of wind,surface waves,ocean currents,and nonlinear interaction between the installation vessel and the HOV are quantitatively *** results show that the proposed recovery method can reduce the motion amplitude of the HOV and that the wave has the greatest influence on the dynamic response of the HOV during the recovery *** model provides better insight into the proposed HOV recovery method and confirms the effectiveness of the heave compensation *** proposed approach aims to enhance safety and operational efficiency by reducing direct human involvement in the recovery process and mitigating potential *** finding holds particular significance,especially in environmentally sensitive areas,where reducing the impact on the surrounding ecosystem is crucial.

关键词： human-occupied vehicle recovery dynamic response active heave compensation

A highly stable zinc anode protected by a corrosion inhibitor for seawater-based zinc-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 332-341,I0006页

作者： Bowei Shi Rongwei Meng Xin Jiang Yingxin Liu Huaiyuan Wang Quanjun Tang Li Wang Chen Zhang Guowei Ling Quan-Hong Yang Nanoyang group Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon and Electrochemical Energy StorageState Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyNational Industry-Education Integration Platform of Energy StorageCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)TianjinUniversityTianjin 300072China School of marine Science and technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou 350207FujianChina

The island-based energy storage is of urgent need for the grid construction combined with renewable energy for offshore *** direct use of seawater as a substitute of deionized water shows its great promise for aqueous zinc-ion batteries in such a specific ***,the metal corrosion,dendrite growth,and hydrogen evolution stand out in the harsh seawater *** address these challenges,we proposed a corrosion inhibitor that was effective in the field of metal anti-corrosion,2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid(PBTCA),to inhibit anode corrosion caused by Cl-and active H_(2)O molecules by forming a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)film in the seawater-based ***,PBTCA can chelate with other cations present in seawater,such as Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+),thereby preventing the aggregation and precipitation of sparingly soluble *** a current density of5 mA cm^(-2),the seawater-based zinc-ion battery exhibited an exceptional cycle life exceeding 2000 h and maintained a Coulombic efficiency of over 99.6%after 2000 ***,the performance of the Zn||ZVO full battery was significantly enhanced with the addition of *** study provides a simple,low-cost,and efficient approach for making the seawater-based zinc-ion batteries useable.

关键词： Zinc-ion batteries Anti-corrosion Seawater Solid electrolyte interphase

Spatial patterns of zooplankton abundance,biovolume,and size structure in response to environmental variables:a case study in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 113-127页

作者： Song SUN Haochen XIAN Xiaoxia SUN Mingliang ZHU Mengtan LIU Key Laboratory of marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Jiaozhou Bay National marine Ecosystem Research Station Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory for marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

The Yellow Sea(YS)and East China Sea(ECS)are highly dynamic marginal seas of the northwestern Pacific *** gain an in-depth understanding of zooplankton community structure,zooplankton abundance,biovolume,and size structure in summer 2017 in the YS and ECS were assessed using ZooScan imaging *** abundance and biovolume ranged 2.94–1187.14 inds./m^(3)and 3.13–3438.51 mm^(3)/m^(3),*** on the biovolume data of the categorized size classes of 26 identified taxonomic groups,the zooplankton community was classified into five groups,and each group was coupled with distinctive oceanographic *** the influence of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass,the Yellow Sea offshore group featured the lowest bottom temperature(10.84±3.42℃)and the most abundant Calanoids(mainly in the 2–3 mm size class).In the Yellow Sea inshore group,Hydrozoans showed the largest biovolume and dominated in the 3–4-mm and>5-mm size *** East China Sea offshore group,which was affected by the Kuroshio Branch Current,featured high temperature and salinity,and the lowest bottom dissolved oxygen(2.58±0.5 mg/L).The lowest values of zooplankton abundance and biovolume in the East China Sea offshore group might be attributed to the bottom dissolved oxygen *** East China Sea inshore group,which was mainly influenced by the Zhejiang-Fujian Coastal Current and Changjiang Diluted Water,was characterized by high chlorophyll a and the largest biovolume of carnivorous Siphonophores(280.82±303.37 mm^(3)/m^(3)).The Changjiang River estuary offshore group showed the most abundant Cyclopoids,which might be associated with the less turbid water mass in this *** temperature was considered the most important factor in shaping the size compositions of Calanoids in different groups.

关键词： zooplankton size structure ZooScan Yellow Sea East China Sea

Propulsion Performance of Spanwise Flexible Wing Using Unsteady Panel Method

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2020年第3期19卷 505-518页

作者： NAJAFI Saeed LIU Pengfei Ocean Engineering and technology Department Iranian National Institute for Oceanography(INIO)Tehran ***Iran marine Offshore and Subsea TechnologySchool of EngineeringNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK

In this paper, the propulsion performance of a spanwise flexible oscillating wing, which is broadly similar to the undulation of a fin fluke, is investigated. The geometry of the fluke underwent three prescribed harmonic oscillating motions simultaneously while surging with constant velocity. The effect of deflection phase angle, flexibility parameter, and wing tip deflection amplitude on thrust coefficient and swimming efficiency was studied. A low-order unsteady panel method coupled with a time stepping algorithm for free wake alignment is implemented in a computer program to estimate the propulsion efficiency of lifting bodies. A novel approach is introduced to evaluate the singular integrals of line vortices by using an adaptive mollifier function. This method is an efficient way to accelerate computational speed by reducing the order of problem from R^3 to body boundaries. Results present the significant effect of phase angle on the propulsion characteristics of oscillating fluke.

关键词： propulsion performance fin whale fluke flexible wing panel method wake alignment

Ice-Class Propeller Strength and Integrity Evaluation Using Unified Polar ClassURI3 Rules

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2021年第4期20卷 823-836页

作者： LI Qi LIU Pengfei Australian Maritime College University of TasmaniaLauncestonTasmania 7250Australia marine Offshore and Subsea TechnologySchool of EngineeringNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK

A systematic method was developed for ice-class propeller modeling,performance estimation,strength and integrity evaluation and *** estimate the impact of sea ice on the propeller structure,URI3 rules,established by the International Association of Classification Societies in 2007,were applied for ice loading *** R-class propeller(a type of ice-class propeller)was utilized for subsequent *** propeller modeling was simplified based on a conventional method,which expedited the model building *** propeller performance was simulated using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)*** simulation results were validated by comparison with experimental ***,the hydrodynamic pressure was transferred into a finite element analysis(FEA)module for strength assessment of ice-class *** to URI3 rules,the ice loading was estimated based on different polar classes and working ***,the FEA method was utilized to evaluate the propeller *** validation showed that the simulation results accorded with recent research ***,an improved optimization method was developed to save the propeller constituent *** optimized propeller example had a minimum safety factor of 1.55,satisfying the safety factor requirement of≥1.5,and reduced the design volume to 88.2%of the original.

关键词： polar class propeller URI3 rules propeller blade strength and integrity design and optimization ice-class propeller hydrodynamics-strength coupled

Experimental Investigation of Wave Slamming on An Open Structure Supported Elastically

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China Ocean Engineering 2016年第6期30卷 967-978页

作者：任冰刘明李雪临王永学 State Key Laboratory of Coastal and offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology Department of marine Strategy Research & Planning National Ocean Technology Center State Oceanic Administration

The superstructures of marine structures supported by the elastic legs and located in the splash zone will subject to violent wave slamming and vibrate consequently during storms. A series of model tests are carried out to investigate the wave impacting on the open structures supported elastically. Three kinds of models with different natural frequencies are designed. The characteristics of the wave pressures on the three models are compared. The durations of the uplift forces and the corresponding accelerations of the structure during wave impact are analyzed simultaneously. The distributions of the peak impact pressures on the subfaces of the plates with different supporting stiffness are given. The relationship between the uplift force on the three models and the relative clearance are obtained. The spectral properties of the slamming loads on the three different structures are compared, The experimental results indicate that the behaviors of the impact pressures, the uplift forces and accelerations of the plates with small natural frequencies are obviously different from those of the plates with larger natural frequencies within the range of the experimental parameters.

关键词： supported elastically wave impact acceleration hydro-elasticity

A useful guide of effective mesh-size decision in predicting the ultimate strength of flat-and curved plates in compression

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2023年第4期8卷 401-417页

作者： Do Kyun Kim Imjun Ban Bee Yee Poh Sung-Chul Shin Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Research Institute of marine Systems Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoulKorea group of marine Offshore and Subsea Technology(MOST)School of EngineeringNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea Ocean and Ship technology Research group Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringPETRONAS University of TechnologySeri IskandarPerakMalaysia

The present study aims to determine the appropriate size of mesh or the number of the element(NoE)for flat-and curved plates,which is suggested to assess its safety subjected to axial compression based on the ultimate limit state(ULS)design and analysis *** unstiffened panel(=plate)and stiff-ened panel,considered primary members of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures,are subjected to repeated axial compression and tension caused by continued vertical bending moments applied to the hull *** are attached with stiffeners by welding,and 6,8 or 10 elements are generally rec-ommended to allocate in flat-plate’s breadth direction in between stiffeners for finite-element(FE)mod-elling,which enables the presentation of the shape of initial deflection applied to the *** the case of the load-shorting curve for curved plate,it is reported that the nonlinear behaviour characteristics,i.e.,snap-through,snap-back,secondary buckling and others,appear in typical flank *** take this into account,we investigated the preferred number of elements(6,8 or 10)generally applied to the flat plate whether it is an appropriate or more fine-sized element(or mesh)that should be considered.A useful guide is documented based on obtained outcomes which may help structural engineers select optimised mesh-size to predict ultimate strength and understand its characteristic of the flat and curved plates.

关键词： Ultimate strength Unstiffened panel Longitudinal compression Mesh convergence Finite-element method