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Phenomics 2024年第1期4卷 51-55页

作者： Jialin Li Qingxia Huang Yingzhe Wang Mei Cui Kelin Xu Chen Suo Zhenqiu Liu Yanpeng An Li Jin Huiru Tang Xingdong Chen Yanfeng Jiang State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Human Phenome InstituteZhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Centerand National Clinical Research Center for Aging and MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan University2005 Songhu RdShanghai 200438China Fudan University Taizhou institute of Health Sciences Taizhou 225326China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School of Life SciencesMetabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular PhenomicsHuman Phenome InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan University2005 Songhu RdShanghai 200438China Department of Neurology Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety Department of BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Shanghai institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity Shanghai 200032China Yiwu research institute of Fudan University Yiwu 322000ZhejiangChina International Human Phenome institute(Shanghai) Shanghai 201203China greater bay area institute of Precision Medicine(Guangzhou) Fudan UniversityGuangzhou 511462China

Cardiovascular health metrics are now widely recognized as modifable risk factors for cognitive decline and dementia.Metabolic perturbations might play roles in the linkage of cardiovascular diseases and dementia.Circulating metabolites profling by metabolomics may improve understanding of the potential mechanism by which cardiovascular risk factors contribute to cognitive decline.In a prospective community-based cohort in China(n=725),312 serum metabolic phenotypes were quantifed,and cardiovascular health score was calculated including smoking,exercise,sleep,diet,body mass index,blood pressure,and blood glucose.Cognitive function assessments were conducted in baseline and follow-up visits to identify longitudinal cognitive decline.A better cardiovascular health was signifcantly associated with lower risk of concentration decline and orientation decline(hazard ratio(HR):0.84–0.90;pgreater risks of cognitive decline,which were found to be mediated by circulating lipoproteins,particularly the medium-size HDL components.These fndings underscore the potential of utilizing lipoproteins as targets for early stage dementia screening and intervention.

关键词： Cardiovascular risk factors Lipoproteins Lipids Cognition Cognitive decline

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A core scientific problem in the treatment of central nervous system diseases:newborn neurons

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2588-2601页

作者： Peng Hao Zhaoyang Yang Kwok-Fai So Xiaoguang Li Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Guangdong-HongKong-Macao institute of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint LaboratoryJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Bioland Laboratory(Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology and State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay AreaGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina

It has long been asserted that failure to recover from central nervous system diseases is due to the system's intricate structure and the regenerative incapacity of adult neurons.Yet over recent decades,numerous studies have established that endogenous neurogenesis occurs in the adult central nervous system,including humans'.This has challenged the long-held scientific consensus that the number of adult neurons remains constant,and that new central nervous system neurons cannot be created or renewed.Herein,we present a comprehensive overview of the alterations and regulatory mechanisms of endogenous neurogenesis following central nervous system injury,and describe novel treatment strategies that to rget endogenous neurogenesis and newborn neurons in the treatment of central nervous system injury.Central nervous system injury frequently results in alterations of endogenous neurogenesis,encompassing the activation,proliferation,ectopic migration,diffe rentiation,and functional integration of endogenous neural stem cells.Because of the unfavorable local microenvironment,most activated neural stem cells diffe rentiate into glial cells rather than neurons.Consequently,the injury-induced endogenous neurogenesis response is inadequate for repairing impaired neural function.Scientists have attempted to enhance endogenous neurogenesis using various strategies,including using neurotrophic factors,bioactive materials,and cell reprogramming techniques.Used alone or in combination,these therapeutic strategies can promote targeted migration of neural stem cells to an injured area,ensure their survival and diffe rentiation into mature functional neurons,and facilitate their integration into the neural circuit.Thus can integration re plenish lost neurons after central nervous system injury,by improving the local microenvironment.By regulating each phase of endogenous neurogenesis,endogenous neural stem cells can be harnessed to promote effective regeneration of newborn neurons.This offers a novel approach for treating central ne

关键词： bioactive materials brain trauma endogenous neurogenesis hippocampal dentate gyrus neural stem cells neurotrophic factors newborn neurons spinal cord injury stroke subventricular zone

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Telomere-to-telomere genome of the allotetraploid legume Sesbania cannabina reveals transposon-driven subgenome divergence and mechanisms of alkaline stress tolerance

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 149-160页

作者： Haofei Luo Xiaofei Wang Changqing You Xuedan Wu Duofeng Pan Zhiyao Lv Tong Li Dongmei Zhang Zhongbao Shen Xiaodong Zhang Guodao Liu Kaixuan He Qingtong Ye Yajun Jia Qinghua Zhao Xian Deng Xiaofeng Cao Xianwei Song Gai Huang State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Hainan Yazhou bay Seed Lab Sanya 572025China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150086China Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan 250100China National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land Dongying 257345China Shandong Green Manure Ecological Technology Co. LtdDongying 257345China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101China

Alkaline soils pose an increasing problem for agriculture worldwide,but using stress-tolerant plants as green manure can improve marginal land.Here,we show that the legume Sesbania cannabina is very tolerant to alkaline conditions and,when used as a green manure,substantially improves alkaline soil.To understand genome evolution and the mechanisms of stress tolerance in this allotetraploid legume,we generated the first telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of S.cannabina spanning~2,087 Mb.The assembly included all centromeric regions,which contain centromeric satellite repeats,and complete chromosome ends with telomeric characteristics.Further genome analysis distinguished A and B subgenomes,which diverged approximately 7.9 million years ago.Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the chromosome homoeologs underwent large-scale inversion events(>10 Mb)and a significant,transposon-driven size expansion of the chromosome 5A homoeolog.We further identified four specific alkali-induced phosphate transporter genes in S.cannabina;these may function in alkali tolerance by relieving the deficiency in available phosphorus in alkaline soil.Our work highlights the significance of S.cannabina as a green tool to improve marginal lands and sheds light on subgenome evolution and adaptation to alkaline soils.

关键词： Sesbania cannabina alkaline stress telomere-to-telomere genome legume green manure phosphate transporter allotetraploid

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Interactivity software tools for teaching in ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第1期9卷 10-23页

作者： Jesús Barrio-Barrio Department of Ophthalmology Navarra University Clinic HospitalNavarra Institute for Health ResearchIdiSNAPamplonaSpain

The use of interactive audience software,such as audience response systems(ARS),in medical education has become increasingly popular in recent years.This technology allows instructors to engage students in real time,encouraging active participation and promoting effective learning.The benefits of interactive audience software in medical education include increased student engagement,promotion of active learning,and enhanced learning outcomes.However,there are also several challenges to its implementation,including technical difficulties,careful planning and preparation,over-reliance on technology,and ethical concerns related to privacy and data security.The cost of implementing interactive audience software may also be a barrier for some institutions.This paper specifically reviews six interactive software platforms,including Socrative,Quizizz,Pear Deck,Slido,Wooclap and ClassPoint.These platforms allow for real-time assessment of student understanding,feedback,and participation.They also enable instructors to adjust their teaching strategies based on student responses and feedback.Overall,interactive audience software has shown great potential to enhance learning and engagement in medical education.It is important for instructors to carefully consider the benefits and challenges of its implementation.While the cost of implementing interactive audience software may be a barrier for some institutions,there are free and low-cost options available.

关键词： Interactive audience software mobile software audience response systems(ARS) medical education

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Finite barrier bound state

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 664-671页

作者： Tao Liu Kai Bai Yicheng Zhang Duanduan Wan Yun Lai C.T.Chan Meng Xiao Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology Wuhan University430072 WuhanChina. National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of Physicsand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University210093 NanjingChina. Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloon999077Hong KongChina. Wuhan institute of Quantum Technology 430206 WuhanChina

A boundary mode localized on one side of a finite-size lattice can tunnel to the opposite side which results in unwanted couplings.Conventional wisdom tells that the tunneling probability decays exponentially with the size of the system which thus requires many lattice sites before eventually becoming negligibly small.Here we show that the tunneling probability for some boundary modes can apparently vanish at specific wavevectors.Thus,similar to bound states in the continuum,a boundary mode can be completely trapped within very few lattice sites where the bulk bandgap is not even well-defined.More intriguingly,the number of trapped states equals the number of lattice sites along the normal direction of the boundary.We provide two configurations and validate the existence of this peculiar finite barrier-bound state experimentally in a dielectric photonic crystal at microwave frequencies.Our work offers extreme flexibility in tuning the coupling between localized states and channels as well as a new mechanism that facilitates unprecedented manipulation of light.

关键词： boundary state eventually

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Large-scale genome-wide SNP analysis reveals the rugged(and ragged)landscape of global ancestry,phylogeny,and demographic history in chicken breeds

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第4期25卷 324-340页

作者： Natalia V.DEMENTIEVA Yuri S.SHCHERBAKOV Olga I.STANISHEVSKAYA Anatoly B.VAKHRAMEEV Tatiana A.LARKINA Artem P.DYSIN Olga A.NIKOLAEVA Anna E.RYABOVA Anastasiia I.AZOVTSEVA Olga V.MITROFANOVA Grigoriy K.PEGLIVANYAN Natalia R.REINBACH Darren K.GRIFFIN Michael N.ROMANOV Russian research institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding-Branch of the L.K.Ernst Federal research Centre for Animal Husbandry.Pushkin St.Petersburg196601Russia School of Biosciences University of KentCanterburyCT27NJUK L.K.Ernst Federal research Center for Animal Husbandry DubrovitsyPodolskMoscow Oblast142132Russia

The worldwide chicken gene pool encompasses a remarkable,but shrinking,number of divergently selected breeds of diverse origin.This study was a large-scale genome-wide analysis of the landscape of the complex molecular architecture,genetic variability,and detailed structure among 49 populations.These populations represent a significant sample of the world's chicken breeds from Europe(Russia,Czech Republic,France,Spain,UK,etc.),Asia(China),North America(USA),and Oceania(Australia).Based on the results of breed genotyping using the Illumina 60K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)chip,a bioinformatic analysis was carried out.This included the calculation of heterozygosity/homozygosity statistics,inbreeding coefficients,and effective population size.It also included assessment of linkage disequilibrium and construction of phylogenetic trees.Using multidimensional scaling,principal component analysis,and ADMIXTURE-assisted global ancestry analysis,we explored the genetic structure of populations and subpopulations in each breed.An overall 49-population phylogeny analysis was also performed,and a refined evolutionary model of chicken breed formation was proposed,which included egg,meat,dual-purpose types,and ambiguous breeds.Such a large-scale survey of genetic resources in poultry farming using modern genomic methods is of great interest both from the viewpoint of a general understanding of the genetics of the domestic chicken and for the further development of genomic technologies and approaches in poultry breeding.In general,whole genome SNP genotyping of promising chicken breeds from the worldwide gene pool will promote the further development of modern genomic science as applied to poultry.

关键词： Chicken genome diversity Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)analysis Gene pool Global ancestry Phylogeny Demographic history

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Room-temperature phonon-coupled single-photon emission in hexagonal boron nitride

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 109-114页

作者： Jia-Min Lai Qing-Hai Tan Feilong Song Haonan Chang Yanpei Lv Xue-Lu Liu Jinghua Teng Weibo Gao Ping-Heng Tan Jun Zhang State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083China Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education&research institute of Materials Science Shanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030000China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore institute of Materials research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138634Singapore

Photon-lattice(phonon)coupling is fundamental to light-matter interaction,particularly when it reaches the quantum limit of the phonon-coupled single-photon emission,which holds great potential for quantum manipulation and quantum information transduction.Here,we report single defect state-phonon coupling in hexagonal boron nitride(h BN)at room temperature.An ultrabroad spectrum of single-photon emissions can be achieved by selecting the excitation energies.Using photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy,we observe single-phonon-assisted resonance-enhanced single-photon emission,along with multiple phonon replicas that herald the creation of phonon Fock state.We also develop a transition model to gain insight into the physical process behind the single defect state-phonon coupling.Our work sets the stage for manipulating electron-phonon coupling state with single quantum-level precision at room temperature.

关键词： temperature phonon hexagonal

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Fate of organophosphate esters from the Northwestern Pacific to the Southern Ocean:Occurrence,distribution,and fugacity model simulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 347-357页

作者： Tengda Shi Ruijing Li Jie Fu Chao Hou Hui Gao Guanjie Cheng Haibo Zhang Shuaichen Jin Liang Kong Guangshui Na College of Marine Technology and Environment Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China Laboratory for coastal marine eco-environment process and carbon sink of Hainan province/Yazhou bay Innovation institute Hainan Tropical Ocean UniversitySanya 572022China National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center Dalian 116023China College of Marine Ecology and Environment Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China NCS Testing Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 10081China

Eleven organophosphate esters(OPEs)in the air and seawater were investigated from the northwestern Pacific Ocean to the Southern Ocean during the 2018 Chinese 34th Antarctic Scientific Expedition.The concentration of total OPEs ranged from 164.82 to 3501.79 pg/m~3in air and from 4.54 to 70.09 ng/L in seawater.Two halogenated OPEs,tri(chloropropyl)phosphate(TCPP)and tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP),were generally more abundant than the non-halogenated OPEs.A levelⅢfugacity model was developed to simulate the transfer and fate of seven OPEs in the air and seawater regions of the central Ross Sea.The model results indicate that OPEs are transferred from the air to the seawater in the central Ross Sea in summer,during which the Ross Sea acts as a final OPE sink.Dry and wet deposition dominated the processes involving OPE transfer to seawater.The OPE degradation process was also found to be more pervasive in the atmosphere than in the seawater region.These findings highlights the importance of long-range transport of OPEs and their air–seawater interface behavior in the Antarctic.

关键词： Organophosphate esters(OPEs) Long-range transport Fugacity model Antarctic Fate

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Hydrodynamics and OCM reaction performance in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor and a riser reactor

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 188-204页

作者： Min Cai Shuangzhu Kong Sheng Chen Mengxi Liu Chunxi Lu State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China China Special Equipment Inspection and research institute Beijing102249China

The reasonable reactor design is of great importance for increasing the C_(2) yield(C2H4 and C2H6)of the oxidative coupling of methane(OCM),and the OCM reactor should remove the heat released in reactions quickly and efficiently and minimize the consecutive reaction of ethylene to carbon oxides.The fluidized bed reactor is characterized by excellent heat transfer,superior mass transport,and large handling capacity,while fewer studies focused on large-scale fluidized bed reactors for the OCM reaction.Therefore,large cold-model experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate hydrodynamics and the OCM reaction performance in a large-scale bubbling fluidized bed(BFB)and a large-scale riser.In the BFB reactor,consecutive reactions of ethylene are acute because of the strong gas back-mixing,high solids holdup,and non-uniform solids distribution.While the consecutive reactions of ethylene are negligible due to the plug flow structure and low solids holdup in the riser reactor.Further,both reactors can achieve isothermal operation for the OCM process.The C_(2) selectivity of 45.4% and C_(2) yield of 21.1% are obtained in the riser reactor,increasing by 20.3% and 5.8% individually than that in the BFB reactor.This study provides useful information and reference to the OCM reactor designandcommercialization.

关键词： Oxidative coupling of methane Bubbling fluidized bed reactor Riser reactor Hydrodynamics Isothermal operation

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Therapeutic potential of urine-derived stem cells in renal regeneration following acute kidney injury:A comparative analysis with mesenchymal stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 525-537页

作者： Fang Li Bin Zhao Lei Zhang Guo-Qing Chen Li Zhu Xiao-Ling Feng Meng-Jia Gong Cheng-Chen Hu Yuan-Yuan Zhang Ming Li Yong-Qiang Liu Department of General Surgery Chongqing General HospitalChongqing 401147China Department of Pediatric research institute Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401147China

BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a common clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality rates.The use of pluripotent stem cells holds great promise for the treatment of AKI.Urine-derived stem cells(USCs)are a novel and versatile cell source in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine that provide advantages of a noninvasive,simple,and low-cost approach and are induced with high multidifferentiation potential.Whether these cells could serve as a potential stem cell source for the treatment of AKI has not been determined.METHODS Stem cell markers with multidifferentiation potential were isolated from human amniotic fluid.AKI severe combined immune deficiency(SCID)mice models were induced by means of an intramuscular injection with glycerol.USCs isolated from human-voided urine were administered via tail veins.The functional changes in the kidney were assessed by the levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine.The histologic changes were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and transferase dUTP nick-end labeling staining.Meanwhile,we compared the regenerative potential of USCs with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).RESULTS Treatment with USCs significantly alleviated histological destruction and functional decline.The renal function was rapidly restored after intravenous injection of 5×105 human USCs into SCID mice with glycerol-induced AKI compared with injection of saline.Results from secretion assays conducted in vitro demonstrated that both stem cell varieties released a wide array of cytokines and growth factors.This suggests that a mixture of various mediators closely interacts with their biochemical functions.Two types of stem cells showed enhanced tubular cell prolif-eration and decreased tubular cell apoptosis,although USC treatment was not more effective than MSC treatment.We found that USC therapy significantly improved renal function and histological damage,inhibited inflammation and apoptosis processes in the kidney,and promoted tubular epithelial proliferatio

关键词： Urine-derived stem cells Regenerative medicine Acute kidney injury Renal function recovery Cell therapy

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