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The ALMA-QUARKS Survey.Ⅱ.The ACA 1.3 mm Continuum Source Catalog and the Assembly of Dense Gas in Massive Star-Forming Clumps

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 119-139页

作者：许峰玮 Ke Wang Tie Liu Lei Zhu Guido Garay Xunchuan Liu Paul Goldsmith Qizhou Zhang Patricio Sanhueza Shengli Qin Jinhua He Mika Juvela Anandmayee Tej Hongli Liu Shanghuo Li Kaho Morii Siju Zhang Jianwen Zhou Amelia Stutz Neal JEvans Kee-Tae Kim Shengyuan Liu Diego Mardones Guangxing Li Leonardo Bronfman Ken’ichi Tatematsu Chang Won Lee Xing Lu Xiaofeng Mai Sihan Jiao James O.Chibueze Keyun Su Viktor L.Tóth Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Astronomy School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Chinese academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de ChileLas Condes7591245 SantiagoChile Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology4800 Oak Grove DrivePasadena CA 91109USA Center for Astrophysics|Harvard&Smithsonian 60 Garden StreetCambridgeMA 02138USA National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-8588Japan Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced StudiesSOKENDAI2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-8588Japan School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Department of Physics University of HelsinkiPO Box 64FI-00014 HelsinkiFinland Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram 695547KeralaIndia Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Königstuhl 17D-69117 HeidelbergGermany Department of Astronomy Graduate School of ScienceThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 6953121 BonnGermany Departamento de AstronomÂıa Universidad de ConcepcionCasilla 160-CConcepci onChile Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at AustinTexas 78712-1205USA Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeokdae-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34055Republic of Korea Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia SinicaRoosevelt RoadTaipei 10617TaiwanChina South-Western Institute for Astronomy Research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeok-daeroYuseong-guDaejeon 34055Republic of

Leveraging the high resolution,sensitivity,and wide frequency coverage of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array(ALMA),the QUARKS survey,standing for“Querying Underlying mechanisms of massive star formation with ALMA-Resolved gas Kinematics and Structures”,is observing 139 massive starforming clumps at ALMA Band 6(λ~1.3 mm).This paper introduces the Atacama Compact Array(ACA)7 m data of the QUARKS survey,describing the ACA observations and data *** multiwavelength data,we provide the first edition of QUARKS atlas,offering insights into the multiscale and multiphase interstellar medium in high-mass star *** ACA 1.3 mm catalog includes 207 continuum sources that are called ACA *** gas kinetic temperatures are estimated using three formaldehyde transitions with a non-LTE radiation transfer model,and the mass and density are derived from a dust emission *** ACA sources are massive(16–84 percentile values of 6–160 M_(⊙)),gravity-dominated(M∝R^(1.1))fragments within massive clumps,with supersonic turbulence(M>1)and embedded star-forming *** find a linear correlation between the masses of the fragments and the massive clumps,with a ratio of 6%between the *** considering fragments as representative of dense gas,the ratio indicates a dense gas fraction(DGF)of 6%,although with a wide scatter ranging from 1%to 10%.If we consider the QUARKS massive clumps to be what is observed at various scales,then the size-independent DGF indicates a self-similar fragmentation or collapsing mode in protocluster *** the ACA data over four orders of magnitude of luminosity-to-mass ratio(L/M),we find that the DGF increases significantly with L/M,which indicates clump evolutionary *** observed a limited fragmentation at the subclump scale,which can be explained by a dynamic global collapse process.

关键词： stars:formation ISM:kinematics and dynamics ISM:clouds stars:protostars

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Voice Interaction System for Race Games

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Journal of Electronic Research and Application 2019年第6期3卷 16-17页

作者： Xuanning Liang North Raleigh christian academy North CarolinaUnited States

1 Introduction With the advancement of the computer technology,there are now various kinds of computer games,especially race games(RAC).However,there are still many issues in race *** first problem is that the interactivity is not *** can only be input to the computers by manipulators without any feedback from the *** second problem is that players cannot pay attention to the information about the road conditions while they are *** main reason is that the monitor is usually too small to show the 3-D(three-dimensional)scenes of the game and it is hard for players to notice the road *** order to figure out these problems,we designed a voice interaction system to improve the game experience.

关键词： driving computer while

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Advances, Problems and Prospects of Modern Geodesy Applied in Tibetan Geodynamic Changes

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第2期87卷 318-332页

作者： SUN Wenke ZHOU Xin Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics of Chinese academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Modern geodetic techniques have developed rapidly in recent years, providing reliable observation data and new effective approaches, and greatly enhancing studies of the Tibetan geodynamics. For instance, the well-known GPS technique has been employed to measure seismic slips for many faults in the Tibetan Plateau. GPS data agree well with the hypothesis of a thickening crust and eastward mass flow. Moreover, absolute gravimetric data have been applied to interpret geophysical phenomena such as crust movement, co-seismic gravity change, GIA, and ground water change. The satellite gravity mission grace launched in 2002 provided global gravity models with unprecedentedly high precision and high spatial resolution. It has been used in implementing temporal gravity changes and improving our knowledge of the Earth＇s interior, including lithosphere dynamics, mantle viscosity and rheology, plateau uplift, and subduction processing. It is noteworthy that gravity presents unique advantages for the study of Tibetan geodynamics because of its sensitivity to mass migration and dynamic redistribution. To date, great advances have been made in applying modern geodetic data in studying dynamic changes of Tibetan plateau. For instance, the horizontal displacement field from GPS data revealed dynamical characteristics of the present-day Tibetan plateau. The combination of gravity anomalies and topographic data describe the tectonic characteristics of Tibetan plateau. The combination of gravity data and GPS data show present properties of the Tibetan plateau such as crust thickening, Moho＇s subsidence, and plateau uplift. grace data were used to estimate the distribution of ice/snow melting. These results demonstrate that mere application of integrated geodetic data as well as geophysical methods and numerical simulations can enhance our knowledge of Tibetan plateau dynamics. It must be pointed out that grace data include various geophysical signals such as crust vertical movement, d

关键词： modern geodesy gravity GPS gravity satellite geodynamics Tibetan plateau

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Maize straw application as an interlayer improves organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations in the soil profile: A four-year experiment in a saline soil

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第6期22卷 1870-1882页

作者： CHANG Fang-di WANG Xi-quan SONG Jia-shen ZHANG Hong-yuan YU Ru WANG Jing LIU Jian WANG Shang JI Hong-jie LI Yu-yi Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China The Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research(NIBIO) As 1431Norway Department of Soil and Plant Microbiome Institute of PhytopathologyChristian-Albrechts-University of KielKiel 24118Germany

Soil salinization is a critical environmental issue restricting agricultural *** return of straw to the soil as an interlayer (at 40 cm depth) has been a popular practice to alleviate salt ***,the legacy effects of straw added as an interlayer at different rates on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in saline soils still remain ***,a four-year (2015–2018) field experiment was conducted with four levels (i.e.,0,6,12and 18 Mg ha~(–1)) of straw returned as an *** with no straw interlayer (CK),straw addition increased SOC concentration by 14–32 and 11–57%in the 20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers,*** increases in soil TN concentration (8–22 and 6–34%in the 20–40 and 40–60 cm soil layers,respectively) were lower than that for SOC concentration,which led to increased soil C:N ratio in the 20–60 cm soil *** in SOC and TN concentrations in the 20–60 cm soil layer with straw addition led to a decrease in stratification ratios (0–20 cm:20–60 cm),which promoted uniform distributions of SOC and TN in the soil *** in SOC and TN concentrations were associated with soil salinity and moisture regulation and improved sunflower ***,compared with other treatments,the application of 12 Mg ha~(–1) straw had higher SOC,TN and C:N ratio,and lower soil stratification ratio in the2015–2017 *** results highlighted that legacy effects of straw application as an interlayer were maintained for at least four years,and demonstrated that deep soil straw application had a great potential for improving subsoil fertility in salt-affected soils.

关键词： straw addition interlayer soil organic carbon soil nitrogen C:N ratio saline soil

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Erratum to:Deriving Temporal and Vertical Distributions of Methane in Xianghe Using Ground-based Fourier Transform Infrared and Gas-analyzer

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 377-377页

作者： Denghui JI Minqiang ZHOU Pucai WANG Yang YANG Ting WANG Xiaoyu SUN christian HERMANS Bo YAO Gengchen WANG Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy Brussels 1180Belgium University of Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Meteorological Observation Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

“Diurnal variation of CH4 at the surface from spring to *** time units are in local time(+8 h UTC).The error bar is 1σfor all the observed hourly mean data within that season at that local time.”in the caption of Fig.8 on Page 604 should be“Diurnal variation of CH4 at the surface from spring to *** time units are in *** error bar is 1σfor all the observed hourly mean data within that season at that local time.”

关键词： winter season Infrared

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A new model describing Forbush Decreases at Mars: combining the heliospheric modulation and the atmospheric influence

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第1期4卷 62-72页

作者： Jingnan Guo Robert FWimmer-Schweingruber Mateja Dumbović Bernd Heber YuMing Wang School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Chinese academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics Christian-Albrechts-UniversityKielDE 24118Germany Hvar Observatory Faculty of GeodesyUniversity of ZagrebCroatia

Forbush decreases are depressions in the galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) that are caused primarily by modulations of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) but also occasionally by stream/corotating interaction regions (SIRs/CIRs). Forbush decreases have been studied extensively using neutron monitors at Earth;recently, for the first time, they have been measured on the surface of another planet, Mars, by the Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) on board the Mars Science Laboratory’s (MSL) rover Curiosity. The modulation of GCR particles by heliospheric transients in space is energy-dependent;afterwards, these particles interact with the Martian atmosphere, the interaction process depending on particle type and energy. In order to use ground-measured Forbush decreases to study the space weather environment near Mars, it is important to understand and quantify the energy-dependent modulation of the GCR particles by not only the pass-by heliospheric disturbances but also by the Martian atmosphere. Accordingly, this study presents a model that quantifies both at the Martian surface and in the interplanetary space near Mars the amplitudes of Forbush decreases at Mars during the pass-by of an ICME/SIR by combining the heliospheric modulation of GCRs with the atmospheric modification of such modulated GCR spectra. The modeled results are in good agreement with measurements of Forbush decreases caused by ICMEs/SIRs based on data collected by MSL on the surface of Mars and by the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft in orbit. Our model and these findings support the validity of both the Forbush decrease description and Martian atmospheric transport models.

关键词： ICME and Forbush decreases space weather at Mars Mars:atmosphere GCR radiation

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Spectral analysis of quasi-stationary sea surface topography from grace mission

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 2040-2048页

作者： ZHANG Zizhan1,2 & LU Yang1,3 1. Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China 2. Graduate School of the Chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China 3. Unite Center for Astro-geodymics Research, Chinese academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China Graduate School of the Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing China Unite Center for Astro-geodymics Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

During the last two decades satellite altimetry has offered an abundance of meas-urements of the sea surface resulting in the improvement of global mean sea surface height (MSSH) and marine geoid determination. On the other hand, with the launching of new genera-tion gravity satellites, some high accuracy long-wavelength gravity models are available. These breakthroughs give us a great opportunity for new estimation of quasi-stationary sea surface topography (QSST). In this paper, the new gravity model GGM01C derived from grace mission is briefly presented, and a new global high precision and high-resolution QSST is determined based on the GGM01C model and the global MSSH. The spectral features of the QSST esti-mated by GGM01C and EGM96 gravity model to degree/order 200 are discussed by spectral analysis. As a result, the QSST is mainly composed of long waves, medium waves partially and short waves scarcely, its power spectral structures are different between the zonal direction and the meridional direction, there are great differences between the two models, which maybe ex-plain why the ocean currents derived from the two gravity models by Tapley show different pat-terns.

关键词： quasi-stationary sea surface topography, mean sea surface height, GGM01, fast Fourier transform, spectral analysis

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Prevalence of intellectual disability in India:A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2022年第2期11卷 206-214页

作者： Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar Russell Sahana Nagaraj Ashvini Vengadavaradan Sushila Russell Priya Mary Mammen Satya Raj Shankar Shonima Aynipully Viswanathan Richa Earnest Swetha Madhuri Chikkala grace Rebekah Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632002Tamil NaduIndia Department of Psychiatry Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632002Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biostatistic Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632002Tamil NaduIndia

BACKGROUND Burden due to intellectual disability(ID) is only third to the depressive disorders and anxiety disorders in India. This national burden significantly contributes to the global burden of ID and hence one has to think globally and act locally to reduce this burden. At its best the collective prevalence of ID is in the form of narrative reviews. There is an urgent need to document the summary prevalence of ID to enhance further policymaking, national programs and resource *** To establish the summary prevalence of ID during the past 60 years in *** Two researchers independently and electronically searched Pub Med, Scopus, and the Cochrane library from January 1961 to December 2020 using appropriate search terms. Two other investigators extracted the study design, setting, participant characteristics, and measures used to identify ID. Two other researchers appraised the quality of the studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal format for Prevalence Studies. Funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were used to ascertain the publication and small study effect on the prevalence. To evaluate the summary prevalence of ID, we used the random effects model with arcsine square-root transformation. Heterogeneity of I^(2)≥ 50% was considered substantial and we determined the heterogeneity with meta-regression. The analyses were performed using STATA(version 16).RESULTS Nineteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. There was publication bias;the trim-and-fill method was used to further ascertain bias. Concerns with control of confounders and the reliable measure of outcome were noted in the critical appraisal. The summary prevalence of ID was 2% [(95%CI: 2%, 3%);I^(2)= 98%] and the adjusted summary prevalence was 1.4%. Meta-regression demonstrated that age of the participants was statistically significantly related to the prevalence;other factors did not influence the prevalence or *** The summary preva

关键词： India Intellectual disability Prevalence Children and adolescents Meta-analysis

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Using a New Auxiliary Equation to Construct Abundant Solutions for Nonlinear Evolution Equations

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2021年第12期9卷 3155-3164页

作者： Yifan Liu Guojiang Wu United christian academy Civic Center Drive Rancho Cucamonga USA Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China

In this paper, a new auxiliary equation method is proposed. Combined with the mapping method, abundant periodic wave solutions for generalized Klein-Gordon equation and Benjamin equation are obtained. They are new types of periodic wave solutions which are rarely found in previous studies. As m → 0 and m → 1, some new types of trigonometric solutions and solitary solutions are also obtained correspondingly. This method is promising for constructing abundant periodic wave solutions and solitary solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) in mathematical physics.

关键词： Auxiliary Equation Method Nonlinear Evolution Equations Periodic Wave Solutions Mapping Method Solitary Wave Solutions

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Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale:A diagnostic metaanalysis

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2022年第2期11卷 196-205页

作者： Paul Swamidhas Sudhakar Russell Priya Mary Mammen Satya Raj Shankar Shonima Aynipully Viswanathan grace Rebekah Sushila Russell Richa Earnest Swetha Madhuri Chikkala Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632002Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biostatistics Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632002Tamil NaduIndia

BACKGROUND Emergence delirium(EmD)is a troublesome motoric,emotional,and cognitive disturbance associated with *** is often misdiagnosed despite being present in a substantial proportion of children and adolescents during emergence from *** To evaluate the summary diagnostic accuracy of Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale(PAEDS)for EmD among children and *** Two researchers electronically and hand searched the published literature from May 2004 to February 2021 that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of PAEDS for EmD among children and adolescents,using appropriate *** independent researchers extracted the diagnostic parameters and appraised the study quality with ***,the diagnostic accuracy of the measures was calculated with the summary receiver operating characteristic curve(SROC),the summary sensitivity and specificity,and diagnostic odds ratio(DOR)for *** diagnostic cut-off points were evaluated for their diagnostic *** was analyzed by *** Nine diagnostic accuracy studies of EmD that conformed to our selection criteria and PRISMA guidelines were included in the final *** was no publication *** area under the SROC was 0.97(95%confidence interval[CI]:95%-98%).Summary sensitivity and specificity were 0.91(95%CI:0.81-0.96;I2=92.93%)and 0.94(95%CI:0.89-0.97;I2=87.44%),*** summary DOR was 148.33(95%CI:48.32-455.32).The effect size for the subgroup analysis of PAEDS cut-off scores of<10,≥10,and≥12 was 3.73,2.19,and 2.93,respectively;they were not statistically significantly *** setting of the study and reference standard were statistically significantly related to the sensitivity of PAEDS but not *** The PAEDS is an accurate diagnostic measure for the diagnosis of EmD among children and *** studies should document its clinical utility.

关键词： Anesthesia Children Emergence delirium Diagnostic accuracy Measure Meta-analysis

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