检索结果-南通市图书馆

The China tuberculosis clinical trials consortium network:a model for international TB clinical trials capacity building

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 148-149页

作者： Yu-Hong Liu Shu Chen Jing-Tao Gao Yao Zhang Kimberly Booher Xiao-Fen Ding Wei Shu Jian Du Jing Bao Richard Hafner Carol D.Hamilton Liang Li Beijing Chest Hospital Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor InstituteNo.9Beiguan AveTongzhou DistrictBeijing 101149China 不详

Background:With the second largest tuberculosis(TB)burden globally,China is committed to actively engage in international TB clinical trials to contribute to global TB ***,lack of research capacity among local sites has been identified as a *** text:The China tuberculosis Clinical Trials Consortium(CTCTC)was initiated by Beijing Chest Hospital with investment from the US National Institutes of Health and technical support from Family Health International 360 in 2013,as a nationwide collaborative clinical trial network to strengthen selected clinical site research capacity and attract TB clinical *** program aims to:1)recruit leading hospitals that care for TB patients;2)conduct on-site assessment to identify capacity gaps and needs for improvement;3)design and deliver capacity building activities;4)attract and deliver high quality results for TB clinical trials.A total of 24 sites have joined CTCTC,covering 20 provinces in ***-two sites have been accredited by the National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)to be qualified to conduct TB clinical *** onsite assessment,extensive trainings among the CTCTC sites and young investigators have resulted in better understanding and improvement of the site capacity in conducting TB clinical *** establishment and growth of the CTCTC network has benefited from the good leadership,effective international cooperation and local *** in human resources,regulatory environment and sustainability have been challenging the network from continuing *** researchers have full-time clinical responsibilities in China and it is thus important to build a cadre of other human resources to *** regulatory environment is becoming friendlier in China to introduce international clinical trials to the CTCTC ***:The CTCTC,with mature management structure and sustainable development model,which are distilled five key lessons for other developing countr

关键词： Clinical trial consortium tuberculosis Capacity building China

A New Interdisciplinary Science Plan for Urban Health and Wellbeing in an Age of Increasing Complexity

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2022年第1期36卷 21-26页

作者： Franz W.Gatzweiler Philippa Howden-Chapman Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Otago WellingtonNew Zealand the ISC global science programme“Urban Health and Wellbeing:A Systems Approach”at the Institute of Urban Environment XiamenChina the scientific committee for the ISC global science programme“Urban Health and Wellbeing:A Systems Approach”at University of Otago WellingtonNew Zealand

Cities of the future will need to cope with the triple challenges of urban growth,planetary boundaries leading to reduced energy and other resources,and rapid climate *** response to the challenges of these complexities,urban growth and innovations in networked infrastructure development need to go hand-in-hand to transform urban systems and sustain the urban health *** order to achieve this,knowledge and policy-making need to undergo processes of accelerated *** International Science Council’s global science programme“Urban Health and Wellbeing:A Systems Approach”has formulated goals to meet the urban health challenges of future cities.

关键词： Cities Health Complexity Learning

治疗5个月后痰涂片阳性结核病人的特征及治疗转归

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

结核与肺部疾病杂志 2004年第4期7卷 166-169页

作者： A. D. Harries F. Gausi R. Chimzizi F. M. Salaniponi 刘小秋 National tuberculosis Control programme Community Health Science Unit Lilongwe Malawi

马拉维开展了一项全国性调查以评价治疗 5 个月或更长时间后痰涂片仍然为阳性新发涂阳肺结核病人的管理情况。2000 年到 2001 年,共有此类病人 250 例,其中161 例(64%)在治疗 5 个月后查痰阳性,另 89 例在治疗7 个月后查痰阳性。该研究... 详细信息

马拉维开展了一项全国性调查以评价治疗 5 个月或更长时间后痰涂片仍然为阳性新发涂阳肺结核病人的管理情况。2000 年到 2001 年,共有此类病人 250 例,其中161 例(64%)在治疗 5 个月后查痰阳性,另 89 例在治疗7 个月后查痰阳性。该研究发现了治疗管理上数个需要改进的不一致和不充分之处,包括 7%的评价病人只有一份痰涂片,而不是两份,17%的病人根据一份阳性结果作出结论;47%的5 个月阳性病人和 52%的7 个月阳性病人存在痰涂片检查过早或过晚的现象;14%的 5 个月阳性病人在继续治疗,但其中超过 60%者却记录为“治愈”。

关键词：治疗管理病人痰涂片阳性痰涂片检查结核病转归性病新发涂阳肺结核性调查阳性结果

限定性片段长度多态性分析用于发展中国家结核病流行病学研究

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 1998年第2期 63-73页

作者： D.L.Cohn R.J.O’Brien 丁北川 Research and Surveillance Unit Global Tuberculosis ProgrammeWorld Health Organzation.GenevaSwitzerlandDenver Disease Control ServiceDenver Public Health and Department of MedicineDivision of Infectious DiseasesUniversity Colorado Health Sciences CenterDenverCO Research and Surveillance Unit Global Tuberculosis Programme.World Health Organization.GenevaSwitzerlandDivision of Tuberculosis Elimination.National Center for HIVSTDand TB PreventionCenters for Dontrol and PreventionAtlantaGAUSA

限定性片段长度多态性(RFLP)分型的DNA指纹是最常使用的方法,该方法使结核病流行病学和病因学调查得以进行革新的研究。在结核分支杆菌中存在的插入序列IS6110的使用,通常被考虑为标准的RFLP方法,但另一些辅助方法的分子分型技术可以在... 详细信息

限定性片段长度多态性(RFLP)分型的DNA指纹是最常使用的方法,该方法使结核病流行病学和病因学调查得以进行革新的研究。在结核分支杆菌中存在的插入序列IS6110的使用,通常被考虑为标准的RFLP方法,但另一些辅助方法的分子分型技术可以在选择的环境中使用。在发达国家和发展中国家中,都有一些流行病学研究使用RFLP分型。其主要发现包括传播链的证实和鉴定(敏感和耐药的结核菌菌种都有)、人群中菌种簇的分布、外源性再感染与复发的区分、更好的理解结核病病因学、实验室交叉污染的鉴定和洞察菌种的分子学进化。对于那些结核病负担极重的发展中国家来说,已明确在结核病流行病学研究中,使用RFLP分析主要为下列三方面:1)人群传播,2)医院内传播,和3)人类免疫缺陷病毒相关的结核病。作为规程的要点,建议研究者在经过完好设计的、涉及发展中国家控制措施有影响的流行病学研究中可被采用。

关键词： RFLP DNA指纹结核病分子流行病学传播

“Kill-TB” Drug Reminder Mobile Application for tuberculosis Patients at Bengaluru, India: Effectiveness and Challenges

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of tuberculosis Research 2020年第1期8卷 1-10页

作者： Sharath Burugina Nagaraja Naveen Kotur Niranjan Murthy Shilpashree Madhava Kunjathur Nanda Sappandi Deepak Murthy Arundathi Das Anil Singarajipur Employee’s State Insurance Corporation Medical College and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Bengaluru India BGS global Institute of Medical Sciences Bengaluru India Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute Bengaluru India District tuberculosis Office Bengaluru India State tuberculosis Office Bengaluru India

Background: tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in India. Newer digital technologies for treatment adherence have been tested for diseases with chronic medication. A mobile application (Kill-TB) that provides reminder to TB patients through alarm was tested for its effectiveness and challenges under programmatic settings. Methods: A cohort of TB patients initiated on treatment with and without mobile application at Bangalore city during January-March 2019 was observed for missed doses during their treatment period. Results: A total of 694 patients (347 patients with and without mobile application) were enrolled for the study. Among the patients with and without mobile application 1) loss to follow-up was 2% and 8%, 2) non-adherence rate to TB treatment was 1.5 and 3.3 per 100 person-months, 3) treatment success rate was 89% and 81%. Conclusion: The TB drug reminder mobile application benefits the patient’s treatment adherence and paves way for improved treatment outcomes despite the challenges in implementation. The programme should leverage mobile technologies as an additional monitoring tool to achieve the target of End-TB by 2025.

关键词： Kill-TB tuberculosis India Mobile Application

global burden, distribution, and interventions for infectious diseases of poverty

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 192-198页

作者： Zulfiqar A Bhutta Johannes Sommerfeld Zohra S Lassi Rehana A Salam Jai K Das Center of Excellence in Women&Child Health The Aga Khan UniversityKarachiPakistan Center for global Child Health Hospital for Sick Children TorontoCanada UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases(TDR) GenevaSwitzerland Division of Women and Child Health The Aga Khan UniversityKarachiPakistan

Infectious diseases of poverty(IDoP)disproportionately affect the poorest population in the world and contribute to a cycle of poverty as a result of decreased productivity ensuing from long-term illness,disability,and social *** 2010,the global deaths from HIV/AIDS have increased to 1.5 million and malaria mortality rose to 1.17 *** from neglected tropical diseases rose to 152,000,while tuberculosis killed 1.2 million people that same *** regional variations exist in the distribution of these diseases as they are primarily concentrated in rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa,Asia,and Latin America,with geographic overlap and high levels of ***-based interventions exist to prevent and control these diseases,however,the coverage still remains low with an emerging challenge of antimicrobial ***,community-based delivery platforms are increasingly being advocated to ensure sustainability and combat *** of the high morbidity and mortality burden of these diseases,especially in resource-poor settings,it is imperative to conduct a systematic review to identify strategies to prevent and control these ***,we attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of one of these strategies,that is community-based delivery for the prevention and treatment of *** this paper,we describe the burden,epidemiology,and potential interventions for *** subsequent papers of this series,we describe the analytical framework and the methodology used to guide the systematic reviews,and report the findings and interpretations of our analyses of the impact of community-based strategies on individual IDoPs.

关键词： Infectious diseases of poverty Neglected tropical diseases malaria HIV/AIDS tuberculosis Community-based interventions Community platforms Community-health workers

First Nationwide Survey on the Resistance to First Line Anti-tuberculosis Drugs in Ghana

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of tuberculosis Research 2018年第1期6卷 68-80页

作者： Kennedy K. Addo Richard Owusu Christian Bonsu Kwaku Owusu-Darko Samuel O. Addo Gloria I. Mensah Mercy J. Newman David Ofori-Adjei Frank A. Bonsu Department of Bacteriology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Microbiology School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana National tuberculosis Control programme Accra Ghana

Background/objective: A nationwide survey on the resistance to first line anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drugs was conducted in Ghana from 2007-2008 by Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research in collaboration with the National tuberculosis Control programme. We aimed to characterize mycobacterial species causing pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and determine the resistance pattern to first line anti-TB drugs among newly diagnosed and previously treated PTB patients in Ghana. Methods: Two sputum samples from consented new smear positive PTB patients who had never been treated for TB or had been on anti-TB treatment for less than a month and patients who had been treated for TB previously for more than a month in selected diagnostic centres nationwide were collected for culture, identification and drug susceptibility test. Culture positive isolates were tested against streptomycin (S), isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R) and ethambutol (E) using the simplified proportion method and line probe assay (LPA). The LPA was performed in mid-2017. Results: Among 410 samples, 345 positive cultures were obtained and identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Of the 345 isolates, 133 were further differentiated by GenoType MTBC®as M. tuberculosis, 126 (94.7%) and M. africanum 7 (5.3%). The overall drug resistance patterns were as follows: 43/345 (12.5%), 6/345 (1.7%), 9/345 (2.6%) and 71/345 (20.6%) were resistant to H, R, E and S respectively and 5/345 (1.4%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Conclusion: The results indicate high levels of resistance to S and H among new and previously treated TB patients. We recommend adequate surveillance systems including periodic national anti-TB drug resistance surveys.

关键词： tuberculosis National Survey Drug Resistance Ghana

Satellite Measurements of the Madden–Julian Oscillation in Wintertime Stratospheric Ozone over the Tibetan Plateau and East Asia

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第11期32卷 1481-1492页

作者： ZHANG Yuli LIU Yi LIU Chuanxi V.F.SOFIEVA Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Center for global Change Studies Finnish Meteorological Institute

We investigate the Madden-Julian Oscillation （MJO） signal in wintertime stratospheric ozone over the Tibetan Plateau and East Asia using the harmonized dataset of satellite ozone profiles. Two different MJO indices -- the all-season Real-Time multivariate MJO index （RMM） and outgoing longwave radiation-based MJO index （OMI） -- are used to compare the MJO- related ozone anomalies. The results show that there are pronounced eastward-propagating MJO-related stratospheric ozone anomalies （mainly within 20-200 hPa） over the subtropics, The negative stratospheric ozone anomalies are over the Tibetan Plateau and East Asia in MJO phases 4-7, when MJO-related tropical deep convective anomalies move from the equatorial Indian Ocean towards the western Pacific Ocean. Compared with the results based on RMM, the MJO-related stratospheric column ozone anomalies based on OM1 are stronger and one phase ahead. Further analysis suggests that different sampling errors, observation principles and retrieval algorithms may be responsible for the discrepancies among different satellite measurements. The MJO-related stratospheric ozone anomalies can be attributed to the MJO-related circulation anomalies, i.e., the uplifted tropopanse and the northward shifted westerly jet in the upper troposphere. Compared to the result based on RMM, the upper tropospheric westerly jet may play a less important role in generating the stratospheric column ozone anomalies based on OMI. Our study indicates that the circulation-based MJO index （RMM） can better characterize the MJO- related anomalies in tropopause pressure and thus the MJO influence on atmospheric trace gases in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, especially over subtropical East Asia.

关键词： Madden-Julian Oscillation stratospheric ozone tropopause subtropical jet stream

马拉维结核分枝杆菌感染危险性:1994年全国结核菌素调查

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

结核与肺部疾病杂志 2004年第3期7卷 98-102页

作者： F.M.L.Salaniponi J.Kwanjana J.Veen O.Misljenovic M.W.Borgdorff 何广学胡冬梅 Community Health Sciences Unit.tuberculosis Control programme Lilongwe.Malawi Royal Netherlands tuberculosis Association(KNCV)and International tuberculosis Surveillance Centre(ITSC).The Hague The Netherlands International Union Against tuberculosis and Lung Disease.Paris-France Royal Netherlands tuberculosis

目的:估算马拉维学生结核年感染率。方法:在马拉维随机选择12个区的学校进行调查。以1-4年级6-11岁的儿童为调查对象。根据世界卫生组织/国际防痨与肺病联合会指南进行结核菌素皮肤试验。结果:在17123名符合条件的儿童中,80％接受皮试... 详细信息

目的:估算马拉维学生结核年感染率。方法:在马拉维随机选择12个区的学校进行调查。以1-4年级6-11岁的儿童为调查对象。根据世界卫生组织/国际防痨与肺病联合会指南进行结核菌素皮肤试验。结果:在17123名符合条件的儿童中,80％接受皮试。在进行皮试的儿童中,79％复验了结果。根据不同的标准,无卡痕儿童的结核感染率界于9％-12％之间。皮试结果≥10mm的反应率女童低于男童,反应率随年龄增加而增加,有BCG卡痕儿童的结核感染率高于无BCG卡痕者。估计年感染率在0.6％-1.4％之间。结论:马拉维结核年感染率为1％。本研究将为评价马拉维人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染对结核病传播的影响提供有价值的基线资料。

关键词：结核菌素儿童结核感染结核分枝杆菌感染卡痕皮试感染率调查马拉维危险性