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Application of the Conditional Nonlinear Optimal Perturbation Method to the Predictability Study of the Kuroshio Large Meander

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2012年第1期29卷 118-134页

作者： WANG Qiang MU Mu Henk A.DIJKSTRA State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atomspheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 graduate University of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071 Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht Department of Physics and AstronomyUtrecht University3584 CC Utrechtthe Netherlands

A reduced-gravity barotropic shallow-water model was used to simulate the Kuroshio path variations. The results show that the model was able to capture the essential features of these path variations. We used one simulation of the model as the reference state and investigated the effects of errors in model parameters on the prediction of the transition to the Kuroshio large meander （KLM） state using the conditional nonlinear optimal parameter perturbation （CNOP-P） method. Because of their relatively large uncertainties, three model parameters were considered： the interracial friction coefficient, the wind-stress amplitude, and the lateral friction coefficient. We determined the CNOP-Ps optimized for each of these three parameters independently, and we optimized all three parameters simultaneously using the Spectral Projected Gradient 2 （SPG2） algorithm. Similarly, the impacts caused by errors in initial conditions were examined using the conditional nonlinear optimal initial perturbation （CNOP-I） method. Both the CNOP-I and CNOP-Ps can result in significant prediction errors of the KLM over a lead time of 240 days. But the prediction error caused by CNOP-I is greater than that caused by CNOP-P. The results of this study indicate not only that initial condition errors have greater effects on the prediction of the KLM than errors in model parameters but also that the latter cannot be ignored. Hence, to enhance the forecast skill of the KLM in this model, the initial conditions should first be improved, the model parameters should use the best possible estimates.

关键词： conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation Kuroshio large meander predictability model parameters

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Characterization and adsorption behavior of a novel triolein-embedded activated carbon composite adsorbent

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第23期50卷 2788-2790页

作者： RU Jia LIU Huijuan QU Jiuhui WANG Aimin DAI Ruihua State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China graduate School of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100039China

A novel triolein-embedded activated carbon composite adsorbent was developed. Experiments were car-ried out in areas such as the preparation method, the char-acterization of physicochemical properties, and the adsorp-tion behavior of the composite adsorbent in removing diel-drin from aqueous solution. Results suggested that the novel composite adsorbent was composed of the supporting acti-vated carbon and the surrounding triolein-embedded cellu-lose acetate membrane. The adsorbent was stable in water, for no triolein leakage was detected after soaking the ad-sorbent for five weeks. The adsorbent had good adsorption capability to dieldrin, which was indicated by a residual di-eldrin concentration of 0.204 μg·L?1. The removal efficiency of the composite adsorbent was higher than the traditional activated carbon adsorbent.

关键词：饮用水处理活性碳吸附剂三油精持久性有机污染物吸附行为

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Modelling the spread of sexually transmitted diseases on scale-free networks

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第6期18卷 2115-2120页

作者：刘茂省阮炯 School of Mathematical sciences Fudan University department of Mathematics North University of China School of Mathematical sciences Fudan University

In this paper a new model for the spread of sexually transmitted diseases （STDs） is presented. The dynamic behaviors of the model on a heterogenons scale-free （SF） network are considered, where the absence of a threshold on the SF network is demonstrated, and the stability of the disease-free equilibrium is obtained. Three immunization strategies, uniform immunization, proportional immunization and targeted immunization, are applied in this model. Analytical and simulated results are given to show that the proportional immunization strategy in the model is effective on SF networks.

关键词： epidemic modelling scale-free networks immunization STDs spreading

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Does laparoscopic liver resection for colorectal liver metastases provide a true survival benefit compared with open liver resection?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第5期9卷 657-660页

作者： Shinichi Akahoshi Toru Beppu Yasuhisa Mori Koichi Kinoshita Nobutaka Sato Ken Kikuchi department of Surgery Yamaga City Medical CenterKumamotoJapan department of Surgery and Oncology Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Adviser Sakurajuji HospitalKumamotoJapan

The recent Southampton consensus guideline and two previous international consensus meetings held in Louisville and Morioka in 2008 and 2014,respectively have recommended laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)as a standard procedure for selected patients with colorectal liver metastases(CRLM)(1-3).The Oslo-CoMet and LapOpHuva studies are the only two randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that have provided solid evidence showing that LLR is a safer,less invasive,and more cost-effective approach with higher health-related quality of life and oncological outcomes equivalent to those of open liver resection(OLR)for patients with CRLM(4-6).

关键词： resection colorectal metastases

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Catalyzed degradation of disperse dyes by calcium alginate-pectin entrapped bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) peroxidase

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2011年第7期23卷 1135-1142页

作者： Rukhsana Satarn Qayyum Husai department of Biochemistry Faculty of Life Sciences Aligarh Muslim University Faculty of Applied Medical sciences Jazan University Jazan

Calcium-alginate pectin entrapped bitter gourd peroxidase （BGP） has been employed for the treatment of disperse dyes： Disperse Brown 1 （DB 1） and Disperse Red 17 （DR 17）. Peroxidase alone was unable to decolorize DR 17 and DB 1. However, the investigated dyes were decolorized maximally by BGP in the presence of 0.2 mmol/L redox mediator, violuric acid （VA）. A slow decrease in percent decolorization was observed when VA concentration was higher than 0.2 mmol/L which could likely be due to the high reactivity of its aminoxyl radical （ N–O . ） intermediate, that might undergo chemical reactions with aromatic amino acid side chains of the enzyme thereby inactivating it. Maximum decolorization of the dyes was observed at pH 3.0 and 40°C within 2 hr of incubation. Immobilized peroxidase decolorized 98% DR 17 and 71% DB 1 using 35 U of BGP in batch process in 90 min. Immobilized enzyme decolorized 85% DR 17 and 51% DB 1 whereas soluble enzyme decolorized DR 17 to 48% and DB 1 to 30% at 60°C. UV-visible spectral analysis was used to evaluate the degradation of these dyes and their toxicity was tested by Allium cepa test. The generally observed higher stability of the bioaffinity bound enzymes against various forms of inactivation may be related to the specific and strong binding of enzyme with bioaffinity support which prevents the unfolding/denaturation of enzyme. Thus entrapped peroxidase was found to be effective in the decolorization of the investigated dyes.

关键词： bitter gourd peroxidise (BGP) alginate pectin decolorization disperse dyes

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Fragmentation of CO in Femtosecond Laser Fields

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第1期26卷 84-87页

作者：郭玮朱井义王丙星王艳秋王利 State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Dalian 116023 graduate School of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049

Fragmentation of CO in a linearly polarized femtosecond laser field within the intensity order of 10^14 ***^-2 at 820nm is investigated experimentally by using velocity mapping technique. According to the observed kinetic energy and angular distributions of different charged fragment ions, fragmentation channels of CO are proposed. The angular distributions provide helpful information for assigning the dissociation channels.

关键词： field emission molybdenum dioxide enhancement factor

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Opening and evolution of the South China Sea constrained by studies on volcanic rocks:Preliminary results and a research design

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第24期57卷 3150-3164页

作者： XU YiGang WEI JingXian QIU HuaNing ZHANG HuiHuang HUANG XiaoLong State Key Laboratory of lsotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

The South China Sea (SCS) is characterized by abundant seamounts, which provide important information about the evolution of the SCS and related deep processes. Cenozoic volcanism in the SCS and its surroundings comprises three stages relative to the spreading of the SCS:prespreading (>32 Ma), syn-spreading (32-16 Ma), and post-spreading (<16 Ma). The pre-spreading magmatism predominantly occurs on the northern margin of the SCS and in South China coastal areas and shows a bi-modal affinity. The syn-spreading magmatic activity was very limited on the periphery of the SCS, but may be concentrated in the SCS. However, seafloor samples of this stage are not available yet because of overlying thick sedimentary deposits. Post-spreading magmatism is widespread in the central and southwest sub-basins of the SCS, Hainan Island, Leizhou Peninsula, Thailand, and Vietnam. These are mainly alkali basalts with subordinate tholeiites, and display OIB-type geochemical characteristics. The Dupal isotope anomaly and presence of high-magnesian olivine phenocrysts suggests their possible derivation from the Hainan mantle plume. The temporal and spatial distribution of Cenozoic volcanism in the SCS and its surroundings may be accounted for either by plate stress re-organization before and after SCS spreading, or by ridge suction of plume flow during opening of the SCS. If the latter is the case, the volcanic rocks within the SCS basin may not be typical mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). It remains puz-zling, however, that the transition between the South China continental margin and the SCS basin does not have features typical of a volcanic rifted margin. Clearly, the relationship between mantle plume and SCS opening needs further evaluation. A better un-derstanding of the link between deep processes and opening of the SCS not only requires enhanced studies on igneous petrogene-sis, but also is heavily dependent on systematic sampling of seafloor rocks.

关键词：中国南海火山岩 DUPAL同位素异常开幕式进化设计海底山脉岩浆活动

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DualSmoke: Sketch-based smoke illustration design with two-stage generative model

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第5期10卷 965-979页

作者： Haoran Xie Keisuke Arihara Syuhei Sato Kazunori Miyata graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology1-1 NomiIshikawa 9231292Japan graduate School of Computer and Information sciences Hosei University3-7-2 Kajino-choKoganei-shiTokyo 1848584Japan

The dynamic effects of smoke are impressive in illustration design,but it is a troublesome and challenging issue for inexpert users to design smoke effects without domain knowledge of fuid *** this work,we propose DualSmoke,a two-stage globalto-local generation framework for interactive smoke illustration *** the global stage,the proposed approach utilizes fluid patterns to generate Lagrangian coherent structures from the user's hand-drawn *** the local stage,detailed flow patterns are obtained from the generated coherent ***,we apply a guiding force field to the smoke simulator to produce the desired smoke *** construct the training dataset,DualSmoke generates flow patterns using finite-time Lyapunov exponents of the velocity *** synthetic sketch data are generated from the fow patterns by skeleton *** user study verifies that the proposed design interface can provide various smoke illustration designs with good user *** code is available at https://***/shasph/DualSmoke.

关键词： smoke simulation flow control generative adversarial network(GAN) finite-time lyapunov exponent(FTLE) Lagrangian coherent structure(LCS)

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Serine racemase expression in mouse cerebral cortex after permanent focal cerebral ischemia

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第4期25卷 38-43页

作者： Li-zhenWANG, Xing-zu ZHU2 department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological sciences, Chinese Academy of sciences, Shanghai 201203, China department of Pharmacology Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 上海 201203

AIM: To study the alterations of the expressions of serine racemase in C57BL/6 mouse brain after permanent focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS: The mRNA level and the protein level of serine racemase were assayed by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. The amount of D-serine and L-serine were measured by HPLC. RESULTS: High levels of serine racemase were constitutively expressed in the normal cortex of mouse. At early stage after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), no significant change in expression of serine racemase was observed in temporoparietal cortex in ipsila- teral hemisphere. However, delayed transient decreases of serine racemase in both mRNA and protein levels were detected from d 6 to d 10 after ischemia. Correspondingly, D-serine concentration also declined in the ipsilateral cortex during this period when compared with the D-serine level in the contralateral cortex. CONCLUSION: Delayed decreases in serine racemase expression and D-serine level occurred in the temporoparietal cortex at the late stage after focal cerebral ischemia.

关键词： D-serine L-serine serine racemase inbred C57BL mice brain ischemia

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Treatment of severe acute pancreatitis and its complications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第38期20卷 13879-13892页

作者： Enver Zerem department of Gastroenterology University Clinical Center Tuzla department of Medical sciences The Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP),which is the most serious type of this disorder,is associated with high morbidity and mortality. SAP runs a biphasic course. During the first 1-2 wk,a pro-inflammatory response results in systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS). If the SIRS is severe,it can lead to early multisystem organ failure(MOF). After the first 1-2 wk,a transition from a pro-inflammatory response to an anti-inflammatory response occurs;during this transition,the patient is at risk for intestinal flora translocation and the development of secondary infection of the necrotic tissue,which can result in sepsis and late MOF. Many recommendations have been made regarding SAP management and its complications. However,despite the reduction in overall mortality in the last decade,SAP is still associated with high mortality. In the majority of cases,sterile necrosis should be managed conservatively,whereas in infected necrotizing pancreatitis,the infected non-vital solid tissue should be removed to control the sepsis. Intervention should be delayed for as long as possible to allow better demarcation and liquefaction of the necrosis. Currently,the step-up approach(delay,drain,and debride) may be considered as the reference standard intervention for this disorder.

关键词： Acute necrotizing pancreatitis Infection Sepsis Drainage Gastrointestinal endoscopy

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