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Developing a multi-method approach to identifying e-scooter hazard hotspots

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 667-680页

作者： Michael Hardinghaus Simon Nieland Rebekka Oostendorp Jan Weschke german Aerospace center (DLR) Institute of Transport Research

In recent years, e-scooters have been introduced in many European cities. In several places we have witnessed a rapid uptake of this new mode of transport mainly as a result of public sharing schemes. A number of incidents, injuries and even fatalities have given rise to questions regarding the safety of these vehicles. These questions are being researched mainly using official crash data and data specifying injuries and hospital treatment. Until now, the research has focused on investigating typical injury patterns and estimating risk levels. Very little is known about exactly where conflicts and crashes occur. Knowledge of hazard hotspots is crucial when investigating risk levels and improving safety for all road ***, this paper develops an approach to investigating locations with potentially dangerous interactions within the active mobility system in the city of Berlin. The approach consists of explorative expert interviews, an online poll, and quantitative analyses. For the latter we combine three datasets. First, we research crash hotspots using official data. Second, we use data based on acceleration sensors from cyclists' smartphones to find locations of sudden movements. Third, we use trip data from the operators of escooter sharing systems. The information gathered is used in a conclusive expert workshop to identify hazard *** show that many of the conflicts with pedestrians are caused by parked escooters. Second, e-scooter trips are concentrated in the inner city and along specific routes. In moving traffic, various data sources are used to identify hotspots at intersections and in areas between *** present research lays the foundation for important further studies to investigate interactions at hotspots in detail by determining nine specific locations in the city of Berlin.

关键词： E-scooter Accidents Crashes Active mobility Micromobility Road safety

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Cellular precision modulation of JAK1:tailoring therapies for allergic lung inflammation

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2843-2844页

作者： Xiaocheng Yan Siegfried Ussar Research Unit Adipocytes&Metabolism(ADM) Helmholtz Diabetes CenterHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenGerman Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH85764 NeuherbergGermany german center for Diabetes Research(DZD) 85764 NeuherbergGermany

In a recent publication published in Cell,Tamari et *** a previously unrecognized role of JAK1 signaling in vagal sensory neurons regulating the immune response to allergic lung inflammation.1 The authors show that sensory neuromodulation could be an important therapeutic avenue for the treatment of lung *** is now well established that the number of patients suffering from allergic disorders,like those suffering from obesity and the metabolic syndrome,is rapidly increasing world-wide,accelerating the burden on individual health and healthcare ***,basic and clinical researchers urgently need to develop novel therapeutics and approaches to limit or prevent disease development or progression.

关键词： JAK1 allergic lung

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Structural insights into the Oryza sativa cation transporters HKTs in salt tolerance

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 700-708页

作者： Ran Gao Yutian Jia Xia Xu Peng Fu Jiaqi Zhou Guanghui Yang State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental resilience Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The high-affinity potassium transporters(HKTs),selectively permeable to either Na^(+)alone or Na^(+)/K^(+),play pivotal roles in maintaining plant Na^(+)/K^(+)*** their involvement in salt tolerance is widely reported,the molecular underpinnings of Oryza sativa HKTs remain *** this study,we elucidate the structures of OsHKT1;1 and OsHKT2;1,representing two distinct classes of rice *** dimeric assembled OsHKTs can be structurally divided into four *** the dimer interface,a half-helix or a loop in the third domain is coordinated by the C-terminal region of the opposite ***,we present the structures of OsHKT1;5 salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive variants,a key quantitative trait locus associated with salt *** salt-tolerant variant of OsHKT1;5 exhibits enhanced Na^(+)transport capability and displays a more flexible *** findings shed light on the molecular basis of rice HKTs and provide insights into their role in salt tolerance.

关键词： HKT salt-tolerant structure

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Enabling Efficient Data Transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks-Based IoT Application

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4197-4218页

作者： Ibraheem Al-Hejri Farag Azzedin Sultan Almuhammadi Naeem Firdous Syed Information and Computer Science Department King Fahd University of Petroleum andMineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia center for Cyber resilience and Trust(CREST) Deakin UniversityGeelong3220Australia

The use of the Internet of Things(IoT)is expanding at an unprecedented scale in many critical applications due to the ability to interconnect and utilize a plethora of wide range of *** critical infrastructure domains like oil and gas supply,intelligent transportation,power grids,and autonomous agriculture,it is essential to guarantee the confidentiality,integrity,and authenticity of data collected and ***,the limited resources coupled with the heterogeneity of IoT devices make it inefficient or sometimes infeasible to achieve secure data transmission using traditional cryptographic ***,designing a lightweight secure data transmission scheme is becoming *** this article,we propose lightweight secure data transmission(LSDT)scheme for IoT *** consists of three phases and utilizes an effective combination of symmetric keys and the Elliptic Curve Menezes-Qu-Vanstone asymmetric key agreement *** design the simulation environment and experiments to evaluate the performance of the LSDT scheme in terms of communication and computation *** and performance analysis indicates that the LSDT scheme is secure,suitable for IoT applications,and performs better in comparison to other related security schemes.

关键词： IoT lightweight computation complexity communication overhead cybersecurity threats threat prevention secure data transmission Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) elliptic curve cryptography

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Methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3)inhibition potentiates anti-tumor immunity:a novel strategy for improving anti-PD1 therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 10-11页

作者： Anna Brichkina Roman Suezov Magdalena Huber Institute of Systems Immunology Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Philipps University of Marburg35043 MarburgGermany

In a recent article published in Cancer Discovery,Guirguis et *** that enzymatic inhibitors of the m6 A methyltransferase METTL3 induced a formation of immunostimulatory doublestranded mRNAs(dsRNAs)in cancer cells,which triggered a profound tumor-cell-intrinsic interferon response leading to an enhanced antigen presentation and thereby increased killing of tumor cells by cytotoxic CD8+*** inhibition of METTL3 synergized with anti-PD1 immunotherapy,highlighting its potential for improving cancer treatment.

关键词： PD1 immunity

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Ca^(2+)-independent ZmCPK2 is inhibited by Ca^(2+)-dependent ZmCPK17 during drought response in maize

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1313-1333页

作者： Xiaoying Hu Jinkui Cheng Minmin Lu Tingting Fang Yujuan Zhu Zhen Li Xiqing Wang Yu Wang Yan Guo Shuhua Yang Zhizhong Gong State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental resilience Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingCenter for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

Calcium oscillations are induced by different ***-dependent protein kinases(CDPKs/CPKs)are one major group of the plant calcium decoders that are involved in various processes including drought *** CPKs are ***,we identified ZmCPK2 as a negative regulator of drought resistance by screening an overexpression transgenic maize *** found that ZmCPK2 does not bind calcium,and its activity is mainly inhibited during short term abscisic acid(ABA)treatment,and dynamically changed in prolonged ***,ZmCPK2 interacts with and is inhibited by calcium-dependent ZmCPK17,a positive regulator of drought resistance,which is activated by ***17 could prevent the nuclear localization of ZmCPK2 through phosphorylation of ***2 interacts with and phosphorylates and activates ZmYAB15,a negative transcriptional factor for drought *** results suggest that drought stress-induced Ca^(2+)can be decoded directly by ZmCPK17 that inhibits ZmCPK2,thereby promoting plant adaptation to water deficit.

关键词： CDPK drought response phosphorylation stomatal movement transcriptional regulation

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Phosphorylation of ZmAL14 by ZmSnRK2.2 regulates drought resistance through derepressing ZmROP8 expression

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1334-1350页

作者： Yalin Wang Jinkui Cheng Yazhen Guo Zhen Li Shuhua Yang Yu Wang Zhizhong Gong State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental resilience Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

Drought stress has negative effects on crop growth and *** of transcription factors that regulate the expression of drought-responsive genes is critical for understanding the transcriptional regulatory networks in response to drought,which facilitates the improvement of crop drought ***,we identified an Alfin-like(AL)family gene ZmAL14 that negatively regulates drought *** of ZmAL14 exhibits susceptibility to drought while mutation of ZmAL14 enhances drought *** abscisic acid(ABA)-activated protein kinase ZmSnRK2.2 interacts and phosphorylates ZmAL14 at T38 *** of ZmSnRK2.2 gene decreases drought resistance of maize.A dehydration-induced Rho-like small guanosine triphosphatase gene ZmROP8 is directly targeted and repressed by *** of ZmAL14 by ZmSnRK2.2 prevents its binding to the ZmROP8 promoter,thereby releasing the repression of ZmROP8 *** of ZmROP8 stimulates peroxidase activity and reduces hydrogen peroxide accumulation after drought ***,our study indicates that ZmAL14 is a negative regulator of drought resistance,which can be phosphorylated by ZmSnRK2.2 through the ABA signaling pathway,thus preventing its suppression on ZmROP8 transcription during drought stress response.

关键词： ZmAL14 drought tolerance transcription factor maize

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AP4 induces JNK1 and a miR-22-3p/FOSL1 feed-forward loop to activate AP-1 and promote colorectal cancer metastasis

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Cancer Communications 2024年第3期44卷 433-437页

作者： Jinjiang Chou Markus Kaller Matjaz Rokavec Fangteng Liu Heiko Hermeking Experimental and Molecular Pathology Institute of PathologyMedical FacultyLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany german Cancer Consortium(DKTK) Partner siteMunichGermany german Cancer Research center(DKFZ) HeidelbergGermany

Dear Editor,Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most deadly can-cer worldwide[1].The mortality of CRC has remained high due to limited treatment options for metastatic CRC(mCRC)[2].Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)is an important contributor to mCRC[2].The c-MYC proto-oncogene(MYC)-induced transcription factor AP4(TFAP4/AP4)isadriverofEMT,therebypresumablyfacil-itates mCRC[3,4].The mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)/c-JunN-terminalkinase(JNK)/activatorprotein-1(AP-1)pathway has been implicated in the regulation of EMT and mCRC[5].

关键词： JNK1 metastasis EMT

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Rescue of p53 functions by in vitro-transcribed mRNA impedes the growth of high-grade serous ovarian cancer

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Cancer Communications 2024年第1期44卷 101-126页

作者： Monika Raab Izabela Kostova Samuel Peña-Llopis Daniela Fietz Monika Kressin Seyed Mohsen Aberoumandi Evelyn Ullrich Sven Becker Mourad Sanhaji Klaus Strebhardt Department of Gynecology Medical SchoolGoethe-UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany Translational Genomics in Solid Tumors West German Cancer CenterUniversity HospitalEssenGermany german Cancer Consortium(DKTK) EssenGermany german Cancer Research center(DKFZ) HeidelbergGermany Histology and Embryology Institute for Veterinary AnatomyGiessenGermany Franfurt Cancer Institute(FCI) Goethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany german Cancer Consortium(DKTK) Partner site Frankfurt/Mainza partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany Experimental Immunology Department for Children and Adolescents MedicineUniversity Hospital FrankfurtGoethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany

Background:The cellular tumor protein p53(TP53)is a tumor suppressor gene that is frequently mutated in human *** various cancer types,the very aggressive high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma(HGSOC)exhibits the high-est prevalence of TP53 mutations,present in>96%of *** intensive efforts to reactivate p53,no clinical drug has been approved to rescue p53 *** this study,our primary objective was to administer in vitro-transcribed(IVT)wild-type(WT)p53-mRNA to HGSOC cell lines,primary cells,and ortho-topic mouse models,with the aim of exploring its impact on inhibiting tumor growth and dissemination,both in vitro and in ***:To restore the activity of p53,WT p53 was exogenously expressed in HGSOC cell lines using a mammalian vector ***,IVT WT p53 mRNA was delivered into different HGSOC model systems(primary cells and patient-derived organoids)using liposomes and studied for proliferation,cell cycle progression,apoptosis,colony formation,and chromosomal *** alterations induced by p53 mRNA were analyzed using RNA sequencing in OVCAR-8 and primary HGSOC cells,followed by ingenuity path-way *** vivo effects on tumor growth and metastasis were studied using orthotopic xenografts and metastatic intraperitoneal mouse ***:Reactivation of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene was explored in differ-ent HGSOC model systems using newly designed IVT mRNA-based *** introduction of WT p53 mRNA triggered dose-dependent apoptosis,cell cycle arrest,and potent long-lasting inhibition of HGSOC cell *** analysis of OVCAR-8 cells upon mRNA-based p53 reactivation revealed significant alterations in gene expression related to p53 signaling,such as apoptosis,cell cycle regulation,and DNA *** p53 function concurrently reduces chromosomal instability within the HGSOC cells,under-scoring its crucial contribution in safeguarding genomic integrity by moderating the baselin

关键词： apoptosis cell cycle chromosomal instability HGSOC metastatic intraperitoneal mouse model HGSOC orthotopic Xenograft model high-grade serous ovarian cancer in vitro-transcribed p53-mRNA liposomal IVT mRNA delivery system patient-derived organoid patient-derived primary cancer cell

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Harnessing naturally occurring mutations for T-cell therapy:a potential new avenue to enhance treatment efficacy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1799-1801页

作者： Michael Hiltensperger Jürgen Ruland Kilian Schober Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie Immunologie und HygieneFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry School of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany TranslaTUM Center for Translational Cancer ResearchTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany german Cancer Consortium(DKTK) HeidelbergGermany german center for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site MunichMunichGermany FAU Profile center Immunomedicine Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,Garcia et *** a sophisticated approach to identify fitness-enhancing mutations for T cells that was inspired by cancer evolution.1 The identified CARD11-PIK3R3 gene fusion enhanced tumor rejection and persistence of engineered T cells in multiple tumor models and might have the potential to improve efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapies in cancer patients.

关键词： cancer potential

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