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A short climatology of black and brown carbon and their sources at a suburban site impacted by smoke in Brazil

Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 498-511页

作者： Admir Creso Targino Patricia Krecl Gabriel Yoshikazu Oukawa Eva Maria Mollinedo graduate program in environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil Department of environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil

Emissions from biomass burning challenge efforts to curb air pollution in cities downwind of fire-prone regions,as they contribute large amounts of brown carbon(Br C)and black carbon(BC)*** investigated the patterns of Br C and BC concentrations using Aethalometer data(atλ=370 and 880 nm,respectively)spanning four years at a site impacted by the outflow of *** data required to be post processed for the shadowing effect since,without correction,concentrations would be between 29%and 35%*** Br C concentrations were consistently higher than the BC concentrations,indicating the prevalence of aerosols from biomass *** results were supported by the Angstrom coefficient(A_(370/880)),with values predominantly larger than 1(mean±standard deviation:1.25±0.31).A_(370/880)values below 1 were more prevalent during the wet season,which suggests a contribution from fossil fuel *** observed sharp Br C and BC seasonal signals,with mean minimum concentrations of 0.40μg/m^(3)and 0.36μg/m^(3),respectively,in the wet season,and mean maximum concentrations of 2.05μg/m^(3)and 1.53μg/m^(3)in the dry *** largest concentrations were observed when northerly air masses moved over regions with a high density of fire *** burning of residential solid waste and industrial combustion caused extreme Br C and BC concentrations under favourable wind *** neither pollutant is included in any ambient air quality standards,our results suggest that transboundary smoke may hamper efforts to meet the World Health Organization guidelines for fine particles.

关键词： Light-absorbing carbonaceous matter Black carbon Wildfires Biomass burning Aethalometer

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Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics and driving factors of ethnicminority villages in China using geospatial technology and statistical models

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2770-2789页

作者： SHAO Dandan ZOH Kyungjin Interdisciplinary program in Landscape Architecture Graduate School of Environmental StudiesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea graduate School of environmental Studies Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

This study aims to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of 1,652 Ethnic-Minority Villages(EMV)in China and to analyze the mechanisms driving their spatial *** are a special type of settlement space that preserve a large number of historical traces of the ethnic culture of ancient *** are important carriers of China’s excellent traditional culture and are key to the implementation of rural revitalization *** this study,1652 EMV in China were selected as the research *** Nearest Neighbor Index,kernel density,and spatial autocorrelation index were employed to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of minority *** network models,spatial lag models,and geographical detectors were used to analyze the formation mechanism of spatial heterogeneity in *** results indicate that:(1)EMV exhibit significant spatial differentiation characterized by“single-core with multiple surrounding sub-centers,”“polarization between east and west,”“decreasing quantity from southwest to east coast to northeast to northwest,”and“large dispersion with small agglomeration.”(2)EMV are mainly distributed in areas rich in intangible cultural heritage,with high vegetation coverage and low altitude,far from central cities,and having limited arable land and an underdeveloped economy and transportation,particularly in shaded or riverbank areas.(3)Distance from the nearest river(X3),distance from central cities(X8),national intangible cultural heritage(X9),and NDVI(X10)were the main driving factors affecting the spatial distribution of EMV,whereas elevation(X1)and GDP(X5)had the weakest *** EMV are a relatively unique territorial spatial unit,the identification of their spatial heterogeneity characteristics not only deepens the research content of settlement geography,but also involves the assessment,protection,and development of Minority Villages,which is of great significance for the inheritance and utilization of excellent

关键词： Ethnic-Minority Villages Spatial structure Settlement geography Neural network model Spatial econometric model GeoDetector

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Visible light-driven oxidation of non-native substrate by laccase attached on Ru-based metal-organic frameworks

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 741-753页

作者： Wenguang Huang Wentao Zhang Guantongyi Chen Yun Chen Jun Ma Dawei Huang Qinzheng Zhaoc Bingdang Wu State environmental Protection Key Laboratory of environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and Environment of PRCGuangzhou 510655China Tsinghua Shenzhen International graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China School of environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215002China Key Laboratory of Suzhou Sponge City technology Suzhou 215002China

Light-induced electron transfer can broaden the substrate range of ***,the efficiency of photo-enzyme coupling is limited by the poor combination of photosensitizer or photocatalyst with ***,we prepared the nano-photocatalyst MIL-125-NH_(2)@Ru(bpy)by in site embedding ruthenium pyridine-diimine complex[Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+)into metal organic frameworks MIL-125-NH_(2)and associated it with multicopper oxidase(MCO)*** to[Ru(bpy)_(3)]^(2+),the coupling efficiency of MIL-125-NH_(2)@Ru(bpy)_(3)for enzymatic oxygen reduction increased by 35.7%.A series of characterizations confirmed that the amino group of laccase formed chemical bonds with the surface defects or hydrophobic groups of MIL-125-NH_(2)@Ru(bpy)_(3).Consequently,the tight binding accelerated the quenching process and electron transfer between laccase and the immobilized ruthenium pyridine-diimine *** work would open an avenue for the synthesis of MOFs photocatalyst towards photo-enzyme coupling.

关键词： Laccase Light-driven biocatalysis Ruthenium photocatalyst Metal-organic frameworks Enzyme immobilization

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Conductive and stable polyphenylene/CNT composite membrane for electrically enhanced membrane fouling mitigation

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 35-47页

作者： Huijuan Xie Haiguang Zhang Xu Wang Gaoliang Wei Shuo Chen Xie Quan Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and environmental Engineering(Ministry of Education) School of Environmental Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

Nanocarbon-based conductive membranes, especially carbon nanotube (CNT)-based membranes, have tremendous potential for wastewater treatment and water purification because of their excellent water permeability and selectivity, as well as their electrochemically enhanced performance (e.g., improved antifouling ability). However, it remains challenging to prepare CNT membranes with high structural stability and high electrical conductivity. In this study, a highly electroconductive and structurally stable polyphenylene/CNT (PP/CNT) composite membrane was prepared by electropolymerizing biphenyl on a CNT hollow fiber membrane. The PP/CNT membrane showed 3.4 and 5.0 times higher electrical conductivity than pure CNT and poly(vinyl alcohol)/CNT (PVA/CNT) membranes, respectively. The structural stability of the membrane was superior to that of the pure CNT membrane and comparable to that of the PVA/CNT membrane. The membrane fouling was significantly alleviated under an electrical assistance of −2.0 V, with a flux loss of only 11.7% after 5 h filtration of humic acid, which is significantly lower than those of PP/CNT membranes without electro-assistance (56.8%) and commercial polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes (64.1%). Additionally, the rejection of negatively charged pollutants (humic acid and sodium alginate) was improved by the enhanced electrostatic repulsion. After four consecutive filtration-cleaning cycle tests, the flux recovery rate after backwashing reached 97.2%, which was much higher than those of electricity-free PP/CNT membranes (67.0%) and commercial PVDF membranes (61.1%). This study offers insights into the preparation of stable conductive membranes for membrane fouling control in potential water treatment applications.

关键词： Polyphenylene CNTs Membrane Electro-assistance Membrane fouling mitigation

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Numerical insight into heat transfer enhancement by granules inner-migration in a moving bed:A performance comparison between slanted-stick and plow-shaped agitator

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 109-116页

作者： Binfan Jiang Hao Pei Dehong Xia Haiyang Wang School of Energy and environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shunde graduate School of University of Science and technology Beijing Guangdong 528399China Jianlong Group&USTB Joint Laboratory Beijing 100083China

Waste heat recovery of high-temperature granules is one of the most promising sustainable energy supply and carbon reduction ways for industry.A moving bed indirect heat exchanger(MBIHE)with inner-migration was proposed for granular heat *** migration and the enhanced heat transfer induced by two types of agitators(i.e.,agitator with slanted stick A_(s)and with plow-shaped surface A_(p))in the MBIHE are analyzed based on DEM coupled with *** to the effective agitation,the average heat transfer coefficient in the granule side is enhanced to∼3 times compared to that without *** heat recovery efficiency in the moving bed reached more than 70%with the agitations of either A_(s)or A_(p).The heat efficiency of A_(s)is∼7%higher than that of A_(p),but with at least 60%greater rotational *** ensure reliable agitation,the A_(p)is suggested to be adopted in the MBIHE to induce granule migration.

关键词： Waste heat recovery High-temperature granule Granule migration Heat transfer enhancement Industry energy saving

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Atmospheric VOCs in an industrial coking facility and the surrounding area:Characteristics,spatial distribution and source apportionment

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 660-670页

作者： Meicheng Wen Weiqiang Deng Jin Huang Shu Zhang Qinhao Lin ChaoWang Shengtao Ma Wanjun Wang Xin Zhang Guiying Li Taicheng An Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk ControlInstitute of Environmental Health and Pollution controlGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Engineering technology Research Center for Photocatalytic technology Integration and Equipment Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution ControlSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Institute of environmental Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Industrial coking facilities are an important emission source for volatile organic compounds(VOCs).This study analyzed the atmospheric VOC characteristics within an industrial coking facility and its surrounding *** concentrations of total VOCs(TVOCs)in the surrounding residential activity areas(R1 and R2),the coking facility(CF)and the control area(CA)were determined to be 138.5,47.8,550.0,and 15.0μg/m^(3),*** cold drum process and coking and quenching areas within the coking facility were identified as the main polluting *** spatial variation in VOCs composition was analyzed,showing that VOCs in the coking facility and surrounding areas were mainly dominated by aromatic compounds such as BTX(benzene,toluene,and xylenes)and naphthalene,with concentrations being negatively correlated with the distance from the coking facility(p<0.01).The sources of VOCs in different functional areas across the monitoring area were analyzed,finding that coking emissions accounted for 73.5%,33.3% and 27.7% of TVOCs in CF,R1 and R2,*** results demonstrated that coking emissions had a significant impact on VOC concentrations in the areas surrounding coking *** study evaluates the spatial variation in exposure to VOCs,providing important information for the influence of VOCs concentration posed by coking facility to surrounding residents and the development of strategies for VOC abatement.

关键词： Coking facility Volatile organic compounds Emission inventory Spatial distribution Source apportionment

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Photodegradation of xylene isomers:Kinetics,mechanism,secondary pollutant formation potential and health risk evaluation

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 658-669页

作者： Xiaoyan Chen Weikun Zhu Sufen Feng Jiangyao Chen Guangdong Key Laboratory of environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Health and Pollution ControlGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangzhou Key Laboratory of environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and HealthSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

Photodegradation technology has been widely applied in the purification of industrial aromatic ***,whether this technology efficiently removes the pollutants to prevent secondary pollution and health risk is still ***,the photodegradation processes of three xylenes were compared under designed reaction atmospheres and light *** lamp showed poor photodegradation ability toward xylenes,no matter in N_(2) or N_(2)+O_(2)system,while much higher photodegradation performance of xylenes were obtained under ultraviolet(UV)and vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)irradiation,especially in N_(2)+O_(2)+VUV system,where 97.9%of m-xylene,99.0%of o-xylene or 87.5%of p-xylene with the initial concentration of 860 mg/m^(3) was removed within 240 *** xylenes underwent three processes of photo-isomerization,photodecomposition and photo-oxidation to produce intermediates of aromatics,alkanes and *** them,the photo-isomerization products showed the highest concentration percentage(e.g.,≥50%in o-xylene system),confirming that photo-isomerization reaction was the dominated photodegradation process of ***,these isomerized products not only contributed about 97%and91%to the formation potential of O3(OFP)and secondary organic aerosols(SOAFP),but also displayed obvious non-carcinogenic risk,although one of photodecomposition product—benzene showed the highest occupational exposure ***,the secondary pollution and health risks of photodegradation products of xylenes were non-ignorable,although the OFP,SOAFP and health risks of the generated products reduced at least 4.5 times in comparison with that of the degraded *** findings are helpful for the appropriate application of this technology in the purification of industrial organic waste gas.

关键词： Isomer aromatics Photodegradation Ozone formation Secondary organic aerosols Health risk

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Assessment of Water Quality in High-Pressure Peruvian Anthropic Sectors of Lake Titicaca Using a Calibrated Index

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第8期12卷 97-114页

作者： Stive Flores-Gómez Adilson Ben Da Costa Eduardo A. Lobo graduate program in environmental technology University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC) Santa Cruz do Sul Brazil

The world’s lakes are in the process of degradation, with loss of water quality as a result of anthropic influences. This research aimed to evaluate water quality in high-pressure Peruvian anthropic sectors of Lake Titicaca using a calibrated index. The study considered ten important bays with influence from urban sectors. In each bay, surface waters were monitored for six years, considering physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. Water quality was assessed using the NSF Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI) and the one calibrated for Lake Titicaca (WQIT). Comparing the efficiency of these two indices, the WQIT showed a variation from moderately polluted bays to bad quality bays, such as Desaguadero and Yunguyo. These two bays were classified as hypereutrophic, therefore, the uses attributable to this condition are only irrigation and energy production. Applying the NSF-WQI, the results were not able to identify this significative difference, as all bays were classified as moderate quality waters. This result indicates that the WQIT calibration was adequate, as it allows inferring and estimating the water quality of Lake Titicaca with greater precision. According to Peru’s water quality standard for category 4, established for the conservation of the country’s lakes, the parameters that exceeded the standard values were PO4-P (0.035 mg∙L−1) and BOD5 (5 mg∙L−1) in all bays, and TC (1000 MPN mL−1) in Yunguyo bay. These high values indicate eutrophication processes, one of the main problems in the study area. The WQIT calibrated for Lake Titicaca can be used as an efficient tool to assess water quality in high Andean lentic waterbodies in South America.

关键词： Andean Lakes Water Quality Assessment Eutrophication Water Quality Index (WQIT)

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Study on the mechanism and reaction characteristics of metal-supported phosphogypsum as oxygen carrier in a chemical looping gasification application

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 428-438页

作者： Jing Yang Yujie Ren Shuoyu Chen Jinsuo Lu School of environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China

This study aimed to explore the chemical looping gasification(CLG)reaction characteristics of the metal-supported composite phosphogypsum(PG)oxygen carriers(OCs)and the thermodynamic *** FactSage 7.1 thermodynamic simulation was used to explore the oxygen release and H_(2)S removal *** experimental results showed that the syngas yield of CLG with PG-CuFe_(2)O_(4)was more than that with PG-Fe_(2)O_(3)20/CuO40 or PG-Fe_(2)O_(3)30/CuO30 OC at 1023 K when the water vapor content was ***,the maximum syngas yield of the CO selectivity was 70.3% and of the CO_(2)selectivity was 23.8%.The H_(2)/CO value was 0.78,and the highest carbon conversion efficiency was 91.9% in PG-CuFe_(2)O_(4)at the gasification temperature of 1073 *** metal-supported PG composite oxygen carrier was proved not only as an oxygen carrier to participate in the preparation of syngas but also as a catalyst to catalyze coal gasification ***,both the experimental results and FactSage 7.1 thermodynamic analysis revealed that the trapping mechanism of H_(2)S by composite OCs was as follows:CuO first lost lattice oxygen as an oxygen carrier to generate Cu_(2)O,which,in turn,reacted with H_(2)S to generate Cu_(2)*** study provided efficient guidance and reference for OC design in CLG.

关键词： Metal-supported composite phosphogypsum Reaction characteristics Thermodynamic mechanism Chemical looping gasification

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Prediction model on hydrolysis kinetics of phthalate monoester:A density functional theory study

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 51-58页

作者： Tong Xu Jingwen Chen Deming Xia Weihao Tang Jiansheng Cui Chun Liu Shuangjiang Li College of environmental Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050000China Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and environmental Engineering(Ministry of Education) School of Environmental Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and ManagementInstitute of Eco-environmental and Soil SciencesGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

As primary degradation products of phthalate esters,phthalate monoesters(MPEs)have been widely detected in various aquatic environments and drawn growing toxicological *** kinetics that is of importance for assessing environmental persistence of chemicals remain elusive for ***,kinetics of base-catalyzed and neutral hydrolysis for 18 MPEs with different leaving groups was investigated by density functional theory *** indicate that MPEs with leaving groups having p Kaof<10 prefer dissociative transition *** are more persistent than their parents,and their hydrolysis half-lives were calculated to vary from 3.4 min to 79.2 years(p H=7–9).A quantitative structure-activity relationship model was developed for predicting the hydrolysis kinetics *** was found that p Kaof the leaving groups and electronegativity of the MPEs are key factors determining the hydrolysis *** work may lay a theoretical foundation for better understanding the chemical process that governs MPE persistence in aquatic environments.

关键词： Phthalate monoesters Phthalate esters Hydrolysis Density functional theory Quantitative structure-activity relationship

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