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Abundance of volatile organic compounds in white ash phloem and emerald ash borer larval frass does not attract Tetrastichus planipennisi in a Y-tube olfactometer

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 712-719页

作者： Yigen Chen Michael D. Ulyshen Therese M. Poland Department of Entomology Michigan State University 288 Farm Lane Natural Science Building Room 243 East Lansing MI 48824 Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USDA Forest service 320 Green Street Athens GA 30602 USDA Forest service 3101 Technology Blvd. Suite F Lansing M148910 USA

Many natural enemies employ plant- and/or herbivore-derived signals for host/prey location. The larval parasitoid Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang （Hymenoptera： Eulophidae） is 1 of 3 biocontrol agents currently being released in an effort to control the emerald ash borer （EAB）, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire （Coloeptera： Burprestidae） in North America. To enhance its efficiency, allelochemicals that attract it need to be assessed. In this study, ash phloem volatile organic compounds （VOCs） of black, green, and white ash, and EAB larval frass were compared. Foraging behavior of T. planipennisi females in response to VOCs of white ash or frass from EAB larvae feeding on white ash phloem was tested using a Y-tube olfactometer. Results indicated that the 3 ash species had similar VOC profiles. EAB larval frass generally contained greater levels of VOCs than phloem. Factor analysis indicated that the 11 VOCs could be broadly divided into 2 groups, with c^-bisabolol, fl-caryophyllene, （E）-2-hexenal, （Z）-3-hexenal, limonene, methyl benzoate, methyl indole-3-acetic acid, methyl jasmonate, methyl salicylate as the first group and the rest （i.e., methyl linoleate and methyl linolenate） as a second. Abundance of VOCs in white ash phloem tissue and frass, nevertheless, did not attract T. planipennisi females. The concealed feeding of EAB larvae might explain the selection for detectable and reliable virbrational signals, instead of undetectable and relatively unreliable VOC cues from phloem and frass, in short-range foraging by T. planipennisi. Alternatively, it is possible that T. planipennisi is not amenable to the Y-tube olfactometer assay employed.

关键词： Agrilus planipennis biological control Fraxinus invasive species semiochemical

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急性心肌梗死入院时心衰与脑卒中风险的关系:VALIANT注册研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册) 2006年第3期 52-53页

作者： Szummer K. E. Solomon S. D. Velazquez E. J. H.D.White 马超 green lane cardiovascular service Auckland City Hospital Private Bag 92 024Auckland 1003New Zealand

Aims: We sought to assess the relative contribution of heart failure(HF) on admission for an acute myocardial infarction(MI)to the subsequent in-hospital stroke risk. Methods and results: The VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion(VALIANT) registry enrolled 5573 consecutive MI patients at 84 international sites from 1999 to 2001. We calculated odds ratios(ORs) for stroke and adjusted for baseline characteristics, Killip Class, and risk factors for stroke, such as diabetes and prior HF. In-hospital stroke occurred in 81(1.5% ) patients. HF was present on admission in 38% of patients who developed a stroke and in 24% who did not(P=0.001).Older age(OR 1.03 increase/year, 95% confidence interval(CI) 1.01-1.04), Killip Class III(OR 1.66, CI 0.86-3.19) or IV(OR 4.85,CI 1.69-13.93), history of hypertension(OR 1.73, CI 1.06-2.82), and history of stroke(OR 1.89, CI 1.06-3.37) were more common in patients who had in-hospital stroke. In-hospital mortality in patients with and without stroke was 27.2 and 6.5% , respectively(P< 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with stroke after MI have a dismal prognosis. The presence of HF on admission for an acute MI increases in-hospital stroke risk. HF treatments may modify the risk of stroke.

关键词：注册研究 VALIANT 心肌梗死脑卒中心衰

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患持续缺血性胸痛和可能的新发左束支传导阻滞患者因ST段变化不同而预后不同

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 47-48页

作者： Wong C.-K. French J. K. Aylward P. E. G. H. D. White 张平 Cardiology Department Green Lane Cardiovascular Service Auckland City Hospital Private Bag 92024 Auckland 1030New Zealand Prof.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this research was to examine the prognostic value of ST-segment changes(concordant ST-segment elevation and/or precordial V1 to V3 ST-segment depression) during presumed-new left bundle branch block(LBBB) in patients receiving fibrinolytic therapy. BACKGROUND: These patients are often considered high-risk, but their outcome is not well-defined. METHODS: The Hirulog and Early Reperfusion or Occlusion(HERO)-2 trial compared bivalirudin with heparin in patients receiving streptokinase for ST-segment elevation or presumed-new LBBB. Each patient with LBBB was matched with a control(with normal intraventricular conduction) for age, gender, pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, Killip class, and region. RESULTS: A total of 300 patients had LBBB(92 with and 208 without ST-segment changes) and 15,340 had normal conduction. Acute myocardial infarction(AMI) occurred in 80.7%of LBBB patients and 88.7%of controls(p=0.006). ST-segment changes were specific(96.6%) but not sensitive(37.8%) for enzymatic diagnosis of AMI. Mortality at 30 days was similar in LBBB patients with ST-segment changes(21.7%) and controls(25.0%, p=0.563), but lower in LBBB patients without ST-segment changes than in controls(13.5%vs. 21.6%, p=0.022). In the whole HERO-2 cohort, the LBBB patients with ST-segment changes had higher mortality than patients with normal conduction(odds ratio OR 1.37, 95%confidence interval CI 0.78 to 2.42). The LBBB patients without ST-segment changes had lower mortality than patients with normal conduction(OR 0.52, 95%CI 0.33 to 0.80). CONCLUSIONS: ST-segment changes during LBBB are specific for the diagnosis of AMI and predict 30-day mortality; LBBB patients without ST-segment changes have lower adjusted 30-day mortality than those with normal conduction. Trials are required to determine the best treatment for high-risk and low-risk patients with LBBB.

关键词：左束支传导阻滞缺血性胸痛 ST 比伐卢定内传导预后预测前区链激酶酶学诊断急性心肌梗死

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Genome-wide association studies for inflorescence type and remontancy in Hydrangea macrophylla

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2477-2485页

作者： Xingbo Wu Lisa W.Alexander Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Technology Otis L.Floyd Nursery Research Center472 Cadillac LaneMcMinnvilleTNUSA U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceU.S.National ArboretumFloral and Nursery Plants Research UnitOtis L.Floyd Nursery Research Center472 Cadillac LaneMcMinnvilleTNUSA

Inflorescence type and remontancy are two valuable traits in bigleaf hydrangea(Hydrangea macrophylla L.)and both are recessively *** marker-assisted selection(MAS)can greatly reduce the time necessary to breed cultivars with desired *** this study,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)using 5803 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)was performed using a panel of 82 bigleaf hydrangea *** SNP locus(Hy_CAPS_Inflo)associated with inflorescence type was identified with general linear model(GLM)and mixed linear model(MLM)methods that explained 65.5%and 36.1%of the phenotypic variations,***-three SNPs associated with remontancy were detected in GLM whereas no SNP was detected in *** SNP locus(Hy_CAPS_Inflo)was converted to a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence(CAPS)marker that showed absolute identification accuracy(100%)of inflorescence type in a validation panel consisting of eighteen *** *** SNP was investigated in 341 F1 progenies using genotyping by sequencing(GBS)and co-segregated with inflorescence type(χ^(2)=0.12;P=0.73).The SNP was subsequently used for breeding selection using kompetitive allele specific PCR(KASP)*** directions for the use of genomics and MAS in hydrangea breeding improvement are *** results presented in this study provide insights for further research on understanding genetic mechanisms behind inflorescence type and remontancy in *** CAPS and KASP markers developed here will be immediately useful for applying MAS to accelerate breeding improvement in hydrangea.

关键词： breeding cultivar CAPS

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Effect of absorbed dose and storage length on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal strength in irradiated alfalfa seeds

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2006年第2期17卷 83-85页

作者： LI Nai-Nin D. W. THAYER R. GATES D. SCHWARTZ R. RICHARDSON Institute of Atomic Energy Application Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences （JAAS） Nanjing 210014 China Food Safety Research United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Eastern Regional Research Center 600 East Mermaid lane Wyndmoor Pennsylvania 19038 USA

A kind of alfalfa seeds was irradiated by 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 kGy at a dose rate of 6.288 kGy·h-1 in a self-shielded irradiator of 137Cs gamma rays. The EPR spectra, which were measured subsequently between 0.3401 and 0.3501 T, showed that there was a direct proportional relationship between the EPR signal strength of free radi- cals produced by gamma irradiation in the alfalfa seeds and absorbed dose. The first derivative EPR spectra of the al- falfa seeds were very clear and easy to identify. However, the EPR signal strength of the peak-to-peak amplitude de- creased rapidly and most of them decayed beyond 50% within 3 days after the seeds were irradiated. It tended to sta- bilize after half a month since the seeds were irradiated. The differences of the EPR signal strength between the irra- diated and unirradiated alfalfa seeds still remained. All seeds were stored at ambient temperature for more than 3 months. Therefore, using EPR spectrometry technique to measure free radicals in alfalfa seeds as a means to deter- mine whether the seeds have been irradiated or not is feasible, relatively fast and simple.

关键词：紫花苜蓿种子 EPR光谱自由基 Gamma辐射

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Tree Population Dynamics of Three Altitudinal Vegetation Communities on Mount Cameroon(1989-2004)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第4期8卷 495-504页

作者： Philip F.FORBOSEH Terry C.H.SUNDERLAND James A.COMISKEY Michael BALINGA Plan Cameroon P O Box 25236 MessaYaoundéCameroon Centre for International Forestry Research(CIFOR) Inventory and Monitoring Program National Park Service120 Chatham Lane Smithsonian Institution S.Dillon Ripley Center1100 JeffersonDrive SW Washington DC 20560USA Center for International Forestry Research(CIFOR)

Changes in permanent sample plots in the lowland,submontane and montane forests on Mount Cameroon(4,095 m above sea level),an active volcano,are described for 15 years from 1989 to *** the study period,the stocking level of trees with a diameter at breast height(DBH) ≥ 10 cm in the three forests were lower than in pan-tropical stands suggesting a significant impact of volcanic and human-related activities on the vegetation communities on the *** mortality rates in the submontane and montane forests were consistent with those reported for comparable altitudinal ranges in the Blue Mountains of *** annual mortality rate was higher in the lowland forest than other lowland sites *** between recruitment and mortality rates was large suggesting that the three vegetation communities have not reached their *** seven-year difference in half-life of large trees(with a DBH ≥ 50 cm) in the submontane and montane forests suggests an altitudinal effect on turnover of larger trees that in turn contributes to the frequent small stature of high altitude *** was little evidence of an altitudinal effect on species turnover and growth *** finding supports generalizations about the zero effect of growth on the stature of high altitude *** forest dynamics is crucially important in the management of tropical montane environmentsand in this instance particularly so given the recent creation of the Mount Cameroon National Park.

关键词： Growth rates Recruitment Mortality Altitude Half-life Mount Cameroon

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On the Fully Implicit Solution of a Phase-Field Model for Binary Alloy Solidification in Three Dimensions

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2012年第6期4卷 665-684页

作者： Christopher E.Goodyer Peter K.Jimack Andrew M.Mullis Hongbiao Dong Yu Xie School of Computing University of LeedsWoodhouse LaneLeedsLS29JTUK School of Process Environmental and Materials EngineeringUniversity of LeedsWoodhouse LaneLeedsLS29JTUK Department of Engineering University of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK

A fully implicit numerical method,based upon a combination of adaptively refined hierarchical meshes and geometric multigrid,is presented for the simulation of binary alloy solidification in three space *** computational techniques are presented for a particular mathematical model,based upon the phase-field approach,however their applicability is of greater generality than for the specific phase-field model used *** particular,an implicit second order time discretization is combined with the use of second order spatial differences to yield a large nonlinear system of algebraic equations as each time *** is demonstrated that these equations may be solved reliably and efficiently through the use of a nonlinear multigrid scheme for locally refined *** effect this paper presents an extension of earlier research in two space dimensions(***.,225(2007),pp.1271–1287)to fully three-dimensional *** extension is validated against earlier two-dimensional results and against some of the limited results available in three dimensions,obtained using an explicit *** efficiency of the implicit approach and the multigrid solver are then demonstrated and some sample computational results for the simulation of the growth of dendrite structures are presented.

关键词： Phase-field simulations binary alloys mesh adaptivity implicit methods nonlinear multigrid

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CARE: Cloud Archival Repository Express via Algorithmic Machine Learning

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Intelligent Information Management 2022年第4期14卷 133-156页

作者： Sheldon Liang Clara Hall James Pogge Melanie Van Stry lane College Jackson USA

CARE—Cloud Archive Repository Express has emerged from algorithmic machine learning, and acts like a “fastlane” to bridge between DATA and wiseCIO where DATA stands for digital archiving & trans-analytics, and wiseCIO for web-based intelligent service. CARE incorporates DATA and wiseCIO into a triad for content management and delivery (CMD) to orchestrate Anything as a service (XaaS) by using mathematical and computational solutions to cloud-based problems. This article presents algorithmic machine learning in CARE for “DNA-like” ingredients with trivial information eliminated through deep learning to support integral content management over DATA and informative delivery on wiseCIO. In particular with algorithmic machine learning, CARE creatively incorporates express tokens for information interchange (eTokin) to promote seamless intercommunications among the CMD triad that enables Anything as a service and empowers ordinary users to be UNIQ professionals: such as ubiquitous manager on content management and delivery, novel designer on universal interface and user-centric experience, intelligent expert for business intelligence, and quinary liaison with XaaS without explicitly coding required. Furthermore, CMD triad harnesses rapid prototyping for user interface design and propels cohesive assembly from Anything orchestrated as a service. More importantly, CARE collaboratively as a whole promotes instant publishing over DATA, efficient presentation to end-users via wiseCIO, and diligent intelligence for business, education, and entertainment (iBEE) through highly robotic process automation.

关键词： Algorithmic Machine Learning Express Token for Information Interchange Instant Typing Online Publishing Cloud Archival Repository Express

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Impact of the Next-Nearest-Neighbor Interaction on Traffic Flow of Highway with Slopes

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2012年第10期58卷 590-598页

作者：李志鹏周盈 The Key Laboratory of Embedded System and service Computing supported by Ministry of Education Tongji University

In this paper,we study the motion course of traffic flow on the slopes of a highway by applying a microscopic traffic model,which takes into account the next-nearest-neighbor interaction in an intelligent transportation system *** common gradients of the highway,which are sag terrain,uphill terrain,and downhill terrain on a single-lane roadway,are selected to clarify the impact on the traffic flow by the next-nearest-neighbor interaction in relative *** obtain the current-density relation for traffic flow on the sag,the uphill and the downhill under the next-nearest-neighbor interaction *** is observed that the current saturates when the density is greater than a critical value and the current decreases when the density is greater than another critical *** the density falls into the intermediate range between the two critical densities it is also found that the oscillatory jam,easily leads to traffic accidents,often appears in the downhill stage,and the next-nearest-neighbor interaction in relative velocity has a strong suppressing effect on this kind of dangerous congestion.A theoretical analysis is also presented to explain this important conclusion.

关键词： traffic flow traffic jam next-nearest-neighbor interaction

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Renal impairment and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction early post-myocardial infarction

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World Journal of Cardiology 2010年第1期2卷 13-18页

作者： Vinod Jorapur Gervasio A Lamas Zygmunt P Sadowski Harmony R Reynolds Antonio C Carvalho Christopher E Buller James M Rankin Jean Renkin Philippe Gabriel Steg Harvey D White Carlos Vozzi Eduardo Balcells Michael Ragosta C Edwin Martin Vankeepuram S Srinivas William W Wharton III Staci Abramsky Ana C Mon Shari S Kronsberg Judith S Hochman Columbia University Division of Cardiology Mount Sinai Medical Center II Ischemic Heart Disease Department National Institute of Cardiology Leon Charney Division of Cardiology New York University School of Medicine Cardiology Division-Hospital Sao Paulo Federal University of Sao Paulo Division of Cardiology University of British Columbia Department of cardiovascular Medicine Royal Perth Hospital Department of Cardiology UCL St Luc University Hospital INSERM U-698 Department of CardiologyHopital Bichat Cardiology Department Green Lane Cardiovascular ServiceAuckland City Hospital Interventional Cardiology Instituto de Intervenciones Cardiovasculares S.A. cardiovascular Associates Wellmont Holston Valley Medical Center cardiovascular Division University of Virginia Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiology York Hospital Division of Cardiology Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine Research Department Asheville Cardiology AssociatesP.A. Maryland Medical Research Institute

AIM:To study if impaired renal function is associated with increased risk of peri-infarct heart failure (HF) in patients with preserved ejection fraction (EF).METHODS:Patients with occluded infarct-related arteries (IRAs) between 1 to 28 d after myocardial infarction (MI) were grouped into chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Rates of early post-MI HF were compared among eGFR *** regression was used to explore independent predictors of ***:Reduced eGFR was present in 71.1% of 2160 patients,with significant renal impairment (eGFR < 60 mL/min every 1.73 m2) in 14.8%.The prevalence of HF was higher with worsening renal function:15.5%,17.8% and 29.4% in patients with CKD stages 1,2 and 3 or 4,respectively (P < 0.0001),despite a small absolute difference in mean EF across eGFR groups:48.2 ± 10.0,47.9 ± 11.3 and 46.2 ± 12.1,respectively (P=0.02).The prevalence of HF was again higher with worsening renal function among patients with preserved EF:10.1%,13.6% and 23.6% (P < 0.0001),but this relationship was not significant among patients with depressed EF:27.1%,26.2% and 37.9% (P= 0.071).Moreover,eGFR was an independent correlate of HF in patients with preserved EF (P=0.003) but not in patients with depressed EF (P=0.181).CONCLUSION:A significant proportion of post-MI patients with occluded IRAs have impaired renal *** renal function was associated with an increased rate of early post-MI HF,the association being strongest in patients with preserved *** findings have implications for management of peri-infarct HF.

关键词： Heart failure Myocardial infarction Kidney disease

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