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Materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第9期15卷 378-398页

作者： Md Shariful Islam Md Kamrul Hasan Arifur Rahman Shakhauat Hossen Md Anwarul Islam Sachi Xinbo Ding school of Textile Science and Engineering International Silk Institute Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou China King graduate school Monroe College Bronx NY USA

Recently, the textile industry has increasingly advocated for natural resource-based healthcare textiles. This research presents a facile and eco-friendly approach to developing durable antibacterial polyester fabrics. Polyester fabric was first subjected to an alkaline hydrolysis to impart hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface. A natural antibacterial agent, betaine, was then covalently bonded to the hydrolyzed polyester fiber surface through esterification. XPS, Raman, SEM, and Wicking measurements were carried out to verify the esterification reaction. Antibacterial tests confirmed that betaine treatment grafted polyester fabrics revealed a remarkable antibacterial effect with inhibition rates > 99.9% against both E. coli and S. aureus and still remained inhibition rates of up to 91.5% against both bacteria after home washing for 20 cycles. Moreover, the modification significantly increased the capillary effect of polyester fabric but did not cause apparent adverse effects on the fabric’s hand or tensile strength. Overall, this grafting strategy for durable, antibacterial polyester fabric represents a significant practicality in the textile industry.

关键词： Polyester Fabric Betaine Antibacterial Durability Capillary

Education Programs for Invasive Procedures Involving Nurses: A Scoping Review

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第5期14卷 200-224页

作者： Hiromi Shibuya Akiko Saito Masumi Mugiyama Noyuri Yamaji Chisato Eto Satoshi Shibuya Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Science Technology Bunkyo Gakuin University Tokyo Japan Department of Health Care Policy and Health Economics Institute of Medicine University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Institute of Clinical Epidemiology Showa University Tokyo Japan Department of Family Nursing Division of Health Science and Nursing Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of global Health Nursing Graduate School of Nursing St. Luke&#8217s International University Tokyo Japan school of Nursing Tokyo Women&#8217s Medical University Tokyo Japan Department of Integrative Physiology School of Medicine Kyorin University Tokyo Japan

Background: Implementing invasive procedures is an important part of patient management by clinical nurses;however, there are gaps between nurses’ actual knowledge and skills and expected professional care capacity. Purpose: This scoping review aimed to map the existing literature related to recent institution-provided educational programs for invasive procedures involving clinical nurses. This study seeks to understand the contents of educational programs and the methods for assessing educational effects. Methods: This scoping review was completed using the following four databases: PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Cochrane Library, and Emcare for the period 2000-2022. We included studies that used all forms of educational approaches (e.g., didactic lectures, hands-on training, or on-the-job training). This scoping review considered peer-reviewed publications published in English using quantitative, qualitative, or mixed approaches. A total of 83 studies underwent in the final analysis. Results and Conclusion: A combination of didactic lectures and hands-on training was provided as an educational program in most studies. Contrary to our prediction, educational interventions with advanced technologies such as VR are extremely rare, suggesting that the effectiveness of advanced technologies in learning invasive procedures should be examined to facilitate and retain educational effects more efficiently in future studies. Regarding the assessment of educational effects, nurses’ cognitive (i.e., theoretical knowledge about procedures), psychomotor (i.e., implementing procedures), and psychological aspects (e.g., confidence and self-efficacy in procedures) were evaluated using questionnaires and observational methods. While most studies used a one-group pretest-posttest design, the ratio of randomized controlled trials (RCT) was relatively low. Thus, an RCT design should be introduced in future studies to test the validity of the developed educational program more accurately.

关键词： Training Education Invasive Procedure Nurses Assessment

中国急性冠状动脉综合征患者治疗和预后的地区差异:来自国家胸痛中心的证据

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Science Bulletin 2024年第9期69卷 1302-1312页

作者：周书铎张岩董雪洁马郡雄李娜史红 Sidney C.Smith Jr 金音子许铭向定成郑志杰霍勇 Department of global Health Peking University School of Public HealthBeijing 100191China Institute for global Health and Development Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Department of Cardiology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China Chinese Medical Association Beijing 100052China Division of Cardiovascular Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina 27599-3140USA Department of Cardiology General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLAGuangzhou 510010China

Regional variations in acute coronary syndrome(ACS) management and outcomes have been an enormous public health issue. However, studies have yet to explore how to reduce the variations. The National Chest Pain Center Program(NCPCP) is the first nationwide, hospital-based, comprehensive, continuous quality improvement program for improving the quality of care in patients with ACS in China. We evaluated the association of NCPCP and regional variations in ACS healthcare using generalized linear mixed models and interaction analysis. Patients in the Western region had longer onset-to-first medical contact(FMC) time and time stay in non-percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) hospitals, lower rates of PCI for ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) patients, and higher rates of medication *** in Central regions had relatively lower in-hospital mortality and in-hospital heart failure *** in the door-to-balloon time(Dto B) and in-hospital mortality between Western and Eastern regions were less after accreditation(β =-8.82, 95% confidence interval(CI)-14.61 to-3.03;OR = 0.79, 95%CI 0.70 to 0.91). Similar results were found in differences in Dto B time, primary PCI rate for STEMI between Central and Eastern regions. The differences in PCI for higher-risk non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome(NSTE-ACS) patients among different regions had been ***, the differences in medication use between Eastern and Western regions were higher after accreditation. Regional variations remained high in this large cohort of patients with ACS from hospitals participating in the NCPCP in China. More comprehensive interventions and hospital internal system optimizations are needed to further reduce regional variations in the management and outcomes of patients with ACS.

关键词： Acute coronary syndromes Quality improvement Regional variations Quality metrics

Toward a Learnable Climate Model in the Artificial Intelligence Era

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1281-1288页

作者： Gang HUANG Ya WANG Yoo-Geun HAM Bin MU Weichen TAO Chaoyang XIE State key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Environmental Planning Graduate School of Environmental StudiesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea school of Software Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Artificial intelligence(AI)models have significantly impacted various areas of the atmospheric sciences,reshaping our approach to climate-related *** this AI-driven transformation,the foundational role of physics in climate science has occasionally been *** perspective suggests that the future of climate modeling involves a synergistic partnership between AI and physics,rather than an“either/or”*** controversies around current physical inconsistencies in large AI models,we stress the critical need for detailed dynamic diagnostics and physical ***,we provide illustrative examples to guide future assessments and constraints for AI *** AI integration with numerical models,we argue that offline AI parameterization schemes may fall short of achieving global optimality,emphasizing the importance of constructing online ***,we highlight the significance of fostering a community culture and propose the OCR(Open,Comparable,Reproducible)*** a better community culture and a deep integration of physics and AI,we contend that developing a learnable climate model,balancing AI and physics,is an achievable goal.

关键词： artificial intelligence deep learning learnable climate model

Bangkok to Sendai and Beyond: Implications for Disaster Risk Reduction in Asia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第2期6卷 177-188页

作者： Ranit Chatterjee Koichi Shiwaku Rajarshi Das Gupta Genta Nakano Rajib Shaw graduate school of global Environmental Studies Kyoto University

The recently concluded World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction(WCDRR) in Sendai, Japan and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction2015–2030(SFDRR) have set renewed priorities for disaster risk reduction(DRR) for the next 15 years. Due to Asia’s high exposure to natural hazards, the implications of the new SFDRR have major significance for the future development of the region. The 6th Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction(AMCDRR), held in Bangkok in 2014, was a regional preparatory meeting for the WCDRR, and proposed various targets and indicators for DRR in Asia. The AMCDRR recommended inclusion of these goals in the SFDRR. This study focuses on the WCDRR negotiations, particularly outcomes that affect four major groups: local authorities; children and youth;science and technology; and business and industry. An analysis is undertaken of the overlaps and gaps in the outcomes of the 6th AMCDRR and other preceding conferences that fed into the WCDRR. A set of recommendations has evolved from this examination for consideration at the upcoming 7th AMCDRR in 2016. The areas that merit consideration in the upcoming AMCDRR2016 are:(1) development of baseline data and quantitative indicators for monitoring progress in DRR;(2) creation of a common stakeholder platform;(3) construction of city typologies for consideration in all future local level planning;(4) promotion of a culture of safety by linking large enterprises with small and medium enterprises; and(5) exchange and sharing of information and databases between regions at all scales.

关键词： Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction Bangkok Disaster risk reduction Sendai World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction

Mothers’challenges and experiences of children with cerebral palsy:a qualitative meta-synthesis

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Frontiers of Nursing 2024年第2期11卷 169-179页

作者： Meng-Yun Peng Yi-Fu Lu Department of Nursing Suzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215123China Department of Nursing Graduate School of Health SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayama 7008588Japan Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology Okayama UniversityOkayama 7008588Japan

Objective:To examine what challenges and experiences a mother faces in caring for children with cerebral palsy(CP).As the main caregiver of children with CP,mothers are under multiple *** though mothers’challenges and experiences of children with CP will affect their quality of life and the rehabilitation of the children,little is known about their challenges and experiences during the whole ***:A qualitative meta-synthesis was conducted to extract and analyze qualitative research from the PubMed,CINAHL,PsycINFO,Web of Science,Ovid and MEDLINE *** articles were selected and analyzed using thematic ***:From 2522 screened abstracts,84 texts were reviewed,and 13 studies met the inclusion ***’challenges and experiences of children with CP include 4 themes,both positive and ***:The mothers of children with CP suffer from physical burden,as well as psychological pressure,in the care experience;social and healthcare support are their main *** to help them face the difficulties and adapt to the role of caregivers as soon as possible should target multiple aspects in order to maximize effectiveness,to promote the healthy growth of children with CP.

关键词： challenges children with cerebral palsy experience meta-synthesis mothers

The Experience and Impact of a Fitbit-Based Physical Activity and Sleep Hygiene Intervention for Older Adults Experiencing Cognitive Decline

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Advances in Aging Research 2024年第3期13卷 41-59页

作者： Kate Walker Chris Griffiths Jen Yates Louise Birkett-Swan Farah Hina Chee Siang Ang Research and Innovation Department Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust Northampton UK Institute of Mental Health University of Nottingham Nottingham UK Dementia and Older People’ s Psychology Provision Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust Northampton UK school of Computing University of Kent Canterbury UK

Objectives: This study aimed to understand the experience and impact of a physical activity and sleep wrist-worn tracker (Fitbit)-based healthy lifestyle intervention for older patients attending a memory assessment service, who are experiencing cognitive impairment but do not receive a dementia diagnosis. Methods: A qualitative design was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of thirteen participants recruited from a memory assessment service. Thematic analysis, that was data driven and inductive, was undertaken to analyse the data. Results: Two global themes were developed. “Understanding exercise and sleep as part of my lifestyle” was made up of themes representing how participants viewed exercise and sleep as part of their lifestyles in terms of acknowledging the positive impacts and the barriers to exercise and sleep. The second global theme “Understanding my experience of the healthy lifestyle intervention” was made up of themes that identified the positive impact of the intervention regarding improving health and wellbeing, enabling validation of proactive behaviours and motivation to engage in healthy lifestyle behaviours, so promoting positive behaviour change. Conclusion: Patients experiencing age-related cognitive impairment, applied and benefited from a healthy lifestyle Fitbit-based intervention to facilitate and promote physical activity, better sleep hygiene and healthy lifestyles.

关键词： Cognitive Impairment Healthy Lifestyle Intervention Fitbit Health and Wellbeing Behaviour Change

Dynamic properties of rumor propagation model induced by L´evy noise on social networks

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 223-237页

作者： Ying Jing Youguo Wang Qiqing Zhai Xianli Sun school of Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China school of Telecommunication and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

Social networks are inevitably subject to disruptions from the physical world,such as sudden internet outages that sever local connections and impede information *** Gaussian white noise,commonly used to simulate stochastic disruptions,only fluctuates within a narrow range around its mean and fails to capture large-scale variations,L´evy noise can effectively compensate for this ***,a susceptible–infected–removed rumor propagation model with L´evy noise is constructed on homogeneous and heterogeneous networks,***,the existence of a global positive solution and the asymptotic path-wise of the solution are derived on heterogeneous networks,and the sufficient conditions of rumor extinction and persistence are ***,theoretical results are verified through numerical calculations and the sensitivity analysis related to the threshold is conducted on the model *** simulation experiments on Watts–Strogatz(WS)and Barab´asi–Albert networks,it is found that the addition of noise can inhibit the spread of rumors,resulting in a stochastic resonance phenomenon,and the optimal noise intensity is obtained on the WS *** validity of the model is verified on three real datasets by particle swarm optimization algorithm.

关键词： rumor propagation model L´evy noise extinction and persistence stochastic resonance

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扩展中国保护区以增强气候变化的响应韧性

Science Bulletin 2024年第14期69卷 2273-2280页

作者：徐冬梅彭建董建权姜虹刘梦琳罗宇航徐子涵 Technology Innovation Center for Integrated Ecosystem Restoration and Sustainable Utilization Ministry of Natural ResourcesCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China school of Landscape Architecture Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory for Environmental and Urban Sciences School of Urban Planning and DesignShenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen 518055China school of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Expanding the network of connected and resilient protected areas(PAs)for climate change adaptation can help species track suitable climate conditions and safeguard *** is often overlooked when expanding PAs and quantifying their benefits,resulting in an underestimate of the benefits of expanding *** expanded PAs through terrestrial mammalian species distribution hotspots,Key Biodiversity Areas(KBAs),and wilderness ***,we constructed climate connectivity networks using a resistance-based approach and further quantified the network resilience to propose resilient climate response strategies in *** results showed that existing PAs suffered from location biases with important biodiversity *** existing PAs represented about half of the KBAs and wilderness areas,yet only 12.08%of terrestrial mammalian species distribution hotspots were located within existing *** with the existing PA network,the network efficiency and resilience of the expanded PAs'climate connectivity increased to 1.80 times and 1.78 times,*** 56%of the nodes remaining,the network efficiency of the expanded PAs was equivalent to that of the existing PAs with all *** network resilience of preferentially protecting and restoring low human footprint patches was approximately 1.5–2 times that of the random *** findings highlighted that confronted with the unoptimistic situation of global warming,nature conservation based on existing PAs was no longer *** was critical to construct a connected and resilient conservation network relying on both important biodiversity areas and low human footprint patches.

关键词： Expansion of protected areas Mammalian species Connectivity corridors Network resilience Climate change adaptation

Stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer through diagnostic route:Who should be screened?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1368-1376页

作者： Nobukazu Agatsuma Takahiro Utsumi Yoshitaka Nishikawa Takahiro Horimatsu Takeshi Seta Yukitaka Yamashita Yukari Tanaka Takahiro Inoue Yuki Nakanishi Takahiro Shimizu Mikako Ohno Akane Fukushima Takeo Nakayama Hiroshi Seno Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyoto 606-8507Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical CenterWakayama 640-8558Japan Department of Health Informatics Kyoto University School of Public HealthKyoto 606-8501Japan Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science(iACT) Kyoto University HospitalKyoto 606-8507Japan Medical Support Section Medical Affairs DivisionKyoto University HospitalKyoto 606-8507Japan

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a global health concern,with advanced-stage diagnoses contributing to poor *** efficacy of CRC screening has been well-established;nevertheless,a significant proportion of patients remain unscreened,with>70%of cases diagnosed outside *** identifying specific subgroups for whom CRC screening should be particularly recommended is crucial owing to limited resources,the association between the diagnostic routes and identification of these subgroups has been less *** the Japanese cancer registry,the diagnostic routes for groups discovered outside of screening are primarily categorized into those with comorbidities found during hospital visits and those with CRC-related *** To clarify the stage at CRC diagnosis based on diagnostic *** We conducted a retrospective observational study using a cancer registry of patients with CRC between January 2016 and December 2019 at two *** diagnostic routes were primarily classified into three groups:Cancer screening,follow-up,and *** early-stage was defined as Stages 0 or *** and univariate logistic regressions were exploited to determine the odds of early-stage diagnosis in the symptomatic and cancer screening groups,referencing the follow-up *** adjusted covariates were age,sex,and tumor *** Of the 2083 patients,715(34.4%),1064(51.1%),and 304(14.6%)belonged to the follow-up,symptomatic,and cancer screening groups,*** the 2083 patients,CRCs diagnosed at an early stage were 57.3%(410 of 715),23.9%(254 of 1064),and 59.5%(181 of 304)in the follow-up,symptomatic,and cancer screening groups,*** symptomatic group exhibited a lower likelihood of early-stage diagnosis than the follow-up group[P<0.001,adjusted odds ratio(aOR),0.23;95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.19-0.29].The likelihood of diagnosis at an early stage was similar between the follow-up and cancer screening gro

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Cancer registry Diagnostic route Cancer screening Stage at diagnosis