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Prospects of sediment deposition at small watershed scale in the black soil region of Northeast China: A mini review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 30-35页

作者： Guanghui ZHANG Yang YANG Yingna LIU Zhiqiang WANG State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Geography Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Sediment deposition is one of the most significant processes in small watersheds characterized by gentle long hillslopes in the black soil(Mollisol)region of Northeast China, as indicated by severe ephemeral gully and gully erosion on hillslopes and very low sediment concentrations in river *** reviews have been conducted to summarize the related research in this region. The objectives of this review were to identify the potential factors influencing sediment deposition, review related studies, and propose future research needs in the black soil region of Northeast China. Sediment deposition is controlled by the deficit between sediment transport capacity of flow and sediment load. Hence, all factors affecting flow transport capacity and sediment load directly affect sediment deposition. For a specific small watershed, the change in slope gradient along the flow path is the key factor affecting sediment deposition. Shelterbelts, ridge tillage systems, terraces, grass strips, road distribution, ponds and reservoirs, and land-use patterns also influence the spatial distribution and rate of deposition. The trace method has been widely used to quantify sediment deposition in this region. The results of cesium-137(^(137)Cs),lead-210(^(210)Pb), and magnetic susceptibility reveal that serious deposition occurs on the back and foot slopes. Distinct deposition occurs in front of contour shelterbelts. Future studies should focus on the methodology, spatial and temporal variations, dominant influencing factors and their mechanisms, and the potential effects on land productivity within specific small watersheds and across the black soil region. This review provides insights into the sediment deposition process in small watersheds characterized by gentle, long hillslopes.

关键词： Mollisol sedimentation soil and water conservation soil erosion soil redistribution

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Effects of Ta content on microstructure and oxidation behavior of AlCoCrFeNiYTa_(x)high entropy alloy

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4462-4475页

作者： Cang Gu Jun-Hao Hu Jian-Bo Song Cheng Xu Ming-Yu Hu Yu-Xuan Zhang Jiang Tian Chao Li Jing Feng faculty of Materials science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China depart.ent of Physics Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China

The oxidation behavior of the Al CoCrFeNiYTa_(x)high entropy alloy(HEA)doped with different Ta contents at 1100℃is *** this study,different reasons for the spallation of the oxide scales of HEAs without/with excessive Ta addition after 1000 h of oxidation are discussed,and the most suitable Ta doping content for this HEA is explored,in which the HEA exhibits both an exceptionally low oxidation rate,and the formation of oxide scales composed of intact a-Al_(2)O_(3).Meanwhile,it is found that the addition of Ta can effectively inhibit the phase transition ofβphase,which makes the surface of the oxide scale *** combining our experimental results with Wagner–Hauffe theory,the influence of Ta drag effect on oxide scale growth is explained,which provides some theoretical guidance for the subsequent design of AlCoCrFeNi HEAs,and can lead to the development of thermal barrier coatings at higher service temperature.

关键词： High-entropy alloy Al_(2)O_(3)scales Oxidation Elements diffusion

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DPY19L3 promotes vasculogenicmimicry by its C-mannosyltransferase activity

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Oncology Research 2024年第4期32卷 607-614页

作者： HASSAN BAYDOUN YUJI KATO HIROKI KAMO ANNA HÜSCH HAYATO MIZUTA RYOTA KAWAHARA SIRO SIMIZU depart.ent of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and TechnologyKeio UniversityYokohama223-8522Japan depart.ent of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TübingenTübingen72074Germany

C-mannosylation is a post-translational modification that occurs intracellularly in the endoplasmic *** humans,biosynthesis of C-mannosylation in proteins containing thrombospondin type 1 repeat is catalyzed by the DPY19 family;nonetheless,biological functions of protein C-mannosylation are not yet fully understood,especially in tumor *** mimicry(VM)is the formation of fluid-conducting channels by highly invasive and genetically deregulated tumor cells,enabling the tumors to form matrix-embedded vasculogenic structures,containing plasma and blood cells to meet the metabolic demands of rapidly growing *** this study,we focused on DPY19L3,a C-mannosyltransferase,and aimed to unravel its role in *** of DPY19L3 inhibited the formation of VM in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma ***-expression of wild-type DPY19L3 recovered VM formation;however,DPY19L3 isoform2,an enzymatic activity-defect mutant,did not restore it,suggesting that the C-mannosyltransferase activity of DPY19L3 is crucial to its ***,the knockdown of DPY19L3 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells hindered its network formation ***,our findings suggest that DPY19L3 is required for VM formation and stipulate the relevance of C-mannosylation in oncogenesis.

关键词： C-mannosylation Vasculogenic mimicry DPY19L3

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Surface activation of viscose textiles via air,argon,and oxygen dielectric barrier discharge plasma:influence of peak voltage

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第7期26卷 134-147页

作者： Shrouk ELASHRY Usama M.RASHED Mostafa A.WAHBA Hend M.AHMED Nabil M.ELSIRAGY Plasma Laboratory Physics DepartmentFaculty of scienceTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt Physics depart.ent Faculty of Science(Male)Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11651Egypt Textile Research Industrial Division National Research CentreDokkiGiza 12622Egypt

This paper discusses the use of atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)plasma treatment to enhance the surface qualities of viscose *** study explores the effects of different plasma gases,discharge voltages,and exposure times on the treated *** findings emphasize the importance of optimizing the plasma's peak voltage to achieve the desired surface treatment *** document also presents data on colour strength,wettability,colour fastness,and tensile strength of the treated fabrics,as well as scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis of surface morphology and chemical analysis using fouriertransition infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and energy dispersive X-ray(EDX).The results show that treatment at a peak voltage of 11.83 k V is more efficient,except for the tensile strength which is enhanced at a peak voltage of 8.92 k *** oxygen plasma treatment significantly improves the colour strength,which exhibits an increase from 11 to *** intensified colour was attributed to the significant influence of electrostatic interactions between the charged hydroxyl groups of the oxygen plasma treated viscose textiles and the dye molecules,which enhance the *** oxygen DBD plasma exhibits a higher ability to enhance the properties of textiles when compared to air and argon *** study presents a sustainable,economical,secure,and ecologically friendly approach to explore new fabrics for specific uses.

关键词： Lissajous diagrams printability wettability tensile strength SEM EDX FTIR

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Image classification of lotus in Nong Han Chaloem Phrakiat Lotus Park using convolutional neural networks

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 23-33页

作者： Thanawat Phattaraworamet Sawinee Sangsuriyun Phoempol Kutchomsri Susama Chokphoemphun depart.ent of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringKasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakonnakhon Province Campus SakonnakhonThailand depart.ent of Computer and Information science Faculty of Science and EngineeringKasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakonnakhon Province Campus SakonnakhonThailand

The Nong Han Chaloem Phrakiat Lotus Park is a tourist attraction and a source of learning regarding lotus ***,as a training area,it lacks appeal and learning motivation due to its conventional presentation of information regarding lotus *** current study introduced the concept of smart learning in this setting to increase interest and motivation for *** neural networks(CNNs)were used for the classification of lotus plant species,for use in the development of a mobile application to display details about each *** scope of the study was to classify 11 species of lotus plants using the proposed CNN model based on different techniques(augmentation,dropout,and L2)and hyper parameters(dropout and epoch number).The expected outcome was to obtain a high-performance CNN model with reduced total parameters compared to using three different pre-trained CNN models(Inception V3,VGG16,and VGG19)as *** performance of the model was presented in terms of accuracy,F1-score,precision,and recall *** results showed that the CNN model with the augmentation,dropout,and L2 techniques at a dropout value of 0.4 and an epoch number of 30 provided the highest testing accuracy of *** best proposed model was more accurate than the pre-trained CNN models,especially compared to Inception *** addition,the number of total parameters was reduced by approximately 1.80–2.19 *** findings demonstrated that the proposed model with a small number of total parameters had a satisfactory degree of classification accuracy.

关键词： Lotus Park Classification Smart learning park Convolutional neural network

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An assessment of the CMIP6 performance in simulating Arctic sea ice volume flux via Fram Strait

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 584-595页

作者： Hui-Yan KUANG Shao-Zhe SUN Yu-Fang YE Shao-Yin WANG Hai-Bo BI Zhuo-Qi CHEN Xiao CHENG School of Geospatial Engineering and science Sun Yat-sen UniversitySouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Observation of Polar Environment(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Qingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237China

Numerical models serve as an essential tool to investigate the causes and effects of Arctic sea ice *** the simulation capabilities of the most recent CMIP6 models in sea ice volume flux provides references for model applications and ***,reliable long-term simulation results of the ice volume fux contribute to a deeper understanding of the sea ice response to global climate *** this study,the sea ice volume flux through six Arctic gateways over the past four decades(1979-2014)were estimated in combination of satellite observations of sea ice concentration(SIC)and sea ice motion(SIM)as well as the Pan-Arctic Ice-Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System(PIOMAS)reanalysis sea ice thickness(SIT)*** simulation capability of 17 CMIP6 historical models for the volume flux through Fram Strait were quantitatively *** ice volume flux simulated from the ensemble mean of 17 CMIP6 models demonstrates better performance than that from the individual model,yet IPSL-CM6A-LR and EC-Earth3-Veg-LR outperform the ensemble mean in the annual volume flux,with Taylor scores of 0.86 and 0.50,***6 models display relatively robust capability in simulating the seasonal variations of volume *** them,CESM2-WACCM performs the best,with a correlation coefficient of 0.96 and a Taylor score of ***,NESM3 demonstrates the largest devi-ation from the observation/reanalysis data,with the lowest Taylor score of *** variability of sea ice volume flux is primarily influenced by SIM and SIT,followed by *** extreme large sea ice export through Fram Strait is linked to the occurrence of anomalously low air temperatures,which in turn promote increased SIC and SIT in the corresponding ***,the intensified activity of Arctic cyclones and Arctic dipole anomaly could boost the southward sea ice velocity through Fram Strait,which further enhance the sea ice outflow.

关键词： Sea ice volume flux CMIP6 models Fram Strait Attribution analysis

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Study for obtaining the exact solutions for the propagation of pulses in optical fibers

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第10期76卷 14-25页

作者： Arzu Akbulut Waseem Razzaq Filiz Tascan depart.ent of Mathematics Faculty of Arts and Science Bursa Uluda? University Math Center House no 87 Rahmanyia Colony depart.ent of Mathematics and Computer sciences Faculty of Arts and Science Eskisehir Osmangazi University

In this study, the exact solutions for the propagation of pulses in optical fibers are *** values are given in the model used, and two nonlinear differential equations are *** equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations with the help of wave transformations. Then, the obtained differential equations are solved by two different methods,namely the modified simplest equation and the modified Kudryashov procedures. The solutions are given by hyperbolic, trigonometric and rational functions and the results are useful for optics,engineering and other related areas. Finally three-dimensional, contour and two-dimensional shapes are given for some solutions. These figures are important for understanding the motion of the wave. The given methods are applied to the equations for the first time. To the best of the authors' knowledge, these results are new and have not been obtained in the literature. The results are useful for applied mathematics, physics and other related areas.

关键词： exact solutions the modified simplest equation procedure traveling wave transformation

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Effect of temperature and time on the precipitation ofκ-carbides in Fe-28Mn-10Al-0.8C low-density steels:Aging mechanism and its impact on material properties

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第10期31卷 2189-2198页

作者： Yulin Gao Min Zhang Rui Wang Xinxin Zhang Zhunli Tan Xiaoyu Chong School of Mechanical Electronic and Control EngineeringMaterials Science and Engineering Research CenterBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China faculty of Materials science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China

In low-density steel,κ-carbides primarily precipitate in the form of nanoscale particles within austenite ***,their precipitation within ferrite matrix grains has not been comprehensively explored,and the second-phase evolution mechanism during aging remains *** this study,the crystallographic characteristics and morphological evolution ofκ-carbides in Fe-28Mn-10Al-0.8C(wt%)low-density steel at different aging temperatures and times and the impacts of these changes on the steels’microhardness and properties were comprehensively *** different heat treatment conditions,intragranularκ-carbides exhibited various morpho-logical and crystallographic characteristics,such as acicular,spherical,and short rod-like *** the initial stage of aging,acicularκ-carbides primarily precipitated,accompanied by a few spherical carbides.κ-Carbides grew and coarsened with aging time,the spherical carbides were considerably reduced,and rod-like carbides *** hardness testing demonstrated that the material’s hardness was affected by the volume fraction,morphology,and size ofκ-*** aging at higher temperatures led to an increase in carbide size and volume fraction,resulting in a gradual rise in *** deformation,the primary mechanisms for strengthening were dislocation strengthening and second-phase *** on these findings,potential strategies for improving material strength are proposed.

关键词： low-density steel κ-carbide solution-aging treatment hardness

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Microbes in mass extinction: an accomplice or a savior?

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National science Review 2024年第1期11卷 12-15页

作者： Genming Luo Deng Liu Hao Yang State Key Laboratory of Geobiology and Environmental geology China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)

Microbes include various types of organisms that are invisible to the naked eye,e.g. bacteria, archaea and microeukaryotes. Although the precise number remains largely unknown, microbes are recognized as the unseen majority of our biosphere [1]. As a group of organisms classified by body size, microbes cover a considerable spectrum of metabolisms,

关键词： AFTERMATH

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Highly anti-corrosive NiFe LDHs–NiFe alloy hybrid enables long-term stable alkaline seawater electrolysis

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4321-4332页

作者： Jia-Hong Li Hao Chen Si-Hang You Gan-Xin Yang Peng Liu Meng-Qi Gao Shu-Guang Chen Fei-Fei Zhang School of Materials science and Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyHunan 410114China depart.ent of Materials science and Engineering Faculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore School of Materials science and Engineering Jilin UniversityJilin 130022China

Owing to the significant potential of alkalin seawater electrolysis for converting surplus power into eco friendly hydrogen fuel,we developed bifunctional elec trodes that integrate low-crystalline NiFe LDHs and amorphous NiFe alloy on a Ni foam(NF)substrate to enhance this *** by the battery-like charac teristics of NiFe LDHs,an anti-corrosive and active oute layer of NiFe^(vac)OOH continuously forms over time in th hybrid on the anode for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER),effectively mitigating powder shedding caused by corrosion induced by multiple anions in *** while,the strong bond between the hybrid and the NF substrate maintains intact hybrid coatings to ensure a rel atively high overall conductivity of the electrodes,signif icantly reducing the negative effects of structura degradation during the OER and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),as well as the accumulation of contami nants on the electrode *** long-term tests,thes bifunctionalhybridelectrodesmaintained stable performance,even at a high current density o500 mA·cm^(-2).The cell voltage increased by only 88 m V over 1000 h to 1.970 V during saline electrolysis and by103 mV over 500 h to 2.062 V during seawater electroly ***,this study provides valuable insights into efficient and stable seawater electrolysis using NiFe LDHs–NiFe alloy hybrids.

关键词： NiFe LDHs Bifunctional Corrosion Stability Seawater electrolysis

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