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Air pressure law of a reservoir constructed in karst sinkholes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 1048-1057页

作者： YU Bo TAI Shengping ZHENG Kexun CHEN Shiwan HAN Xiao WANG Senlin ZUO Shuangying Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited Guiyang 550081China College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and EnvironmentMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Karst sinkholes with natural negative landform provide favorable conditions for the pumped storage reservoir construction for less excavation ***,the construction of the reservoir would plug the natural karst channels for water and air,which would cause remarkable air pressure in karst channels when the groundwater level fluctuates.A large laboratory simulation test was carried out to study the air pressure variation of a reservoir built on the karst *** air pressure in the karst channel and inside the model was monitored during the groundwater rising and falling *** showed that the variation of air pressure in the karst channel and the surrounding rock exhibited a high degree of *** air pressure increased rapidly at the initial stage of water level rising,followed by a slight decrease,then the air pressure increased sharply when the water level approached the top of the karst *** initial peak of air pressure and the final peak of air pressure were defined,and both air pressure peaks were linearly increasing with the water level rising *** negative air pressure was also analyzed during the drainage process,which was linearly correlated with the water level falling *** causes of air pressure variation in karst channels of a pumped storage reservoir built on the karst sinkhole were *** initial rapid increase,then slight decrease and final sudden increase of air pressure were controlled by the combined effects of air compression in karst channel and air seepage into the surrounding *** the drainage process,the instant negative air pressure and gradual recovering of air pressure were controlled by the combined effects of negative air pressure induced by water level falling and air supply from surrounding *** work could provide valuable reference for the reservoir construction in karst area.

关键词： Simulation test Karst sinkhole Pumped storage reservoir Air pressure Flow rate

Application of a Multi-Criteria Approach for the Assessment of groundwater Potential in the Basement Zone: A Case of Tamou (South West Niger)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2023年第1期14卷 1-18页

作者： Saidou Garba Inaytoulaye Abdel Kader Hassane Saley Issoufou Sandao Issa Garba Department of Geology Groundwater and Georesources Laboratory Faculty of Sciences and Technology Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Computer Sciences and Research Agrhymet Regional Center Niamey Niger

The commune of Tamou, located in the Department of Say in Niger, occupies the southwestern part of the Liptako crystallophyllian basement domain. In this area, the problem of the drinking water supply of the populations is acute, because of the low flow rates of the drillings capturing the crystallophyllian formations and the Voltaian sandstones, the failure rates of the drillings are very high there. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to improve the knowledge of the areas potentially favorable for the implantation of drillings likely to give more satisfactory flow rates. The methodological approach, based on the collection of data (Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite imagery, borehole data, geological and topographical maps) and their processing by a combination of remote sensing and GIS tools and a field check, allowed the elaboration of maps of availability, accessibility and exploitability of the groundwater resources in the study area. The maps developed were analyzed with a Spatial Reference Hydrogeological Information System following the technique of aggregation by weighting to generate the map of productive drilling sites. The results show that the area is moderately rich in groundwater (58%) and that only 31% of the potential is exploitable. The groundwater potential map shows that 46% of the study area is suitable for drilling.

关键词： Multi-Criteria Analysis Remote Sensing GIS Discontinuous Aquifers Tamou Niger

Hydrodynamic Characteristics of the Continental Intercalaire and Continental Hamadien Aquifer Systems in the Iullemeden Basin of Tahoua Region Republic of Niger

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2019年第9期11卷 1188-1205页

作者： Abdel Kader Hassane Saley Issoufou Sandao Jean-Luc Michelot Boureï ma Ousmane Department of Geology Groundwater and Georesources Laboratory Faculty of Sciences and Technology Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger Geosciences laboratory Paris-Sud (GEOPS) University Paris-Sud (UPS) University Paris-Saclay Orsay Cedex France

This study was conducted in the region of Tahoua the northeastern part of the Southern Illulemeden sedimentary basin. In this region the transboundary aquifer system of Continental Intercalaire (CI) and the Continental Hamadien (CH) are potentially rich in underground water especially in free and captive aquifers. More, this water is the main source of drinking water for the populations, the animals and for agriculture and extractive industries. However, the population growth, the agricultural development, and the climate change have a real impact on the dynamics of groundwater and the exploitation of these resources. Hence, this study aims at analyzing the behavior of aquifers and assessing the impact of various natural and anthropogenic factors. Especially it matters to analyze the drilling parameters and cuttings, logging data and pumping test of nine new boreholes. The results reveal that the depths equipped with boreholes catching the CI/CH complex vary from 70 to 800 meters from East to West while the average thickness of the reservoir CH is 50 meters and it mainly consists of coarse sandstone. Drilling penetrated more than 100 meters into the CI without reaching the base. The CI tank is composed of several layers of gravel and clay whilst the CI/CH aquifers flow rates range from 0.2 to 22.8 m3/h/m. So this is cause of great variability of the water potential within this aquifer. Lastly, the transmissivity coefficients are more important in the CH than in the CI, and the water flow average rates range respectively from 29 m/year to 7 m/year.

关键词： Iullemeden Basin Continental Intercalaire/Continental Hamadien Niger Tahoua Hydrogeology Hydrodynamics

Geology, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Oligocene Oolitic Iron Ore of the Continental Terminal Formation, Kandi Basin, North-East Benin

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International Journal of Geosciences 2019年第4期10卷 491-512页

作者： Adiss Kamal Issifou Fatiou Moussa Konaté Soulémana Yessoufou Cossi Luc Adissin Glodji Matthias Heckmann Hamidou Garba Saley Department of Geology Groundwater and Georesources Laboratory Faculty of Sciences and Technology Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Earth Sciences Laboratory of Geology Mines and Environment Faculty of Sciences and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) Hannover Germany

The Oligocene Continental Terminal Formation of the Kandi Basin contains high grades of iron mineralization (~56.72% Total Fe). The microscopic study under the polarized and reflected light showed that the iron ore consists of silicate minerals (quartz 50% and zircon 1%) and non-silicate minerals (goethite 30%, hematite 7%, magnetite 3%, pyrite 1%, chalcopyrite 1%, blende 3%, galena 3%, scheelite 1% and gold 2%). The X-rays fluorescence shows that the iron ore is characterized by various elements, such as Fe2O3 (57.91% to 91.33%), SiO2 (3.07% to 33.19%), aluminum (2.94% to 7.74%), vanadium (0.04% to 0.11%), phosphorus (0.79% to 2.29%) and sulfur (<0.3%). The deleterious elements grade is above the permissible limit in metallurgy (0.05% - 0.07% for phosphorus and 0.1% for sulfur). Their high grades indicate that the Kandi Basin iron ore characteristics are not favorable for steel manufacturing despite its good vanadium contents (0.04% to 0.11%). However, it could be used for the cast iron manufacture. Spectrometric analysis by atomic absorption confirms the presence of low-grade gold associated to the iron ore (from 0.006 to 0.015 ppm). The comparative study of discontinuous stratiform iron ore of the Kandi Basin with other oolitic iron ores in exploitation from other countries such as Brazil, Australia, China, Russia, Uganda and the United States shows that iron ore of the Kandi Basin can be mined despite its high silica content.

关键词： Kandi Basin Oolitic Iron Ore Continental Terminal Formation

Using statistical models and GIS to delimit the groundwater recharge potential areas and to estimate the infiltration rate: A case study of Nadhour-Sisseb-El Alem Basin, Tunisia

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第11期13卷 1122-1141页

作者： Ali SOUEI Taher ZOUAGHI georesources laboratory Water Researches and Technologies Center(WRTC)of Borj CedriaSoliman 8020Tunisia Department of Geology FSTUniversity of Tunis El ManarTunis C P 2092Tunisia Department of Geo-Exploration Techniques Faculty of Earth SciencesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

The water resources of the Nadhour-Sisseb-El Alem Basin in Tunisia exhibit semi-arid and arid climatic *** induces an excessive pumping of groundwater,which creates drops in water level ranging about 1-2 m/***,these unfavorable conditions require interventions to rationalize integrated management in decision *** aim of this study is to determine a water recharge index(WRI),delineate the potential groundwater recharge area and estimate the potential groundwater recharge rate based on the integration of statistical models resulted from remote sensing imagery,GIS digital data(e.g.,lithology,soil,runoff),measured artificial recharge data,fuzzy set theory and multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)using the analytical hierarchy process(AHP).Eight factors affecting potential groundwater recharge were determined,namely lithology,soil,slope,topography,land cover/use,runoff,drainage and *** WRI is between 1.2 and 3.1,which is classified into five classes as poor,weak,moderate,good and very good sites of potential groundwater recharge *** very good and good classes occupied respectively 27%and 44%of the study *** potential groundwater recharge rate was 43%of total *** to the results of the study,river beds are favorable sites for groundwater recharge.

关键词： potential recharge remote sensing statistical models MCDM Nadhour-Sisseb-El Alem Basin

Alteration Processes of Paleoproterozoic Manganese Protores of the North Téra:Mineralogy and Geochemistry(West Africa)

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Journal of Geological Resource and Engineering 2018年第5期6卷 177-193页

作者： H.Garba Saley A.Soumaila M.Konaté Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Department of GeologyFaculty of Sciences and TechnologyGroundwater and Georesources LaboratoryPOBox 10662NiameyNiger

The manganese deposit of North Téra is located in the western side of the Diagorou-Darbani greenstone belt in the Niger Liptako Province(Northeastern part of Man Schield,West African Craton).Manganese mineralization bearing rocks are mainly gondites(a kind of garnet-rich quartzite of the spessartine type)whose borders consist of a high concentration of Mn oxide *** methodological approach implemented consisted of a field study followed by a polarizing microscopic analysis in transmitted and reflected light and a geochimical *** Téra gondites originate from Birimian manganese-rich sediments metamorphism in amphibolite *** supergene alteration,more or less important,has developed on the protore of gondites,a saprolitic profile whose setting up conditions were recently described in our previous *** macroscopic analysis of the manganese deposits samples combined with the metallographic microscopic and geochemical analysis confirms that manganese mineralization originated from weathering *** first oxide that forms around the garnets is nsutite,while the mesostasis is invaded by pyrolusite with lenses of lithiophorite destabilizing in favor of *** the botryoidal concretions,the latter forms an alternation with the psilomelane rich in Ba(8,101ppm)in the uppermost *** abundance diagram shows that the normalize Rare Earths compared to PAAS derived from a plagioclase-rich quartzitic *** observation is corroborated by a positive anomaly in ***,the high levels of transition elements(Ni,V,Co and Cr)highlight the involvement of a basic *** contents of major elements show a significant leaching,with an increase in those of Mn and Al during the increasing *** CIA and PIA indices move in the same direction towards high values leading to the Al2O3 pole on the Al2O3-CaO*+Na2O-K2O *** indicates an increasing alteration along the profile,according to an alteration path comprising pl

关键词： Gondite manganese North Téra supergene alteration protore Birimian