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Basic analysis of rock mechanical and thermal properties in South Korea

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Rock Mechanics Bulletin

Rock Mechanics Bulletin 2023年第3期2卷 66-77页

作者： Byung-Gon Chae Eui-Seob Park Hyoung-Chan Kim Korea Institute of geoscience and Mineral Resources(KIGAM) Deep Subsurface Storage and Disposal Research Center34132DaejeonSouth Korea Korea Institute of geoscience and Mineral Resources(KIGAM) Groundwater Environment Research Center34132DaejeonSouth Korea

This study analyzed the mechanical and thermal properties of various rock types found in South *** results showed that both igneous and metamorphic rocks possess higher strength compared to sedimentary *** Young's modulus of rocks is dependent on the extent of weathering they have *** average cohesion of granites was found to be relatively higher compared to other rock types,and their friction angle also exhibited a relatively high value with a considerable *** results of uniaxial compression strength testing with respect to depth revealed that rock strength generally increased with depth,however,there was a large variance in strength distribution in each depth *** on these findings,it can be concluded that South Korea can also secure HLW disposal sites and facilities in terms of rock mechanics by using crystalline rocks,similar to countries such as Sweden and Finland where disposal facilities are being *** the thermal properties of rocks,they are influenced by the distribution of the parent *** thermal conductivity is highly concentrated in the southwest and central regions of South Korea,while the geothermal gradient is high in the northeast,west,and some parts of the southeast *** southeast region of Korea has a high geothermal heat flow,and some central northern regions also exhibit relatively high geothermal heat *** light of these distributional characteristics,it is crucial to continue conducting precise studies on the mechanical and thermal properties of rocks in the future disposal depths of spent nuclear fuel.

关键词： Rock mechanics Thermal properties HLW disposal Crystalline rocks

Evaluation of oil sands resources──A case study in the Athabasca Oil Sands,NE Alberta,Canada

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Petroleum Science 2013年第1期10卷 30-37页

作者： Yin Pengfei Liu Guangdi Liu Yingqi Liu Chenglin Liu Wenping College of geoscience China University of Petroleum Sinocanada Petroleum Corp.

Oil sands are the most important of the oil and gas resources in Canada. So the distribution and evaluation of oil sands form a critical basis for risk investment in Canada. Distribution of oil sands resources is severely controlled by the reservoir heterogeneity. Deterministic modeling is commonly used to solve the heterogeneity problems in the reservoir, but rarely used to evaluate hydrocarbon resources. In this paper, a lithofacies based deterministic method is employed to assess the oil sands resources for a part of a mining project in northern Alberta. The statistical analysis of Dean Stark water and oil saturation data and study of the core description data, regional geology and geophysical logs reveal that the lithofacies in the study area can be classified into reservoir facies, possible reservoir facies and non-reservoir facies. The indicator krigging method is used to build a 3D lithofacies model based on the classification of sedimentary facies and the ordinary krigging method is applied to petrophysical property modeling. The results show that the krigging estimation is one of the good choices in oil sand resources modeling in Alberta. Lithofacies-grade based modeling may have advantages over the grade-only based modeling.

关键词： Athabasca oil sands deterministic method krigging method 3D lithofacies model

Revisit the γ-Ray Flare Associated with Blazar Mrk 421

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第12期24卷 55-62页

作者： Xiang-Tao Zeng Ze-Yuan Tang Jun-Hui Fan center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University Greater Bay Brand center of the National Astronomical data center Astronomy Science and Technology Research Laboratory of Department of Education of Guangdong Province

A Very High-energy(VHE) flare was observed by Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov Telescopes on MJD 57788. This VHE flare was characterized by increased VHE flux and short timescales. In this study, we used one-zone synchrotron self-Compton, two-zone, and spine/layer models to explore this VHE flare's origin. The results indicate that this γ-ray flare can be explained by Inverse Compton Scattering radiation from the layer contributed gamma radiation and results in the γ-ray flare in a different way than the two-zone model. The difference between the two models lies in the performance of spectral energy distribution after γ-ray flare as well as a possible difference in the timescales of the flare.

关键词： (galaxies:) BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 421) galaxies: jets radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

Key strategies for predictive exploration in mature environment: model innovation, exploration technology optimization and information integration

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Journal of Central South University of Technology 2005年第2期12卷 186-191页

作者：刘亮明彭省临 School of geoscience and Environmental Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China

Prediction has become more and more difficult in mineral exploration, especially in the mature exploration environment such as Tongling copper district. For enhancing predictive discovery of hidden ore deposits in such mature environment, the key strategies which should be adopted include the innovation of the exploration models, application of the advanced exploration techniques and integration of multiple sets of information. The innovation of the exploration models should incorporate the new metallogenic concepts that are based on the geodynamic anatomization. The advanced techniques applied in the mature exploration environment should aim at the speciality and complexity of the geological setting and working environments. The information synthesis is to integrate multiple sets of data for giving a more credible and visual prospectivity map by using the geographic imformation system(GIS) and several mathematical methods, such as weight of evidence and fuzzy logic, which can extract useful information from every set of data as much as possible. Guided by these strategies, a predictive exploration in Fenghuangshan ore field of Tongling copper district was implemented, and a hidden ore deposit was discovered.

关键词： exploration strategy predictive exploration exploration model exploration technique information (integration ) Tongling

Basic mathematical model for the normal black smoker system and the hydrothermal megaplume formation

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第6期26卷 30-40页

作者： LIU Longlong ZHAI Shikui College of Marine geoscience Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China

A tube model to simulate the normal black smoker system has been built, where the Darcy flow equation, the Ergun equation and the turbulent pipe flow equation are used respectively to describe the dynamic process of different key areas in the hydrothermal circulation system. At the same time, a convection - diffuse Equation for the temperature field is used for describe the exchange of thermal energy and the law of temperature variation. Combining the above facts and using efficient mathematical algorithms and programming with the MatLab programming language, the variation curves of temperature, pressure and mass flow rate are determined, while also the dynamic heat equilibrium and pressure equilibrium within the black smoker system are analyzed. On the basis of the model of the normal black smoker system, a megaplume formation model is further built. For instance, the hydrothermal venting plume on the Juan de Fuca Ridge has been simulated and the simulation results are fairly consistent with Baker＇ s imputed data in 1986. On the basis of the above productive simulation, a series of factors for megaplume formation and the effectiveness of the main parameters of the periodicity of the megaplume formation, temperature and the maximum mass flow rate are systematically discussed. Main conclusions are as follows： The normal black smoker system can evolve into a megaplum eruption. In fact, the passageway of the hydrothermal discharge is blocked by the hydrothermal sediments during the black smoker period, which leads to a hydrothermal fluid accumulation, rise of temperature and increase of buoyancy pressure under the seabed. After a period of 2 - 3 a, the megaplume hydrothermal eruption will occur when the increasing buoyancy pressure is high enough to crack the blockage （cap）. Meanwhile, the temperature of the heat source must exceed 500 ℃, while the highest temperature of the eruption fluid may be high up to 413 ℃, which is fairly consistent with the surveying data. If

关键词： normal black smoker megaplume mathematical model simulation for hydrothermal circulation system

Method for wheat ear counting based on frequency domain decomposition of MSVF-ISCT

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第2期10卷 240-255页

作者： Wenxia Bao Ze Lin Gensheng Hu Dong Liang Linsheng Huang Xin Zhang National Engineering Research center for Agro-ecological Big data Analysis and Application Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Wheat ear counting is a prerequisite for the evaluation of wheat yield.A wheat ear counting method based on frequency domain decomposition is proposed in this study to improve the accuracy of wheat yield *** frequency domain decomposition of wheat ear image is completed by multiscale support value filter(MSVF)combined with improved sampled contourlet transform(ISCT).Support Vector Machine(SVM)is the classic classification and regression algorithm of machine *** based on this has strong frequency domain filtering and generalization ability,which can effectively remove the complex background,while the multi-direction characteristics of ISCT enable it to represent the contour and texture information of wheat *** order to improve the level of wheat yield prediction,MSVF-ISCT method is used to decompose the ear image in multiscale and multi direction in frequency domain,reduce the interference of irrelevant information,and generate the sub-band image with more abundant information components of ear feature ***,the ear feature is extracted by morphological operation and maximum entropy threshold segmentation,and the skeleton thinning and corner detection algorithms are used to count the *** number of wheat ears in the image can be accurately *** show that compared with the traditional algorithms based on spatial domain,this method significantly improves the accuracy of wheat ear counting,which can provide guidance and application for the field of agricultural precision yield estimation.

关键词： Wheat ear counting Frequency domain decomposition Multiscale support value filter Improved sampled contourlet transform Image segmentation Morphological processing

Highly Concentrated,Conductive,Defect-free Graphene Ink for Screen-Printed Sensor Application

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第6期13卷 17-30页

作者： Dong Seok Kim Jae-Min Jeong Hong Jun Park Yeong Kyun Kim Kyoung G.Lee Bong Gill Choi Department of Chemical Engineering Kangwon National UniversitySamcheokGangwon-do 25913Republic of Korea Resources Utilization Research center Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral ResourcesDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea center for Nano Bio Development National Nanofab CenterDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea

Conductive inks based on graphene materials have received significant attention for the fabrication of a wide range of printed and flexible ***,the application of graphene fillers is limited by their restricted mass production and the low concentration of their *** this study,a highly concentrated and conductive ink based on defect-free graphene was developed by a scalable fluid dynamics process.A high shear exfoliation and mixing process enabled the production of graphene at a high concentration of 47.5 mg mL^(−1)for graphene *** screen-printed graphene conductor exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 1.49×10^(4)S m^(−1)and maintains high conductivity under mechanical bending,compressing,and fatigue *** on the as-prepared graphene ink,a printed electrochemical sodium ion(Na^(+))sensor that shows high potentiometric sensing performance was ***,by integrating a wireless electronic module,a prototype Na^(+)-sensing watch is demonstrated for the real-time monitoring of the sodium ion concentration in human sweat during the indoor exercise of a *** scalable and efficient procedure for the preparation of graphene ink presented in this work is very promising for the low-cost,reproducible,and large-scale printing of flexible and wearable electronic devices.

关键词： Graphene ink Fluid dynamics Screen printing Ion sensor Real-time monitoring

The Mineralisation Process as Deduced from Sr Isotopic data from Lonplats' Eastern Platinum Mine,Western Bushveld Complex and Large-Scale Geometry of the Floor to the Merensky Reef

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 164-165页

作者： Refilwe Shelembe R.Grant Cawthorn Council for geoscience University of the Witwatersrand

At Eastern Platinum Mine in the western Bushveld Complex,the entire Merensky Pyroxenite Unit reaches up to 11 m in thickness,in contrast to many sections where it is only 1-3 m *** greatly expanded section allows for a more detailed investigation of processes that are normally telescoped to the point of being *** minor platinum-group element(PGE)

关键词： PGE mineralisation pressure increase funnel-shaped magma chamber

Relationships of along-the-track local variations of GPS RO impact parameter to strong local vertical gradient of wet refractivity in the tropics

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第11期64卷 2015-2026页

作者： Shengpeng YANG Xiaolei ZOU Joint center of data Assimilation for Research and Application Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Atmospheric refractivity fields are more strongly affected by more water vapor in the tropical lower troposphere than *** this study,based on model simulations,we first collocated the radio occultation(RO)data in 2009 from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate(COSMIC)with CloudSat cloud profiling radar *** then investigate where and why a RO ray path intersects with other simulated rays of impact heights above and/or below the impact height of the *** the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ERA5 reanalysis as input to a raytracing observation operator,we show that the simulated impact parameters could vary along the ray in the tropical lower *** brevity,an intersection of a GPS RO ray path with rays above it or below it or both will be called an impact *** overlapping simulated ray trajectories over the vertical and horizontal gradients of refractivity in 2D occultation planes,impact multipath occurrences are vividly *** results show that the impact multipath is caused mostly by strong local vertical gradients of atmospheric wet refractivity mostly within 300 km horizontal distances from their perigee *** impact multipath occurs more frequently below 5-km impact height,with a maximum occurrence around the 3.4 km impact height(about 1.8 km geometric height).It is shown that both the simulated impact multipath phenomena and locally strong vertical gradients of wet refractivity are found in both cloudy and clear-sky conditions,and most frequently in presences of stratocumulus clouds.

关键词： GPS RO Multipath Troposphere