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3D numerical simulation of seagrass movement under waves and currents with GPUSPH

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第6期36卷 711-722页

作者： Anne-Eléonore Paquier Thibault Oudart Caroline Le Bouteiller Samuel Meulé Philippe Larroudé Robert A.Dalrymple BRGM Immeuble Agostini Aix-Marseille University CNRS IRD INRA grenoble inp (institute of engineering) Univerity Grenoble Alpes University grenoble Alpes Department of Civil engineering Johns Hopkins University

The current study tries a new approach to simulating interactions between waves and seagrass through Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH). In this model, the plants are defined as a solid that respects Hooke’s law, and are assumed to have direct interaction with the fluid. Given the characteristics of the SPH method, especially in terms of computational time, the dimensions of the simulations were *** first goal of the current study was to optimize the approach to avoid reaching certain limits such as the rupture of the simulated plant. Plant movements under waves and/or currents have been studied by several authors in various in-situ, physical, and numerical experiments concerning various vegetation species, thus proving that plant movements can be successfully reproduced by SPH 2D/3D. Manning’s roughness coefficient, n, was calculated to confirm that the results were in accordance with what had been measured in flume studies. Even though there is still room for improvement, it is shown that this method can be used to estimate Manning’s coefficient for coastal vegetation(seagrass and saltmarsh vegetation) and to greatly improve the modeling and forecasting of coastal erosion and storm surge risks by including the effects of vegetation in integrated models.

关键词： Numerical seagrass movement GPUSPH Fluid structure interaction Waves Current

Does the platinum-loading in proton-exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes influence the durability of the membrane-electrode assembly?

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Industrial Chemistry and Materials

Industrial Chemistry and Materials 2023年第4期1卷 501-515页

作者： Sgarbi, Ricardo Ait Idir, William Labarde, Quentin Mermoux, Michel Wu, Peizhe Mainka, Julia Dillet, Jérôme Marty, Clémence Micoud, Fabrice Lottin, Olivier Chatenet, Marian CNRS Grenoble INP Institute of Engineering and Management Univ. Grenoble Alpes LEPMI Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc Grenoble 38000 France LEMTA Université de Lorraine CNRS Nancy France CEA LITEN Univ. Grenoble Alpes Grenoble F-38054 France

MEAs with various cathode Pt loadings were elaborated and aged using a multiple-stressor accelerated stress test (AST) in a segmented PEMFC. The thinnest (lowest Pt loading) cathodes have lower initial activity, owing to larger oxygen reduction reaction hindrance and oxygen transport resistance. Although the lowest cathode Pt loadings initially degrade faster, the overall loss of ECSA at end-of-test is nearly similar whatever the cathode Pt loading, with no local heterogeneities of aging detected along the gas channels. The cathode Pt/C catalyst degrades mostly by Ostwald ripening (which seems more pronounced for lower cathode Pt loading) and nanoparticles agglomeration, owing to superficial carbon functionalization and related Pt crystallite migration: no consequent carbon corrosion is witnessed in this AST. Also, the oxidized Pt2+ ions formed by Pt corrosion diffuse/migrate roughly in a similar manner through the membrane for all cathode Pt loadings, and are re-deposited by crossover H2 close to the cathode|membrane interface. Overall, the mechanisms of Pt/C degradation are not depending on the cathode Pt loading for the chosen AST. Keywords: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC);Cathode catalyst layer (CL);Platinum loading;Durability. © 2023 RSC.

关键词： Electrolytic reduction

A convolutional neural network for defect classification in Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1026-1033页

作者： Bruce Lim Ewen Bellec Maxime Dupraz Steven Leake Andrea Resta Alessandro Coati Michael Sprung Ehud Almog Eugen Rabkin Tobias Schulli Marie-Ingrid Richard grenoble inp-Phelma Univ.Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance ESRF-The European Synchrotron GrenobleFrance CEA grenoble IRIGMEMNRSUniv.Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersGif-sur-YvetteFrance Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron(DESY) HamburgGermany Department of Materials Science and engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael

Coherent diffraction imaging enables the imaging of individual defects,such as dislocations or stacking faults,in *** defects and their surrounding elastic strain fields have a critical influence on the macroscopic properties and functionality of ***,their identification in Bragg coherent diffraction imaging remains a challenge and requires significant data *** ability to identify defects from the diffraction pattern alone would be a significant advantage when targeting specific defect types and accelerates experiment design and ***,we exploit a computational tool based on a three-dimensional(3D)parametric atomistic model and a convolutional neural network to predict dislocations in a crystal from its 3D coherent diffraction *** diffraction patterns from several thousands of relaxed atomistic configurations of nanocrystals are used to train the neural network and to predict the presence or absence of dislocations as well as their type(screw or edge).Our study paves the way for defect-recognition in 3D coherent diffraction patterns for material science.

关键词： materials coherent defect

A phase-locked loop using ESO-based loop filter for grid-connected converter: performance analysis

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Control Theory and Technology 2021年第1期19卷 49-63页

作者： Baoling Guo Seddik Bacha Mazen Alamir Julien Pouget School of engineering.(HES SO)Universily of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzeland Sion1950 ValaisSwitzerland institute of engineering grenoble University Grenoble AlpesCNRSG2Elab38000 GrenobleFrance institute of engineering grenoble University Grenoble AlpesCNRSGIPSA-Lab38400 Saint Martin D'HeresFrance

An extended state observer(ESO)-based loop filter is designed for the phase-locked loop(PLL)involved in a disturbed grid-connected converter(GeC).This ESO-based design enhances the performances and robustness of the PLL,and,therefore,improves control performances of the disturbed ***,the ESO-based LF can be applied to PLLs with extra filters for abnormal grid *** unbalanced grid is particularly taken into account for the performance analysis.A tuning approach based on the well-designed PI controller is discussed,which results in a fair comparison with conventional PI-type *** frequency domain properies are quantitatively analysed with respeet to the control stability and the noises *** frequency domain analysis and simulation results suggesti that the performances of the generated ESO-based controllers are comparable to those of the PI control at low frequency,while have better ability to atenuate high-frequency measurement *** phase margin decreases slightly,but remains ***,experimental tests are conducted with a hybrid power hardwarein-the-loop benchmark,in which balanced/unbalanced cases are both *** obtained results prove the effectiveness of ESO based PLLs when applied to the disturbed GeC.

关键词： Grid-conected converters Grid disturbances Phase-locked loop Loop filter Extended state observer Tuning approach Stability analysis Phase margin Noises attenuation Power hardware-in-the-loop(PHIL)test

Serrated plastic flow behavior and microstructure in a Zr-based bulk metallic glass processed by surface mechanical attrition treatment

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2017年第4期24卷 475-482页

作者： Juan-juan Liu Qing Wang Kang Sun Sebastien Gravier Jean-jacque Blandin Bao-an Sun Jian Lu Laboratory for Microstructures Institute of MaterialsShanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Department of Mechanical and Biomedical engineering City University of Hong Kong Science et Ingenierie des Matériaux et des Procédés(SIMAP) University of Grenoble/CNRSGrenoble-INPSaint-Martin d'Heres Cedex 38402France

The serrated plastic flow,microstructure and residual stress of a Zr_（55）Cu_（30）Ni_5Al_（10） bulk metallic glass（BMG）undergone surface mechanical attrition treatment（SMAT）have been investigated by a combination of compression tests with scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,high resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）and the incremental hole-drilling strain-gage *** is found that SMAT leads to various microstructural modifications and residual stress distribution in the surface layers of the Zrbased BMG due to the mechanically-induced nanocrystallization and generation of shear *** a result,the BMG alloy exhibits a remarkable work-hardening like behavior and significant increase of plastic strain from less than 1%to 15%,and its plastic deformation dynamics yields a power-law distribution of shear *** upon the analysis of the experimental results,it is indicated that this can be connected to the SMAT-induced microstructural modifications and the resulting residual compressive stress in the Zr-based BMG.

关键词： Bulk metallic glass Surface mechanical attrition treatment Serrated flow Microstructure Residual stress

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Time-dependent behaviour of the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone-concrete interface

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2020年第1期12卷 89-101页

作者： Eleni Stavropoulou Matthieu Briffaut Frédéric Dufour Guillaume Camps Univ.grenoble Alpes CNRSGrenoble INP3SRF-38000GrenobleFrance Agence Nationale pour la gestion des Déchets Radioactifs(Andra) Chatenay-MalabryFrance

In the context of the Cigeo project,the French National Radioactive Waste management Agency(Andra)is studying the behaviour of a deep geological facility for radioactive waste deposit in the CallovoOxfordian(COx)*** assessment of durability of this project requires the prediction of irreversible strain over a large time *** mechanical interaction of the host rock and the concrete support of tunnels must be investigated to ensure the long-term sustainability of the *** instantaneous and time-dependent behaviour of the claystone-concrete interface is experimentally investigated with direct shear tests and long-duration shear tests of a few *** mechanical and structural state of the claystone which is affected after interaction with concrete reflects to the response of the claystone-concrete interface,and thus different types of COx claystone-concrete interfaces are *** delayed deformation of the interface is found to be linked to the level of the normal loading and the loading history while a different response of the interface was observed from the short-and long-duration tests,indicating a possible progressive modification of interface under long-duration loadings.

关键词： Callovo-Oxfordian(COx)claystone Interfaces Time-dependent behaviour

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Bubbles and incentives:an experiment on asset markets

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Economic and Political Studies 2021年第1期9卷 68-89页

作者： Stéphane Robin Katerina Stráznická Marie Claire Villeval grenoble inp institute of engineering and management Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory(GAEL)University of Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance French National Centre for Scientific Research(CNRS) ParisFrance National institute for Agricultural Research(INRA) ParisFrance Clermont Research management(CleRMA) University of Clermont AuvergneClermont-FerrandFrance University of Lyon LyonFrance Group of Economic Analysis and Theory(GATE) French National Centre for Scientific Research(CNRS)EcullyFrance institute of Labour Economics(IZA) BonnGermany

We explore the effects of competitive incentives and of their time horizon on the evolution of both asset prices and trading activity in experimental asset *** compare(i)a no-bonus treatment;(ii)a short-term bonus treatment in which bonuses are assigned to the best performers at the end of each trading period;(iii)a long-term bonus treatment in which bonuses are assigned to the best performers at the end of the 15 periods of the *** find that the existence of bonus contracts does not increase the likelihood of bubbles but it affects their severity,depending on the time horizon of *** with longterm bonus contracts experience lower price deviations and a lower turnover of assets than markets with either no bonuses or long-term bonus ***-term bonus contracts increase price deviations but only when markets include a higher share of male *** the individual level,the introduction of bonus contracts increases the trading activity of males,probably due to their higher competitiveness.

关键词： Asset market bubbles incentives bonuses risk attitudes experiment

Application of Prunus amygdalus By-products in Eco-friendly Dyeing of Textile Fabrics

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第1期6卷 55-67页

作者： Ibtissem Moussa Noureddine Baaka Ramzi Khiari Ali Moussa Gérard Mortha Mohamed Farouk Mhenni University of Monastir Faculty of SciencesUR13ES63-Research Unity of Applied Chemistry&Environment5000 MonastirTunisia Higher institute of Technological Studies of Ksar Hellal Department of TextilesRue Hadj Ali Soua-B.P.n°68-5070 Ksar HellalTunisia institute of engineering University of Grenoble AlpesCNRSGrenoble INPLGP2F-38000 GrenobleFrance National engineering School of Monastir 5019 MonastirTunisia

Natural dyes have become an interesting subject of study because of their better ecological properties in comparison to their synthetic *** article concerns the dyeing of wool,silk,and polyamide fabrics with natural dyes extracted from almond shells and *** developed method of dyeing by these extracts is interesting and very attractive for several reasons:firstly,the extracts used are the black liquor discharged from the industries of delignification,which is a chemical process for removing lignin from agricultural wastes to produce a cellulosic fiber;(ii)these natural dyes are renewable and available in large quantities;(iii)this method is economical;and(iv)lastly,the dyeing performances of the obtained dyed textiles are very *** color of each dyed material was investigated in terms of the CIELAB coordinates and their fastness properties measured by washing,rubbing,and light.

关键词： Almond shell almond stem fastness properties natural dyes residual lignin

Influence of extrusion temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-4Y-4Sm-0.5Zr alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第7期20卷 1311-1315页

作者：李大全王渠东丁文江 J.J.BLANDIN M.SUéRY National engineering Research Center for Nonferrous Metals Composites General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals National engineering Research Center of Light Alloys Net Forming State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University Universitéde grenoble Grenoble INPScience et Ingénieriedes Matériaux et Procédés(SIMAP) CNRS UMR 5266UJFBP 4638402 Saint-Martin d'Héres CedexFrance

The solution-treated Mg-4Y-4Sm-0.5Zr alloy was extruded at temperatures from 325℃ to 500℃.Dynamic recrystallization(DRX) completely occurs when the alloy is extruded at 350℃and *** grains of the extruded alloy are obviously refined by the occurrence of *** average grain size of the extruded alloy increases with increasing the extrusion temperature,leading to a slight decrease of the ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and the yield strength(YS) .On the contrary,the UTS and YS of the extruded and aged alloy increase with increasing the extrusion *** of UTS of 400 MPa,YS larger than 300 MPa and elongation(EL) of 7%are achieved after extrusion at 400℃ and ageing at 200℃ for 16 *** grain refinement and precipitation are efficient strengthening mechanisms for the Mg-4Y-4Sm-0.5Zr alloy.

关键词： Mg-Y-Sm-Zr alloy extrusion heat treatment ageing mechanical properties

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