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Strengthening Systematic Research on Aging:Reflections from an Omics Perspective

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China CDC weekly 2022年第39期4卷 875-878页

作者： Xiaoying Zheng Chao Guo School of Population Medicine and Public health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina APEC health Science academy Peking UniversityBeijingChina

Population aging has become a global concern in population *** to good health in older ages are more complex than at any other age and require a comprehensive framework to move the science of aging and health *** this paper,we describe an advanced and evolving conceptual framework that includes definitions,goals,disciplines,and a scope of human aging omics(HAO)based on theories and methods of omics *** development of HAO will bring a paradigm shift in research related to aging and health by systematic identification,characterization,and quantification of all sets of health conditions and their complex relationships with the internal biomolecules and the external environment in the whole aging process of human beings from birth to death throughout the lifespan.

关键词： aging life goals

Features of Ozone Mini-Hole Events over the Tibetan Plateau

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维普期刊数据库

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第2期26卷 305-311页

作者：卞建春 Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and global Environment Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Based on TOMS total ozone data and SCIAMACHY ozone profile data, climatology of the ozone minihole events over the Tibetan Plateau and ozone vertical structure variations during an ozone mini-hole event in December 2003 are analyzed. The analyses show that before 1990 ozone mini-hole events only occurred in November-December of 1987 but that the number of events increases after 1990. These events only occur from October through February, with maximum occurrence frequency in December. During the event in December 2003, the decrease in total ozone of over 20% is mainly caused by the ozone loss in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere region due to the horizontal transport of low ozone from the lower latitude subtropics and the uplift of low ozone from the lower troposphere over the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： ozone mini-hole Tibetan Plateau subtropical jet upper troposphere and lower stratosphere

A review on completing arsenic biogeochemical cycle: Microbial volatilization of arsines in environment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第2期26卷 371-381页

作者： Peipei Wang Guoxin Sun Yan Jia Andrew A Meharg Yongguan Zhu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for global Food Security Queen’s University Belfast David Keir Building Stranmillis Road Belfast BT9 5AG UK Key Lab of Urban Environment and health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

Arsenic （As） is ubiquitous in the environment in the carcinogenic inorganic forms, posing risks to human health in many parts of the world. Many microorganisms have evolved a series of mechanisms to cope with inorganic arsenic in their growth media such as transforming As compounds into volatile derivatives. Bio-volatilization of As has been suggested to play an important role in global As biogeochemical cycling, and can also be explored as a potential method for arsenic bioremediation. This review aims to provide an overview of the quality and quantity of As volatilization by fungi, bacteria, microalga and protozoans. Arsenic bio-volatilization is influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors that can be manipulated/elucidated for the purpose of As bioremediation. Since As bio- volatilization is a resurgent topic for both biogeochemistry and environmental health, our review serves as a concept paper for future research directions.

关键词： arsenic methylation microorganism volatilization

Observation and Simulation of Abnormal Transmittance over Yangbajing,Tibet

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2014年第3期7卷 190-197页

作者： WANG Lei-Di Lü Da-Ren HUO Juan Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and global Environmental Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese academy of Sciences

Defining abnormal transmittance as the case where the magnitude of the shortwave flux transmittance is greater than 1.0,the authors used surface solar irradiance and all-sky images obtained at the Yangbajing site in Tibet to analyze the reasons for the occurrence of abnormal shortwave flux *** on the International Intercomparision of Three-Dimensional Radiation Code(I3RC) Monte Carlo community model of three-dimensional radiative transfer,the authors also performed simulations at a nonabsorbing wavelength and an absorbing wavelength through a stratocumulus and a cumulus *** results showed the detection of abnormal transmittance on more than half the days,and the maximum transmittance was *** probability of the occurrence of abnormal transmittance appeared to be largest in summer,and on a daily basis was mainly at about noon local *** transmittance mainly appeared when clear sky and clouds co-existed,especially at the edges of broken clouds and nearby regions with clear-sky *** flux transmittance decreased as the solar zenith angle increased.

关键词： three-dimensional cloudsshortwave flux transmittanceMonte Carlo modelTibet

Dynamic Seasonal Transition from Winter to Summer in the Northern Hemisphere Stratosphere

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2014年第3期7卷 180-185页

作者： ZHANG Yu-Li LIU Yi LIU Chuan-Xi University of Chinese academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and global Environmental Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

This study applied the modified spatial similarity coefficient method to define the seasonal transition(ST) from winter to summer in the extratropical stratosphere of the Northern *** features of the ST were examined using European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) Interim reanalysis data;and the results showed that the time and duration of the ST,which is affected by the activity of planetary waves(PW) in the stratosphere,largely depended on the geophysical *** study also investigated the interannual variability of the ST and its relationship with stratospheric sudden warming(SSW) and the quasi-biennial oscillation(QBO).It was shown that the late-onset SSW events(after 22 January) are close to the start of the *** easterly(westerly) QBO hastens(delays) the onset of the ST in high and low latitudes,whereas it delays(hastens) the ST in *** duration of the ST is significantly affected by the *** influence of SSW and the QBO have different significance in different latitudes,so they are both important and irreplaceable factors.

关键词： seasonal transitionstratospherestratospheric sudden warmingquasi-biennial oscillation

An Empirical Model for Estimating Stratospheric Ozone Vertical Distributions over China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第2期26卷 352-358页

作者：杨景梅邱金桓 Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and global Environment Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Based on the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment （SAGE） Ⅱ and the Halogen Occultation Experiment （HALOE） ozone profiles and the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer （TOMS） total ozone data sets, an empirical model for estimating the vertical distribution of stratospheric ozone over China is proposed. By using this model, the vertical distribution of stratospheric （16-50 km） ozone can be estimated according to latitude, month and total ozone. Comparisons are made between the modeled ozone profiles and the SAGEII/HALOE monthly mean ozone measurements, and the results show that the model calculated ozone concentrations conform well with the SAGEII/HALOE measured values, with the differences being less than 15% between 16 km and 18 km, less than 5% between 19 km and 40 km, and less than 10% between 41 km and 50 kin. Comparisons of the model results with balloon-borne ozonesonde measurements performed in Beijing also show good agreement, within 5%, at altitudes between 19 km and 30 km.

关键词： ozone vertical distribution empirical model

A New Method for Aerosol Retrieval Based on Lidar Observations in Beijing

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2014年第3期7卷 203-209页

作者： PAN Yu-Bing Lü Da-Ren PAN Weilin Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and global Environment Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese academy of Sciences

Lidar has been used extensively in the area of atmospheric aerosol *** unknowns at the reference altitude,the lidar ratio and the backscatter coefficient,need to be resolved from the lidar *** the actual application,these two values are difficult to obtain,particularly the backscatter *** better characterize the optical properties of aerosols,optical thickness,and attenuated backscatter obtained by other instruments are usually used as the input for joint ***,this method is limited by location and *** this study,the authors propose a new method for aerosol retrieval by using Mie scattering lidar data to solve this *** authors take the horizontal aerosol extinction coefficient as the constraint to begin the iteration until a self-consistent aerosol vertical profile was *** comparing their results with Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET) data,the authours determine that the aerosol extinction coefficient obtained by combining horizontal and vertical lidar observations is more precise than that obtained by using the traditional Fernald *** new method has been adopted for retrieving the extinction coefficient of aerosols during the observation days.

关键词： lidarlidar ratiobackward integrationextinction coefficient

Evaluating the Formation Mechanisms of the Equatorial Pacific SST Warming Pattern in CMIP5 Models

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第4期33卷 433-441页

作者： Jun YING Ping HUANG Ronghui HUANG Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 University of Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Joint Center for global Change Studies Beijing 100875

Based on the historical and RCP8.5 runs of the multi-model ensemble of 32 models participating in CMIP5, the present study evaluates the formation mechanisms for the patterns of changes in equatorial Pacific SST under global warming. Two features with complex formation processes, the zonal E1 Nifio-like pattern and the meridional equatorial peak warm- ing （EPW）, are investigated. The climatological evaporation is the main contributor to the E1 Nifio-like pattern, while the ocean dynamical thermostat effect plays a comparable negative role. The cloud-shortwave-radiation-SST feedback and the weakened Walker circulation play a small positive role in the E1 Nifio-like pattern. The processes associated with ocean dynamics are confined to the equator. The climatological evaporation is also the dominant contributor to the EPW pattern, as suggested in previous studies. However, the effects of some processes are inconsistent with previous studies. For example, changes in the zonal heat advection due to the weakened Walker circulation have a remarkable positive contribution to the EPW pattern, and changes in the shortwave radiation play a negative role in the EPW pattern.

关键词： global warming equatorial Pacific SST warming pattern multi-model ensemble CMIP5

Resilience effects for household food expenditure and dietary diversity in rural western China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 384-396页

作者： Xiao Han Kaiyu Lyu Fengying Nie Yuquan Chen Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Agricultural Information Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China academy of global Food Economics and Policy China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

A more resilient livelihood is increasingly recognized as an efficient way to improve vulnerable households’food security and optimize their dietary *** study quantifies rural household resilience in western China,identifies the three pillars(absorptive capacity,adaptive capacity,and transformative capacity)contribution to resilience,and then establishes the estimated Resilience Capacity Index(RCI)linked with food security and dietary diversity supported by the multiple indicator multiple cause(MIMIC)*** show that,despite geographical heterogeneity,the RCI consistently increased from 2015 to *** with a higher RCI inheriting better capacity to deal with risk and shocks are significantly and positively correlated with increasing food expenditure and diversifying food *** can be because resilient households will allocate more money to food expenditure instead of saving for livelihood ***,policymakers can provide more incentives for rural households to adopt more dynamic and effective risk management ***,in turn,could yield positive spillover effects by preventing human capital loss associated with dietary-related chronic diseases and mortality.

关键词： resilience food expenditure dietary diversity China risk management