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Location of Disaster Management Bases Using Spatial Analysis

Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第1期33卷 1-29页

作者： Hadi Nayyeri Sahar Zandi Mahmood Souri department of geomorphology Faculty of Natural ResourceUniversity of KurdistanSanandajKurdistanIran department of Geography Sciences Kharazmi UniversityTehranIran Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic Employee of Iran HamedanIran

Pre-crisis management involves the optimal selection of relief and rescue centers to minimize *** is particularly vulnerable due to its location on the Alpine-Himalaya seismic belt,resulting in an average death rate six times higher than the global average during ***,selecting appropriate relief and rescue centers is crucial to Iran’s disaster *** selecting the placement of rescue centers,accessibility and the appropriateness of the land should be taken into account as well as the distance from high-risk *** location of these centers does not require any particular *** address this issue,a study was conducted utilizing GIS,artificial neural networks,fuzzy logic,and mathematical models to determine the optimal placement based on 12 indicators within two clusters:natural and *** examine the information layers of the initial stage,a spatial data repository concerning the variables impacting the placement of these centers was established using *** functions and algorithms such as Fuzzy Logic in IDRISI,TOPSIS,and VIKOR software,the layers were assessed for weightage before being *** study’s analysis of the models used revealed that the positioning priority limits of the areas differed across all four ***,the areas with high desirability varied to a greater extent:the fuzzy model varied by 9.3%,neural network by 12.4%,VIKOR by 4.5%,and TOPSIS by 16.2%.The variance in results can be attributed to the differing levels of risk acceptance and non-acceptance in each ***,the study yielded other significant findings such as the correlation between study area size and model ***,smaller study areas exhibited higher model *** research also demonstrated that both fuzzy and VIKOR models achieved greater *** a result,employing these models in crisis management planning,particularly in pre-crisis management for identifying rescue center lo

关键词： Crisis management GIS earthquake risk site selection

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Vulnerability to Earthquake Hazard:Bucharest Case Study,Romania

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 182-195页

作者： Iuliana Armas Dragos Toma-Danila Radu Ionescu Alexandru Gavris department of geomorphology-pedology-geomatics Faculty of GeographyUniversity of Bucharest National Institute for Earth Physics department of Tourism and Geography Bucharest University of Economic Studies

Recent seismic events show that urban areas are increasingly vulnerable to seismic damage,which leads to unprecedented levels of *** are complex systems and as such their analysis requires a good understanding of the interactions between space and the socioeconomic variables characteristic of the inhabitants of urban *** is a clear need to develop and test detailed models that describe the behavior of these interactions under seismic *** article develops an overall vulnerability index to seismic hazard based on a spatial approach applied to Bucharest,Romania,the most earthquake-prone capital in the European *** methodology relies on:(1) spatial post-processed socioeconomic data from the2011 Romanian census through multicriteria analysis;and(2) analytical methods(the Improved Displacement Coefficient Method and custom-defined vulnerability functions)for estimating damage patterns,incorporated in a GIS *** computed vulnerability indices for the128 census tracts of the *** sensitivity assessment tested the robustness of spatially identified patterns of building vulnerability in the face of uncertainty in model *** results show that useful seismic vulnerability indices can be obtained through interdisciplinaryapproaches that enhance less detailed datasets,which leads lead to better targeted mitigation efforts.

关键词： Bucharest Romania Seismic loss estimation Seismic risk Spatial multicriteria analysis Vulnerability index

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Geographic information system (GIS) application for windthrow mapping and management in Iezer Mountains, Southern Carpathians

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第2期23卷 175-184页

作者： Savulescu Ionut Mihai Bogdan department of geomorphology-pedology and geomatics Faculty of GeographyUniversity of Bucharest1Nicolae Balcescu Blvd.010041 BucharestSector 1Romania

Windthrow problem is a difficult task for the forest managers in the Romanian Carpathians and especially in Iezer Mountains. The last windthrow, in July 2005, affected about 370 ha within the study area and left unprotected large slopes with important declivities （20-30°）. In our study, we try to propose a tool for forest management, in order to control and minimize the negative effect of wind upon the mountain forest ecosystem. The digital data input derived from forestry data （forest stand typology, age, canopy coverage index, forest productivity class） and from the forest biotope features （soil and topography parameters）. The main goal was to find a more objective way for digital layer reclassification in order to obtain the windthrow areas susceptibility map for the Iezer Mountains. Each digital layer has its own weight within the analysis and one of them was difficult to be modeled （the wind features）. A statistical approach was developed on the basis of local phenomena and the wind- throw features in the Romanian Carpathians. This allowed us to obtain the reclassification conditions for each digital layer. Forest canopy typology and soil features （mainly its volume） were considered as the key factors for the windthrow occurrence analysis. The final windthrow susceptibility map was validated with the help of the statistic occurrence of windthrow areas within each susceptibility class and after a field check of the sites. The result was encouraging, because 92.5% of the windthrow areas fall into the highest windthrow susceptibility class.

关键词： windthrow GIS forest map susceptibility

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Geomorphic signatures and active tectonics in western Saurashtra,Gujarat,India

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第1期15卷 82-99页

作者： Bikramaditya Mondal Mery Biswas Soumyajit Mukherjee Mohamedharoon A.Shaikh department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai 400076MaharashtraIndia department of Geography Presidency UniversityKolkata 700073West BengalIndia

Active tectonics in an area includes ongoing or recent geologic *** paper investigates the tectonic influence on the subsidence,uplift and tilt of western Saurashtra through morphotectonic analysis of ten watersheds along with characteristics of relief and drainage *** 7-9 to the north(N)are tectonically active,which can be linked with the North Kathiawar Fault System(NKFS)and followed by watersheds 6,10,1,4 and ***-length gradient index and sinuosity index indicate the effect of tectonic events along the master streams in watersheds *** R^(2)values of the linear curve fit for watershed 7 indicate its master stream is much more tectonically active than the *** R^(2)curve fitting model and earthquake magnitude/depth analysis confirm the region to be *** reactivation of the NKFS most likely led to the vertical movement of western Saurashtra.

关键词： Active tectonics geomorphology Western Saurashtra Archeology North kathiawar fault system

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Circum-Indian Holocene sea-level database:A repository of distinct relative sea-level plots across the Indian Peninsula

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 1-17页

作者： Shradha Menon Pankaj Khanna Santanu Banerjee REEFS Lab Department of Earth SciencesIIT GandhinagarPalajGandhinagarGujarat382355India department of Earth Sciences IIT BombayPowaiMumbai400076India

The Indian Peninsula is one of the most well-studied regions for Holocene sea-level fluctuations in the world, however, standardized relative sea-level datasets are missing. This study provides an archive of sealevel indicators(n = 162, 20 locations) along the western and the eastern sides of the peninsula, that have been used to develop Relative Sea Level(RSL) plots. Each dated sea-level indicator is recalibrated for its elevation based on tidal and tectonic correction, as well as age with reservoir correction, and have been separated into six zones based on coastal geomorphology and number of datasets. The database spans throughout the Holocene and covers sea-level depth/elevations from-45 m to +5 m from mean sea-level(MSL). Approximately 90 % of the dataset range from 8 ka to the present day. The first transgression is highly variable and identified between 8.5-8 ka BP in Gujarat(Zone 1), ~ 5.5 ka BP in Maharashtra(Zone 2), between 8 and 7 ka BP in Tamil Nadu(Zone 4) and between 8 and 7.5 ka BP in the Bengal coasts(Zone 6). No transgression above present sea-level is observed along Andhra Pradesh(Zone 5)(no data for Kerala-Zone 3).Further, Zones 1, 2, 4 and 6 show a strong uplift component(tectonic), whereas Zone 5 exhibits subsidence during the Holocene(Zone 3-insufficient data). Based on these findings, and given the region's coastal topography and tidal components, Zones 6 and 1 will likely undergo the largest coastal inundation, followed by Zones 5, 4, 2, and 3. These insights are critical in planning future coastal inundation measures across the Indian Peninsula.

关键词： Indian ocean Terraces Relative sea level curve Holocene Arabian sea Bay of Bengal

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Effect of tectonic-climatic controllers on the transition of Endorheic to Exorheic Basins in the Zagros mountain range

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第12期20卷 3500-3524页

作者： Gholam HASSAN JAFARI Peyman MOHAMMADI-AHMADMAHMOUDI Mohsen EHTESHAMI-MOINABADI department of geomorphology University of ZanjanZanjan ***Iran department of Physical Geography Faculty of Earth SciencesShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran department of Sedimentary Basins and Petroleum Faculty of Earth SciencesShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

Endorheic basins(ENBs) are inland drainage basins allowing no outflow to *** basins in the active mountain chains of the convergence zones are under the influence of compressional tectonic activity and climate *** Zagros Mountains of Iran is one of the youngest convergence zones in which continental-continental collision has *** this paper we hypothesize the formation of ENBs among the Zagros range after the epeirogenic stage in the Late Paleogene-Early *** to tectonic activity and Quaternary climatic conditions,the ENBs pass the transition stage to exorheic,and still,some tectonic depressions are not linked to the evolutionary process of exorheic drainage of *** geometry of the drainage network of Kul and Mond basins in Fars arch shows that 67% of their water gaps are located along the thrusts and transverse basement faults in the east and west of the Fars ***,the Kul and Mond basins form triangles with their sides matching with the edges of the Arabian Plate where the major inherited faults of Arabian plate controls the shape of the Zagros basin and a low strain zone along the Razak fault with lower salt tectonic activity,where the wind gaps are *** ENBs are located in the rainshadow slopes,but the Kul and Mond basins are located in the upwind slopes of rain *** factor and the heavy rains of the basin lead to increase of the erosion potential,destruction of depressions,and floods and consequently,the funnel-shaped gaps have a significant impact on the flood flow.

关键词： Transition of landforms Controllers of lakes Basement faults Sedimentary basins Zagros

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The Glacial(MIS 3-2)Outlet Glacier of the Marsyandi Nadi-icestream-network with its Ngadi Khola Tributary Glacier(Manaslu-and Lamjung Himalaya):The Reconstructed Lowering of the Marsyandi Nadi Ice Stream Tongue down in to the Southern Himalaya Foreland

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第1期11卷 236-287页

作者： Matthias KUHLE department of Geography and High Mountain geomorphology University of Gottingen

For the reconstruction of past climate variations,investigations on the history of glaciers are *** the Himalaya,investigations like these have a rather short tradition in comparison with other mountains on *** the same time,this area on the southern margin of Tibet is of special interest because of the question as to the monsoon-influence that is connected with the ***,the climate of High Asia is of global *** for the further and regionally intensifying answer to this question,a glacial glacier reconstruction is submitted from the CentralHimalaya,more exactly from the *** on down-valley from the glacial-historical investigations of 1977 in the upper Marsyandi Khola(Nadi) and the partly already published results of field campaigns in the middle Marsyandi Khola and the Damodar- and Manaslu Himal in the years 1995,2000,2004 and 2007,new geomorphological and geological field- and laboratory data are introduced here from the Ngadi(Nadi) Khola and the lower Marsyandi Nadi from the inflow of the Ngadi(Nadi) Khola down to the southern mountain *** has existed a connected ice-stream-network drained down to the south by a 2,100-2,200 m thick and 120 km long Marsyandi Nadi main valley *** a height of the valley bottom of c.1,000 m *** Ngadi Khola glacier joined the still c.1,300 m thick Marsyandi parent glacier from the Himalchuli-massif(Nadi(Ngadi) Chuli) – the south spur of the Manaslu *** here the united glacier tongue flowed down about a further 44 km to the south up to c.400 m a.s.l.(27°57'38 "N/84°24'56" E) into the Himalaya fore-chains and thus reached one of or the lowest past ice margin position of the *** glacial(LGP(Last glacial period),LGM(Last glacial maximum) Würm,Stage 0,MIS 3-2) climatic snowline(ELA = equilibrium line altitude) has run at 3,900 to 4,000 m *** thus c.1,500 altitude meters below the current ELA(Stage XII) at 5,400-5,500 m *** r

关键词： Ice Age Glaciation Himalaya Manaslu Ngadi Khola Icestream network Last Glacial period

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Assessment of Land Use and Land Cover Changes (LULC) in the North Talihya River Watershed (Lubero Territory, Eastern DR Congo)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第1期11卷 189-210页

作者： Moïse Musubao Kapiri Jonathan Ahadi Mahamba Gloire Kayitoghera Mulondi Walere Muhindo Sahani Laboratory of Ecology Geomorphology and Geomatics (LEGG) Butembo Democratic Republic of the Congo department of Water and Forests Faculty of Agronomic Sciences Université Catholique du Graben (UCG) Butembo Democratic Republic of the Congo

On the Equator, the Talihya North watershed is a vast area of nearly 581.7 km2 that extends from the Cool Highlands on the Congo-Nile Crest in Lubero Territory to the Rift Valley in the Virunga National Park in Beni Territory. This vast territory has an agropastoral vocation. Indeed, agricultural activities combined with the high population density in this watershed generate modifications in the landscape structure. The objective of this paper is to study the dynamics of land use from 1987 to 2020. To achieve this, two Landsat TM+ and ETM+ images and one Sentinel-2 image were analyzed. After the classification of the images based on the Maximum Likelihood algorithm, this study shows that two processes are evident in the landscape of the North Talihya watershed: deforestation and savannization. Forests that occupied 253.11 km2 in 1987 have decreased to 201.12 km2 in 2001 and to 123.04 km2 in 2020. These area balances indicate that the natural forest formations in the North Talihya watershed have been converted primarily to croplands and fallows. The estimated annual deforestation rate between 1987 and 2020 is 2.18%. With this high rate of deforestation, mechanisms to restore degraded forest ecosystems in this watershed will need to be put in place. The sustainable management of residual forest ecosystems that have escaped human pressure is necessary for the conservation of biodiversity for future generations.

关键词： Landscape Deforestation Savannization Cool Highlands Congo-Nile Crest

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Annual and seasonal changes of the air temperature with altitude in the Upper Dades valley, High Atlas, Morocco

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第1期19卷 85-102页

作者： ŻMUDZKA Elwira DŁUŻEWSKI Maciej DĄBSKI Maciej LEZIAK Kamil ROJAN Elżbieta department of Climatology Faculty of Geography and Regional StudiesUniversity of WarsawKrakowskie Przedmieście 3000-927 WarsawPoland department of geomorphology Faculty of Geography and Regional StudiesUniversity of WarsawKrakowskie Przedmieście 3000-927 WarsawPoland

The purpose of this study is to determine the size of air temperature changes with altitude in the mountains of the arid zone, on the example of the Upper Dades valley(High Atlas, Morocco). The air temperature change with altitude was determined on the basis of 5 years data from three meteorological stations. The analysis was carried out on an annual and seasonal basis. The annual and daily variations of thermal gradients between pairs of stations were also determined. It was found that the average thermal gradient in the Upper Dades valley was-1.02℃ per 100 m. The highest values of the thermal gradient occur in winter and the lowest in summer. In winter,the thermal gradient was characterized by the greatest variability. Minima of the daily variation of air temperature gradients were observed in early morning hours and maxima around midday. In the lower part of the valley, air temperature inversion frequently developed between 10 AM and 3 PM *** obtained results show high thermal gradients in the mountains of the arid zone, with their annual amplitude increasing in the lower parts of the *** instantaneous values of the gradients were significantly modified by the supply of latent heat and the occurrence of dust storms. It has been shown that the advection factor plays an important role in shaping large gradient values. The study contains novel results of thermal gradient measurements in high mountains of arid zone.

关键词： Air temperature gradient Thermal inversion Annual and seasonal variability Synoptic situation High mountains of arid zone High Atlas Mountains

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Review on Dating Methods:Numerical Dating in the Quaternary Geology of High Asia

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第2期7卷 105-122页

作者： Matthias Kuhle Sabine Kuhle Georg-August-University of Goettingen Department of Geography and High Mountain Geomorphology

Over the past few years,OSL and TCN datings of glacial material from High Asia have come into *** this day,however,these techniques do not permit safe *** intensity of the cosmic ray flux is being modulated by the solar and terrestrial magnetic fields and their secular fluctuations in the *** far,these variations cannot be converted into the respective local TCN production rates for High *** have reason to believe that the ages that are being calculated despite these uncertainties are generally *** assessment is supported by conventional radiocarbon dates and above all by the glacial chronology developed independently on the basis of the Quaternary geological *** strongly emerging evidence for a much more extensive LGM glaciation of High Asia is,however,either being ignored or rejected by many authors,solely on the basis of the above-mentioned uncalibrated *** self-conceit based on the "dating fallacy",as we call it,should be avoided since it goes decidedly against the standards of the scientific method established in Quaternary geology and makes a fundamental scientific discussion impossible.

关键词：第四纪地质定年方法天花粉蛋白数值综述冰川作用末次盛冰期高亚洲

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