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Application and research of global grid database design based on geographic information

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global Energy Interconnection 2018年第1期1卷 87-95页

作者： Xuming Liang global Energy Interconnection development and Cooperation Organization

Energy crisis and climate change have become two seriously concerned issues universally. As a feasible solution, global Energy Interconnection(GEI) has been highly praised and positively responded by the international community once proposed by China. From strategic conception to implementation, GEI development has entered a new phase of joint action now. Gathering and building a global grid database is a prerequisite for conducting research on GEI. Based on the requirement of global grid data management and application, combining with big data and geographic information technology, this paper studies the global grid data acquisition and analysis process, sorts out and designs the global grid database structure supporting GEI research, and builds a global grid database system.

关键词： Big data collection Geographic information Grid database Data mining

Oral Administration Following Subcutaneous Administration of FCV Vaccines Enhances Vaccine Efficacy against Challenge of a Highly Virulent Vs Feline Calicivirus

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World Journal of Vaccines 2014年第2期4卷 81-87页

作者： Sing Rong Kim Floyd-Hawkins Vicki King global Biologics Research Zoetis-Vet Med R&D Kalamazoo USA global development&operation Zoetis-Vet Med R&D Kalamazoo USA

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a common cause of upper respiratory and oral disease in cats. Highly virulent systemic strains of FCV (vs FCV) have been described. These vs FCV isolates cause characteristic edema, cutaneous ulcers and other clinical signs typically associated with FCV infection. Vs FCV isolates also cause high mortality even in previously vaccinated cats. We reported previously that the FCV serum cross-neutralization profile of cat serum generated using the oralnasal route of administration is broader than with subcutaneous administration (SC), as measured with a 26-FCV viral panel (Rong et al., Virus Research 122:95-108, 2006). In this report, we tested the in vivo ef- ficacy of the FCV vaccine, in a 4-way (FCV-FHV-FPV-FCp) format, by using a highly virulent vs FCV- 33585 as the challenge virus. Vaccines were administered as 2-dose subcutaneouly (SC/SC), or subcutaneously followed by orally (SC/Oral). The mortality induced by vs FCV-33585 in unvaccinated control cats was 78% (7 out of 9 cats). The mortality decreased to 44% (4 out of 9 cats) with cats vaccinated with the 4-way vaccine given SC/SC. However, when this vaccine was given SC/Oral, the mortality decreased to 10% (1 out of 10 cats). The clinical scores, calculated based on frequency and severity of various clinical signs, correlated with mortality data. These results demonstrated that oral administration of FCV vaccines, as the second dose following the first dose of subcutaneious administration, ehances FCV efficacy against challenge of a highly virulent vs FCV. We propose that not only oral vaccination offers convenience and needle-free inoculation, it also enhances FCV vaccine efficacy.

关键词： Positive-Strand RNA FCV VS FCV Calicivirus Subcutaneous Administration Oral/Oronasal Administration Serum-Virus Neutralization Vaccine Efficacy

Long-term cross-border electricity trading model under the background of global Energy Interconnection

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global Energy Interconnection 2019年第2期2卷 122-129页

作者： Fu Chen Kun Huang Yunting Hou Tao Ding global Energy Interconnection development and Cooperation Organization School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

Environmental problems caused by traditional power production and the unbalanced distribution of energy resources and demand limit the development of sustainable societies. A feasible method to optimize the resource allocation has been proposed, and it involves cross-border and cross-regional electricity transactions. However, the uncertainty of renewable energy and the specific features of the cross-border electricity market are key issues which need to be considered in the trading mechanism design. Based on this, this paper sets up a long-term cross-border electricity trading model considering the uncertainty of renewable energy. First, annual transactions are matched according to the declared data of bidders with consideration of cross-border interconnection development benefits, potential benefit risks, and transmission costs. Second, for annual contract decomposition, the model uses the minimum generation cost function with a penalty item for power shortages to allocate electricity to each month. Additionally, the scenario reduction algorithm is combined with the unit commitment to construct a stochastic generation plan. Finally, a case study of the numerical results for the multinational electricity market in northeast Asia is used to show that the proposed trading model is feasible for cross-border electricity trading with high penetration of renewable energy.

关键词： global energy interconnection Pumped storage Uncertainty Scenario reduction Stochastic programming

Advanced casting technologies for lightweight automotive applications

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China Foundry 2010年第4期7卷 463-469页

作者： Alan A.Luo Anil K.Sachdev Bob R.Powell General Motors global Research and development Center

This paper provides an overview of alloy and process developments in aluminum and magnesium castings for lightweight automotive applications. Wear-resistant aluminum alloys, creep-resistant and high strength/ductility magnesium alloys have been developed for automotive applications. On the process front, vacuumassisted die casting and high vacuum die casting technologies have been developed for high-integrity body and chassis applications. Thin-wall and hollow casting components are being produced by low-pressure die casting processes for structural applications. Overcasting technology is gaining traction and has enabled mixed material designs for automotive sub-systems such as engine cradles and instrument panel beams. Simulation tools developed to predict the interfacial interactions of the dissimilar components and the structural integrity of the overcast systems are being validated in the casting trials.

关键词： lightweight aluminum alloy magnesium alloy die casting

Monitoring andevaluatingthepayment-for-performancepremiseofREDD+:the caseofIndia’s ecologicalfiscaltransfers

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2018年第7期4卷 11-17页

作者： Jonah Busch Center for global development WashingtonDCUSA

Introduction:The central premise underlying international payments for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation(REDD+)is that offering governments ex post payments for verified success in reducing emissions will motivate them to protect and restore ***,the extent to which performance-based payments motivate governments to protect and restore forests has yet to be evaluated *** have only quantitatively evaluated performance-based payments to non-governments for forest outcomes(*** for ecosystem services)and to governments for non-forest outcomes(***-based aid).Methods:We describe how researchers now have an opportunity to more easily evaluate performance-based payments to governments for forest outcomes thanks to India’s new ecological fiscal transfers(EFTs),which provide$6-12 billion per year to Indian states in proportion to their forest ***:India’s EFTs differ from REDD+programs in that they pay for states’stock of forest area in the recent past rather than reductions in the rate of forest carbon loss in the ***,India’s EFTs focus on a single outcome and have many recipient governments,significant financial scale,lack of contemporaneous confounding policy changes,universal participation,and long-term data ***:These features make India’s EFTs especially useful for testing the payment-forperformance premise of REDD+.

关键词： Ecological fiscal transfers India monitoring and evaluation payment-forperformance REDD+

Theoretical and Numerical Studies on the Coupling Deformation of global Lateral Buckling and Walking of Submarine Pipeline

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2023年第6期22卷 1516-1528页

作者： LIU Run HAO Xintong LI Chengfeng LI Qingxin YU Zheng ZHAO Dang State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and operation Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Buckling initiation devices/techniques,including sleepers,distributed buoyancy,snake lay,and residual curvature method(RCM),have recently been widely applied in *** initiated buckles may induce a long pipeline to transform into multiple short pipeline segments,which promote the occurrence of pipeline ***,a pipeline,which is designed to buckle laterally,may laterally and axially displace over time when subjected to repeated heating and cooling *** study aims to reveal the coupling mechanism of pipeline walking and global lateral ***,an analytic solution is proposed to estimate the walking of pipeline segments between two adjacent ***,the sensitivity of this method to heating and cooling cycles is *** show the applicability of the proposed walking analytical solution of buckling ***,an influence analysis of walking on global buckling,including the capacity of buckling initiation,buckling amplitude,buckling mode,and failure assessment of the buckling pipeline,is *** results reveal that the effect of walking on the buckling axial force is ***,pipeline walking will aggravate the asymmetry of the pipeline buckling and the failure parameters of the pipeline during the post-buckling.

关键词： submarine pipeline global lateral buckling pipeline walking coupling deformation analytic solution

Design of the pulse duty cycle of the pseudolite signal in local area augmentation systems

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第6期54卷 1004-1008页

作者： LI ChunXia CHEN JinPing CHU HengLin Beijing global Information Application and development Center Beijing 100094China

The short-pulse TDMA signal is an excellent solution to the near-far problem in the pseudolite augmentation systems,and the pulse duty cycle is an important element in the *** paper aims at designing the duty cycle of the pseudolite pulse signals with a theoretical *** first,the scope of the duty cycle is derived theoretically with the object of ensuring the reception of both the pseudolite signals and the satellite signals,and the expression for the theoretical upper limit is *** based on the proposed expression,the duty cycles of Galileo pseudolite pulse signals are *** theoretical upper limit can guide the design of the short-pulse TDMA pseudolite signals.

关键词： pseudolite short-pulse TDMA duty cycle

Energy consumption and emission mitigation prediction based on data center traffic and PUE for global data centers

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global Energy Interconnection 2020年第3期3卷 272-282页

作者： Yanan Liu Xiaoxia Wei Jinyu Xiao Zhijie Liu Yang Xu Yun Tian School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Normal UniversityHaidian DistrictBeijng 100875China global Energy Interconnection development and Cooperation Organization Xicheng DistrictBeijing 100031China

With the rapid development of technologies such as big data and cloud computing,data communication and data computing in the form of exponential growth have led to a large amount of energy consumption in data ***,data centers will become the world’s largest users of energy consumption,with the ratio rising from 3%in 2017 to 4.5%in *** to its unique climate and energy-saving advantages,the high-latitude area in the Pan-Arctic region has gradually become a hotspot for data center site selection in recent *** order to predict and analyze the future energy consumption and carbon emissions of global data centers,this paper presents a new method based on global data center traffic and power usage effectiveness(PUE)for energy consumption ***,global data center traffic growth is predicted based on the Cisco’s ***,the dynamic global average PUE and the high latitude PUE based on Romonet simulation model are obtained,and then global data center energy consumption with two different scenarios,the decentralized scenario and the centralized scenario,is analyzed quantitatively via the polynomial fitting *** simulation results show that,in 2030,the global data center energy consumption and carbon emissions are reduced by about 301 billion kWh and 720 million tons CO2 in the centralized scenario compared with that of the decentralized scenario,which confirms that the establishment of data centers in the Pan-Arctic region in the future can effectively relief the climate change and energy *** study provides support for global energy consumption prediction,and guidance for the layout of future global data centers from the perspective of energy ***,it provides support of the feasibility of the integration of energy and information networks under the global Energy Interconnection conception.

关键词： Data center Pan-Arctic Energy consumption carbon emission Data traffic PUE global Energy Interconnection

Penetrating power characteristics of half-wavelength AC transmission in point-to-grid system

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第1期7卷 123-130页

作者： Hanqing LIANG Yadong LIU Lei WAN Gehao SHENG Xiuchen JIANG Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University global Energy Interconnection development and Cooperation Organization

With the proposed concept of global energy interconnection, half-wavelength alternating current transmission(HWACT) technology becomes of more *** lines can be adopted to establish a pointto-grid system, in which the penetrating power(PP) is produced between receiving terminals, having a significant effect on the power flow *** order to investigate this phenomenon, the PP characteristics of the HWACT system are researched in this ***, the mathematical relationship between the transmission power and terminal bus voltages of a single HWACT line is derived using the equations of a distributed parameter *** research indicates that the relationship between power and terminal voltages shows ‘‘reverse characteristics"opposite to those of regular short transmission ***, the concept and definition of PP in a point-to-grid system with two receiving terminals are proposed, and the corresponding relationship between PP and the terminal bus voltages is *** are carried out to validate the theory under different conditions, so that the accuracy and adaptiveness of the theoretical analysis can be *** addition, the results demonstrate that selecting the location for a HWACT system has demanding requirements in order to control the value of PP.

关键词： Half-wavelength alternating current transmission(HWACT) Ultra-high voltage Synchronous power grids Penetrating power(PP)