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A scoping review of methodologies for applying artificial intelligence to physical activity interventions

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 428-441页

作者： Ruopeng An Jing Shen Junjie Wang Yuyi Yang Brown School Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130USA Department of Physical Education China University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Kinesiology and Health Promotion Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China division of Computational and Data Sciences Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130USA

Purpose This scoping review aimed to offer researchers and practitioners an understanding of artificial intelligence(AI)applications in physical activity(PA)interventions;introduce them to prevalent machine learning(ML),deep learning(DL),and reinforcement learning(RL)algorithms;and encourage the adoption of AI methodologies.Methods A scoping review was performed in PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,and EBSCO focusing on AI applications for promoting PA or predicting related behavioral or health outcomes.AI methodologies were summarized and categorized to identify synergies,patterns,and trends informing future research.Additionally,a concise primer on predominant AI methodologies within the realm of PA was provided to bolster understanding and broader application.Results The review included 24 studies that met the predetermined eligibility criteria.AI models were found effective in detecting significant patterns of PA behavior and associations between specific factors and intervention outcomes.Most studies comparing AI models to traditional statistical approaches reported higher prediction accuracy for AI models on test data.Comparisons of different AI models yielded mixed results,likely due to model performance being highly dependent on the dataset and task.An increasing trend of adopting state-of-the-art DL and RL models over standard ML was observed,addressing complex human–machine communication,behavior modification,and decision-making tasks.Six key areas for future AI adoption in PA interventions emerged:personalized PA interventions,real-time monitoring and adaptation,integration of multimodal data sources,evaluation of intervention effectiveness,expanding access to PA interventions,and predicting and preventing injuries.Conclusion The scoping review highlights the potential of AI methodologies for advancing PA interventions.As the field progresses,staying informed and exploring emerging AI-driven strategies is essential for achieving significant improvements in PA interventions and fostering overall we

关键词： Artificial intelligence Intervention Machine learning Neural network Physical activity

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Wavefield Separation of Distributed Acoustic Sensing Vertical Seismic Profile Data Based on Multichannel Vector Median Filtering

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 712-716页

作者： Zijuan Ma Jun Lu Feng Zhang Pinbo Ding Zhidong Cai Key Laboratory of Intraplate Volcanoes and Earthquakes Ministry of EducationChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China College of Geophysics China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China New Resources Geophysical Exploration division BGP Inc.CNPCZhuozhouHebei 072751China

INTRODUCTION Distributed acoustic sensing(DAS)is a novel and popular technology for vertical seismic profile(VSP)data acquisition because of its many advantages,including full vertical coverage,high sampling density,low cost,and resistance to stressors(high temperature and pressure).The current industrial application of DAS in borehole exploration acquires single-mode fibers.It records strain rates,which are then converted to particle velocities by the modem before being written to the disk.

关键词： Seismic Vertical borehole

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Circularly polarized light emission and detection by chiral inorganic semiconductors

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 43-49页

作者： Zha Li Wancai Li Dehui Li Wei Tang Huageng Liang Huaibing Song Chao Chen Liang Gao Jiang Tang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China International Health Care Center National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162‑8655Japan Hepato‑Biliary‑Pancreatic Surgery division Department of SurgeryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyo 113‑8655Japan Department of Urology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Chiral inorganic semiconductors with high dissymmetric factor are highly desirable,but it is generally difficult to induce chiral structure in inorganic semiconductors because of their structure rigidity and symmetry.In this study,we introduced chiral ZnO film as hard template to transfer chirality to CsPbBr3 film and PbS quantum dots(QDs)for circularly polarized light(CPL)emission and detection,respectively.The prepared CsPbBr_(3)/ZnO thin film exhibited CPL emission at 520 nm and the PbS QDs/ZnO film realized CPL detection at 780 nm,featuring high dissymmetric factor up to around 0.4.The electron transition based mechanism is responsible for chirality transfer.

关键词： High dissymmetric factor Circularly polarized light emission Semiconductor Hard template,Chirality

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Net effect of air pollution controls on health risk in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region during the 2022 winter Olympics and Paralympics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 560-569页

作者： Changqing Lin Peter K.K.Louie Alexis K.H.Lau Jimmy C.H.Fung Zibing Yuan Minghui Tao Xuguo Zhang Md.Shakhaoat Hossain Chengcai Li Xiang Qian Lao division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong Government SARHong KongChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Due to the non-linearity in ozone(O_(3))formation,reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))may increase O_(3) concentration.Given the counteractive O_(3) response to NO_(x) reduction,overall impact of air pollution controls can be ambiguous when the assessments focus on the changes in pollutant concentrations.In this study,a risk-based method was used to gauge the net effect of air pollution controls on mortality risk in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei(BTH)region during the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics(WOP).This mega-event presents a unique opportunity to investigate the efficacy of deep cuts in pollutant emissions.Results show that O_(3) concentrations greatly increased as nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))concentrations decreased in the BTH.Due to the active photochemical formations,O_(3) became the dominant pollutant that affected human health during the WOP.Despite the substantial O_(3) increases,the health benefits of NO_(2) reductions overwhelmed the adverse health effects of O_(3) increases in most regions of the BTH(at 81 out of 112 stations).After considering the impacts of particulate matter,the integrated health risk of air pollution mixtures declined almost everywhere in the BTH.Our results underscore the great necessity of changing the assessment paradigm of pollution control from using concentration-based methods to using risk-based methods.Together with the carbon neutrality policy,stringent control of NO_(x)emission from combustion sources is a promising way to achieve synergistic control solutions for air pollution and climate change.

关键词： Ozone Nitrogen dioxide Health risk Carbon neutrality Mega-events

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Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the proto-Korean Peninsula along the East Asian continental margin from detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope geochemistry

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 97-117页

作者： Yirang Jang Sung Won Kim Vinod O.Samuel Sanghoon Kwon Seung-Ik Park M.Santosh Keewook Yi Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Geology division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral ResourcesDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea Department of Earth System Sciences Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Geology Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Earth Science University of AdelaideAdelaide SA 5005Australia Yonsei Frontiers Lab Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea division of Earth and Environmental Sciences Korea Basic Science InstituteChungbuk 28119Republic of Korea

Detrital zircon geochronology and Hf isotope analysis can be used for inferring provenance characteristics,and to evaluate the tectonic evolution of sedimentary basins and their link with regional orogenesis.The Paleozoic sequences of the Okcheon Belt consist of the Lower Paleozoic Joseon and the Upper Paleozoic Pyeongan supergroups with Middle Paleozoic hiatus locally on top of the Neoproterozoic bimodal volcanic rocks,reflecting an intracontinental rift setting between the two basements(viz.Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs)at southern part of the Korean Peninsula.Our detrital zircon U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotope results show that all these Paleozoic strata commonly have Paleoproterozoic and Paleozoic zircon ages with rare Meso-to Neoproterozoic ages.The individual zircon populations display following features,allowing estimation of their sedimentary provenances:(i)The Paleoproterozoic zircons(ca.1.85 Ga and 2.50 Ga)with similar ranges ofεHf(t)values are most common in the basement rocks of the Korean Peninsula,and were sourced from both the Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs.(ii)The Meso-to Neoproterozoic zircons,preserved only in the Middle to Late Cambrian clastic sedimentary rocks within the carbonate sequences probably reflect proximal provenance.(iii)The youngest Paleozoic zircons of each formation,almost coincident with their deposition ages,suggest presence of syndepositional magmatism,indicating proximal magmatic sources during their deposition.(iv)The Cambrian-Ordovician zircons,from the Lower Paleozoic sequences,but rare in the successive Upper Paleozoic sequences,suggest a provenance change after the hiatus between the two sedimentary successions.(v)The Permian zircons showing differentεHf(t)values indicate that detrital sources were varied at that time.The integrated results in our study suggest provenance variability linked to diverse tectonic environments,reflecting prolonged subduction-related crustal evolution of the proto-Korean Peninsula during the Paleozoic.

关键词： Detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopes Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks Okcheon Belt Taebaeksan zone Korean Peninsula

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Historical variations in autochthonous and allochthonous sediment supplies to the largest freshwater lake in Central India

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第5期37卷 563-575页

作者： Nafees Ahmad Satinder Pal Singh Aasif Mohmad Lone Abul Qasim Ravi Bhushan Gyana Ranjan Tripathy Chinmay Shah Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal geosciences division Physical Research Laboratory Department of Earth and Climate Science Indian Institute of Science Education and Research

Lacustrine sediment preserves high-resolution biogeochemical records of past variations in watershed processes controlling lake sedimentation. The current study explores historical variations in autochthonous and allochthonous sediment supplies to a large tropical freshwater lake system(Upper Lake, Bhopal) protected under the international Ramsar Convention of 2002 against anthropogenic pressures. For this purpose, multi-proxy biogeochemical data are presented for organic matter(total organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorous, and loss on ignition [LOI] at550°C), carbonate(LOI at 950°C), lithic sediment(aluminum, titanium, iron, calcium, magnesium,sodium, potassium, manganese, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, tantalum, thorium, uranium, and rare earth elements), and anthropogenic inputs(lead) measured in a 38 cm long sediment core retrieved from the lake. In addition to the lacustrine sediment core, the samples of catchment bedrock, surface soils, major stream sediment, and eolian dust collected from the lake periphery also are analyzed. The systematic biogeochemical excursions in the upper core section(top ～8 cm) indicate increased anthropogenic inputs, watershed denudation by agricultural activities, artificially reduced fluvial sediment supply, relatively increased dust inputs and lake eutrophication in the last few decades. The current study underscores the roles of anthropogenic land-use and wetland conservation practices in the rapid alteration of autochthonous and allochthonous sediment supplies to open aquatic ecosystems. Further, rising lake eutrophication levels despite a managed reduction in allochthonous sediment supplies seem challenging to control due to dissolved nutrient supply from urban sewage discharge and runoff from agricultural land in the watershed.

关键词： Upper Lake Sediment Geochemistry Sediment provenance Eutrophication Anthropogenic inputs

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Effects of the type of forest alteration on gross nitrogen mineralization in soils of southern India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第4期32卷 1689-1697页

作者： Niharika Sharma Sanjeev Kumar geosciences division Physical Research LaboratoryAhmedabadGujarat 380009India

Change in land-use practices can result in major shifts in the cycling of various elements,particularly nitrogen(N),which is prone to anthropogenic perturbations.For quantifying these shifts,accurate measurements of rates of biogeochemical transformations of N are needed.We used the(^(15)N) isotope dilution technique to understand the effects of the types of forest alteration on(N) transformation rates by comparing gross N mineralization and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)) consumption rates in soils of a managed forest,an unmanaged forest,and a rubber plantation in Kerala,India.Overall,nitrate(NO_3~-) dominated soils of the managed and unmanaged forests,whereas soils in the rubber plantation showed relatively higher NH_(4)^(+) concentration.Total N(TN) and total organic carbon(TOC) concentrations were the highest under the rubber canopy(TN:1.49±0.02 mg N g^(-1);TOC:7.96±0.86 mg C g^(-1)).In soils of all three forest types,gross N mineralization rates were higher compared to NH_(4)^(+) consumption rates.Despite high TN and TOC concentrations,the rates of gross N mineralization and NH_(4)^(+) consumption were considerably lower in the rubber plantation(mineralization:1.08±0.08 mg N kg^(-1)d^(-1);consumption:0.85±0.09 mg N kg^(-1) d^(-)) compared to the managed(mineralization:3.71±0.35 mg N kg^(-1) d^(-1);consumption:2.20±1.41 mg N kg^(-1) d^(-1)) and unmanaged(mineralization:2.20±1.07 mg N kg^(-1) d^(-1);consumption:1.39±0.27 mg N kg^(-1) d^(-1)) forests.The lower NH_(4)^(+) consumption rates in the rubber plantation led to significantly higher(p<0.05) residence time of NH_(4)^(+)(~4 days) compared to the managed and unmanaged forests(<2 days),possibly contributing to acidification of rubber soils(pH~4.8).These results together suggest that replacement of naturally grown forests with a mono-cropped plantation such as rubber negatively impact rates of N transformation processes in tropical soils and imply that change in tree species composition of naturally grown forests can adversely affect soil microbial activity.We recommen

关键词： Nitrogen Mineralization Forest soils Rubber plantation Land-use change

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Influence of hysteretic stress path behavior on seal integrity during gas storage operation in a depleted reservoir

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第4期12卷 886-899页

作者： Pierre Jeanne Yingqi Zhang Jonny Rutqvist Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Energy Geosciences DivisionBerkeleyCA94720USA

In this study,we numerically investigate the influence of hysteretic stress path behavior on the seal integrity during underground gas storage operations in a depleted reservoir.Our study area is the Honor Rancho Underground Storage Facility in Los Angeles County(California,USA),which was converted into an underground gas storage facility in 1975 after 20 years of oil and gas production.In our simulations,the geomechanical behavior of the sand reservoir is modeled using two models:(1)a linear elastic model(non-hysteretic stress path)that does not take into consideration irreversible deformation,and(2)a plastic cap mechanical model which considers changes in rock elastic properties due to irreversible deformations caused by plastic reservoir compaction(hysteretic stress path).It shows that the irreversible compaction of the geological layer over geologic time and during the reservoir depletion can have important consequences on stress tensor orientation and magnitude.Ignoring depletion-induced irreversible compaction can lead to an over-estimation of the calculation of the maximum working reservoir pressure.Moreover,this irreversible compaction may bring the nearby faults closer to reactivation.However,regardless of the two models applied,the geomechanical analysis shows that for the estimated stress conditions applied in this study,the Honor Rancho Underground Storage Facility is being safely operated at pressures much below what would be required to compromise the seal integrity.

关键词： Gas storage Stress path Geomechanical simulation Caprock integrity Fault stability Modified cam-clay model Honor rancho underground storage facility

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Mesh generation and optimization from digital rock fractures based on neural style transfer

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第4期13卷 912-919页

作者： Mengsu Hu Jonny Rutqvist Carl I.Steefel Energy geosciences division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA

The complex geometric features of subsurface fractures at different scales makes mesh generation challenging and/or expensive.In this paper,we make use of neural style transfer(NST),a machine learning technique,to generate mesh from rock fracture images.In this new approach,we use digital rock fractures at multiple scales that represent’content’and define uniformly shaped and sized triangles to represent’style’.The 19-layer convolutional neural network(CNN)learns the content from the rock image,including lower-level features(such as edges and corners)and higher-level features(such as rock,fractures,or other mineral fillings),and learns the style from the triangular grids.By optimizing the cost function to achieve approximation to represent both the content and the style,numerical meshes can be generated and optimized.We utilize the NST to generate meshes for rough fractures with asperities formed in rock,a network of fractures embedded in rock,and a sand aggregate with multiple grains.Based on the examples,we show that this new NST technique can make mesh generation and optimization much more efficient by achieving a good balance between the density of the mesh and the presentation of the geometric features.Finally,we discuss future applications of this approach and perspectives of applying machine learning to bridge the gaps between numerical modeling and experiments.

关键词： Convolutional neural network(CNN) Neural style transfer(NST) Digital rock Discrete fractures Discontinuum asperities Grain aggregates Mesh generation and optimization

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A preliminary study on the lithospheric thermal structure and rheology of the Tibetan plateau

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Earthquake Science 2012年第5期25卷 399-408页

作者： Yang Wang division of Petrology School of Earth Sciences and ResourcesChina University of Geosciences

The lithosphere temperature beneath the Tibetan plateau was estimated by local isostasy equilib- rium constrained geothermal calculation. Maps of the lateral temperature variation at depths of 40 km, 70 km, and Moho are presented for the Tibetan plateau, and the thermal thickness of the lithosphere is also presented. The Tibetan plateau has a warm and thick lithospheres, but the thinner lithospheres are identified in the north- ern Tibet and the eastern margin of the plateau. The warm and soft lithospheres in the Tibetan plateau may represent a snapshot of the early stage of convective thinning of the convergent lithosphere. The ＂creme brulee＂ layering demonstrates the rheological behavior of the Tibetan plateau.

关键词： geotherm isostasy rheology lithosphere Tibetan plateau

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