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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第4期9卷 439-448页

作者： Anthony Amoah Adusei Jumah Kofi Korle School of Sustainable development University of Environment and Sustainable DevelopmentSomanyaGhana&Africa Centre for Economics and Policy Research(ACAEP)Ghana Department of Economics Central UniversityAccraGhana

In recent years, debates on the alarming rate of forest depletion emanating from growth in urban settlement and changed urban land-use patterns have gained prominence across the globe. The present study adopts a demandside management approach to investigate household’s willingness-to-pay for the restoration and maintenance of protected forest reserves in three municipalities in ghana. Using survey data of 733 households from the Greater Accra Region of ghana, we model the demand for forest restoration and maintenance, respectively, by means of the contingent valuation technique. As part of the findings, the study shows evidence that a household is willing to pay Gh￠50.99($8.67) and Gh￠31.12($5.29) per annum to restore and maintain the protected forests,respectively. These amounts constitute less than one percent of the average household income per ***, critical validity tests are conducted to validate the robustness of the results. This study provides willingness-to-pay estimates for forest and forest resources, and its associated determinants. These estimates seek to bridge the information gap and inform policy decisions toward the overarching aim of ensuring sustainable forest management in ghana.

关键词： Reserved forest Restoration Maintenance Tobit model Willingness-to-pay CVM

Towards understanding the environmental and climatic changes and its contribution to the spread of wildfires in ghana using remote sensing tools and machine learning (Google Earth Engine)

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1300-1331页

作者： Kueshi Sémanou Dahan Raymond Abudu Kasei Rikiatu Husseini Mohammed Y.Said Md.Mijanur Rahman Department of Environment and Sustainability Sciences University for Development StudiesTamaleGhana West African Centre for Water Irrigation and Sustainable Agriculture(WACWISA)University for Development StudiesTamaleGhana Department of Environment Water and Waste EngineeringUniversity for Development StudiesTamaleGhana Department of Forestry and Forest Resources Management Faculty of Natural Resources and EnvironmentUniversity for Development StudiesTamaleGhana Center for Sustainable Drylands Ecosystems and Societies University of NairobiNairobiKenya Founder and CEO Study Hacks(Institute of GIS&Remote Sensing) Department of Geography&EnvironmentJagannah UniversityDhakaBangladesh

Data processing and climate characterisation to study its impact is becoming difficult due to insufficient and unavailable data,especially in developing *** climate’s impact on burnt areas in ghana(Guinea-savannah(GSZ)and Forest-savannah Mosaic zones(FSZ))leads us to opt for machine *** Google Earth Engine(GEE),rainfall(PR),maximum temperature(Tmax),minimum temperature(Tmin),average temperature(Tmean),Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI),relative humidity(RH),wind speed(WS),soil moisture(SM),actual evapotranspiration(ETA)and reference evapotranspiration(ETR)have been acquired through CHIRPS(Climate Hazards group Infrared Precipitation with Stations),FLDAS dataset(Famine Early Warning Systems Network(FEWS NET)Land Data Assimilation System)and TerraClimate platform from 1991 to *** objective is to analyse the link and the contribution of climatic and environmental parameters on wildfire spread in GSZ and FSZ in *** were analysed(area burnt and the number of activefires)through Spearman correlation and the cross-correlation function(CCF)(2001 to 2021).The tests(Mann-Kendall and Sens’s slope trend test,Pettitt test and the Lee and Heghinian test)showed the overall decrease in rainfall and increase in temperature respectively(-0.1 mm;+0.8℃)in GSZ and(-0.9 mm;+0.3℃)in *** terms of impact,PR,ETR,FDI,Tmean,Tmax,Tmin,RH,ETA and SM contribute tofire *** the codes developed,researchers and decision-makers could update them at different times easily to monitor climate variability and its impact onfires.

关键词： Climate change Google Earth Engine mitigation machine learning wildfire ghana

Public awareness,participation and attitude toward the national biosafety framework and genetically modified organisms in ghana

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第2期3卷 147-153页

作者： Richard Ampadu-Ameyaw George Owusu Essegbey Eric Okoree Amaning CSIR-Science and Technology Policy Research Institute Ghana National Biosafety authority Ghana

Public engagement in the development,promotion,and utilization of innovation is an important part of any biosafety decision-making *** the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety,the public is expected to be involved in the development and handling of genetically modified organisms(GMOs)and the implementation of a national biosafety framework(NBF),which governs and regulates the operations of modern biotechnology and *** this study,we explore the state of public knowledge and awareness regarding GMOs and attitudes toward the NBF in ghana using a survey conducted in three elite communities in Accra,the capital of *** interviewed 130 people and found that while most of the respondents obtained information on GMOs through the media,academic papers,and agriculture awareness workshops,access to information on the technology and the NBF was often *** results showed that despite the existence of GMOs and an NBF in ghana for many years,awareness,understanding,and knowledge of GMOs and the NBF remain *** found that young,better-educated males are more likely to accept GMOs and be aware of the *** suggests the need for more widespread public education,engagement,and awareness development regarding GMOs,the NBF,and governing institutions as a way of resolving the problems created by misinformation,distrust,and fear,and increasing public confidence in GMOs.

关键词： Biosafety Public engagement Genetically modified organisms Innovation ghana

Assessing farmers' contribution to greenhouse gas emission and the impact of adopting climate-smart agriculture on mitigation

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 592-601页

作者： Michael Ayeah Israel Joseph Amikuzuno Gideon Danso-Abbeam Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University for Development StudiesTamaleGhana

Background:The adoption of climate-smart agricultural(CSA)practices is expected to improve farmers’adaptation to climate change and also increase yields while simultaneously curbing greenhouse gas(GHG)*** paper explores the determinants of smallholder farmers’participation in GHG-emitting *** also estimates the impact of CSA activities on reducing GHG ***:The findings are based on survey data obtained from 350 smallholder farmers in the East Gonja district of Northern *** adopted the generalized Poisson regression model in identifying factors influencing farmers’participation in the GHG emission practices and inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment(IPWRA)to estimate the impact of CSA adoption on GHG ***:Most farming households engaged in at least one emission *** findings of the generalized Poisson model found that wealthier households,higher education,and households with access to extension services were less likely to participate in GHG emission *** was also evidence that CSA adoption significantly reduces GHG ***:Advocacy in CSA adoption could be a necessary condition for environmental protection through the reduction of GHG emissions.

关键词： Climate-smart agriculture Emission Mitigation Adoption Under-dispersion Count models Treatment effect

Does financial development lower energy intensity?

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第3期14卷 620-634页

作者： Philip Kofi ADOM Michael Owusu APPIAH Mawunvo Prosper AGRADI Department of development Policy School of Public Service and GovernanceGhana Institute of Management and Public Administration(GIMPA)AchimotaGhana Department of Finance Business SchoolUniversity of Cape CoastAccraGhana Department of Banking and Finance University of Professional StudiesAccraGhana

The growth-induced effects of financial development have been well-established in the empirical literature,as well as the significance of financial development to energy demand ***,the empirical evidence on the relationship between financial development and energy intensity remains sparse in the *** the multifaceted nature of the effects of financial development,the proposed relationship seems a complex one and warrants an empirical *** the case of ghana,this study provides an empirical answer to the question:does financial development lower energy intensity?To provide solid grounds for either rejection or acceptance of the null hypothesis,this study performed several robustness ***,the evidence revealed that financial development lowers energy ***,the results revealed that the price of energy,trade liberalization and industry structure play significant *** results have important implications for the design of macro energy efficiency policies and the creation of a‘Green Bank’.

关键词： financial development energy intensity energy efficiency ghana

Evaluation of Surface Water Availability for Inland Valleys Rice Production： The Case of Mankran Watershed in a Deciduous Forest Zone of ghana

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2012年第2期1卷 250-259页

作者： Busia N. Dawuni Regassa Namara Fred Kizito Hideto Fujii ghana irrigation development authority Accra Ghana International Water Management Institute Accra Ghana Japan International Cooperation Centre for Agricultural Sciences （J1RCAS） lbaraki 305-8686 Japan

In ghana, inland valleys have been found to be suitable for rice cultivation and could potentially increase lowland paddy rice production, This study estimated the temporal variations of surface water resources and their spatial distribution in the Mankran watershed of ghana through the collection of recorded hydrological data in the bench mark watershedfrom2008 to 2010. Since most inland valley rice cultivation highly depends on rainfall, the watershed precipitation data over a decadal period showed sufficient wet years with a potential to sustain a high cultivation of paddy rice. Peak wetness occurred in June and October over a bi-modal precipitation pattern. Rating curve data for the Mankran-kesse river-upstream depicted low discharge values despite having a higher stream order. Thus stream order alone was not sufficient to estimate water resources potential. It was presumed that the geomorphology and lithology of the highly porous river bed and the presence of high sub-surface water resources stored in this zone may be implicated for this observation. Provision of water storage options for zones like Kesse-upstream seems a feasible option in order to cater for supplementary irrigation while indirectly tapping on subsurface water resources stored in the porous aquifers through basin interflows. Base flow data also showed that the discharge from upstream locations to the downstream exit of the watershed was high through direct surface river discharge and subsurface interflow. The temporal patterns of the hydrology indicate that annual paddy rice cultivation is ideal between May and October.

关键词： Mankran watershed inland valleys surface water availability rice production.

Estimation of Infiltration Models’ Parameters Using Regression Analysis in irrigation Fields of Northern ghana

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2021年第3期11卷 164-176页

作者： Abdallah Salifu Felix. K. Abagale Gordana Kranjac-Berisavljevic Department of Agricultural Mechanisation and irrigation Technology Faculty of Agriculture Food and Consumer Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana West African Centre for Water Irrigation and Sustainable Agriculture University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

The quantification of soil infiltration is necessary for the estimation of water accessibility in soils for plant growth and development. Field infiltration tests runs were conducted on agricultural soils in three irrigation sites of Northern ghana. The field data were fitted into Green and Ampt, Kostiakov, Philip, Holtan, Soil Conservation Service and Horton infiltration models for the determination of the unknown model parameters. Regression analysis at 95% confidence level using GraphPad Prism 8. Laboratory and field data on infiltration were used for the model fitting and the unknown parameters were determined using the calibrated models. The k and n parameters of Kostiakov model at Bontanga study site were found to be k = 28.0027 and n = 0.5902, k = 17.0294 and n = 0.4504 for Golinga and k = 23.0356 and n = 0.6339 for Libga. For all the models, the coefficient of determination ranged from 0.7612 to 0.9876 indicating strong relationships. Only Holtan model gave different values at all the three study sites. The parameter GIa and ic of the Holtan model drawn from hydrologic soil group were the same at all the study sites because of the same vegetative cover and surface conditions. The study observed the values of the parameters to have influenced the models’ performance.

关键词： Parameter Infiltration Model Regression Sorptivity Transmissivity

Attentiveness to Early Warning Drought Information:Implications for Policy Support and Climate Risk Reduction in ghana

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第1期13卷 25-37页

作者： Peter Dok Tindan Divine Odame Appiah Alexander Yao Segbefia Department of Geography and Rural development Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiAshanti RegionGhana

Successful drought planning is dependent on the generation of timely and accurate early warning *** there is little evidence to explain the extent to which crop farmers pay attention to and assimilate early warning drought information that aids in the policy formulation in support of drought risk reduction.A socioecological survey,using a structured questionnaire administered to 426 crop farming households,was carried out in the Talensi District of the Upper East Region,*** data analytic techniques used were frequency tables,relative importance index,and multinomial logistics embedded in SPSS v.20 *** results show that crop farmers predominantly rely on agricultural extension officers for early warning drought information,with an estimated 78% of them paying little to very much attention to the *** likelihood ratio Chi-square test showed that there is a significant improvement in fit as X^(2)(20)=96.792,pghana will receive 60% lower support from crop farmers paying no to a little attention as compared to farmers paying very much attention to early warning drought *** stakeholder engagements should be carried out to harness inclusive support from crop farmers to build a climate-resilient society in ghana.

关键词： Attentiveness to early drought warning Climate risk Drought risk reduction ghana

Deposition of Nutrients From Harmattan Dust in ghana, West Africa

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Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 613-621页

作者： Henrik BREUNING-MADSEN Theodore Wola AWADZI Gry LYNGSIE Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Department of Geography and Resource development University of Ghana

In order to measure dust's nutrient input on farmland in different agro-ecological zones, Harmattan dust was sampled by mats with plastic straw in ghana between 2002–2006. The inputs of total nutrients by Harmattan dust in ghana per Harmattan period were about 1–2 kg Ca ha-1, 0.5–2 kg K ha-1, 0.5–1.5 kg Mg ha-1and less than 0.5 kg P ha-1. Compared with the annual input of nutrients by precipitation, the dust accounted for 10% or less of Ca, Mg and K but approximately 20%–40% of P. The input of nutrients by dust was only valid for areas with vegetation, because in areas with none or sparse vegetation, loss of soil due to wind erosion and hereby loss of nutrients might be significant. In farmland areas with bare and vegetated fields there seemed to be an internal redistribution of the nutrients and not a net gain of nutrients from outside the area(long-range transported dust). The input of P by dust might be of some importance in the traditional shifting cultivation systems, while the inputs of other three nutrients of Ca, Mg and K were so low that they must be considered insignificant. In the intensive agriculture systems with huge inputs of manures and fertilizers the nutrient input by dust is insignificant and could be neglected.

关键词： deposition rate dust deposition input of nutrient long-range transported dust nutrient concentration traditionalagricultural system

Seasonal Variation and Removal of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater Using Low-Cost Treatment Technologies in Tamale Metropolis, ghana

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第4期13卷 271-282页

作者： Felix K. Abagale West African Centre for Water Irrigation and Sustainable Agriculture University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana

The use of wastewater as alternative source of water for vegetable crop irrigation has become an eminent component of urban agriculture due to current global water crises in most developing countries, and admits the increasing effects of global climate change. The practise is however noted to be associated with significant health and environment risk due to excessive pollutant load. The study assessed the level of seasonal variation and removal of organic pollutants in wastewater using gravel filters combined with stabilisation ponds at Zagyuri in the Tamale Metropolis. The yard scale experiment consisted of cylindrical containers of different length filled with six different sizes of filter media and connected to stabilisation ponds where wastewater is allowed to pass through for filtration and stabilisation. The results indicated that for both seasons, the average concentration of BOD released into the stream at Zagyuri was 92.98 mg/l and 103.54 mg/l for the dry and wet season respectively whilst the COD was averaged 132.78 mg/l and 143.75 mg/l for the dry and wet seasons respectively. The results of the simple linear regression revealed a strong positive linear relationship between BOD and COD with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.873 which was statistically highly significantly at Pr value of Pr values of 0.0011 and 5 and COD. The average concentration of BOD was higher than the ghana EPA recommended levels while that of COD was lower and thus within safety range for discharge into the environment.

关键词： Organic Pollutant BOD5 COD Wastewater Treatment