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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2023年第3期26卷 540-557页

作者： Ali Almagbile Khaled Hazaymeh Department of Geography Applied Geoinformatics LaboratoryYarmouk UniversityIrbidJordan

The massive lockdown of human socioeconomic activities and vehicle movements due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has resulted in an unprecedented reduction in pollutant gases such as Nitrogen Dioxide(NO_(2))and Carbon Monoxide(CO)as well as Land Surface Temperature(LST)in Amman as well as all countries around the *** this study,the spatial and temporal variability/stability of NO_(2),CO,and LST throughout the lockdown period over Amman city have been *** NO_(2) and CO column density values were acquired from Sentinel-5p while the LST data were obtained from MODIS satellite during the lockdown period from 20 March to 24 April in 2019,2020,and *** statistical analysis showed an overall reduction in NO_(2) in 2020 by around 27% and 48% compared to 2019 and 2021,***,an increase of 7% in 2021 compared to 2019 was observed because almost all anthropogenic activities were allowed during the *** temporal persistence showed almost constant NO2 values in 2020 over the study area throughout the lockdown *** addition,a slight decrease in CO(around 1%)was recorded in 2020 and 2021 compared to the same period in *** on human activities resulted in an evident drop in LST in 2020 by around 13%and 18% less than the 5-year average and 2021 *** study concludes that due to the restrictions imposed on industrial activities and automobile movements in Amman city,an unprecedented reduction in NO_(2),CO,and LST was recorded.

关键词： Air quality COVID-19 lockdown spatiotemporal analysis NO_(2) CO Land Surface Temperature(LST) Sentinel-5p and MODIS satellites

Generating high-resolution climatological precipitation data using SinGAN

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Big Earth Data 2023年第1期7卷 81-100页

作者： Yang Wang Hassan A.Karimi geoinformatics laboratory School of Computing and InformationUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghUSA

High-resolution(HR)climate data are indispensable for studying regional climate trends,disaster prediction,and urban development planning in the face of climate ***,state-of-the-art long-term global climate simulations do not provide appropriate HR climate *** learning models are often used to obtain high-resolution climate ***,due to the fact that these models require sufficient low-resolution(LR)and HR data pairs for the training process,they cannot be applied to scenario with inadequate training *** this paper,we explore the applicability of a single image generative adversarial network(SinGAN)in generating HR climate *** relies on single LR input data to obtain the corresponding HR *** improve the performance for extreme-value regions,we propose a SinGAN combined with the weighted patchGAN discriminator(WSinGAN).The proposed WSinGAN outperforms comparable models in generating HR precipitation data,and its results are close to real HR data with sharp gradients and more refined small-scale *** also test the scalability of the pre-trained WSinGAN for unseen samples and show that although only a single LR sample is used to train WSinGAN,it can still produce reliable HR data for unseen data.

关键词： Climate downscaling SinGAN deep learning adversarial training

Selected issues of cartographic communication optimization for emergency centers

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2010年第4期3卷 316-339页

作者： Karel Staněk Lucie Friedmannová Petr Kubıcek Milan Konecný laboratory on geoinformatics and Cartography Department of GeographyFaculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic

Cartographic communication and support within emergency management(EM)are complicated issues with changing demands according to the incident extent and phase of the EM *** in mind the specifics of each purpose,it is obvious that spatial data used for maps preparation and production must be differently visualized even for the same type of emergency incident(traffic accident,fire,and natural disaster).Context-based cartography is a promising methodology to deal with the changing demands of an operational EM *** overview of cartographic communication is presented within the context of an operational EM center,activities of particular actors,and map use supporting the incident *** authors of the paper respond to a series of questions,for example:what is the current cartographic support of operational EM in the Czech Republic in Digital Earth conditions?What possibilities are there to improve the cartographic communication?How can contextual cartographic services be implemented in a Web environment and how can the usability of results be tested?The paper gives several examples of the usage of cartographic technologies in map creation for various emergency situations.

关键词： map use cartographic communication context-based cartography Digital Earth operational emergency management

geoinformatics and digital earth initiatives:a German perspective

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2008年第1期1卷 17-30,I0002页

作者： M.Ehlers Institute for geoinformatics and Remote Sensing University of OsnabrueckSeminarstr.19 abD-49074 OsnabrueckGermany

This paper discusses the role of geoinformatics as a new scientific discipline designed for handling of geospatial *** on the scientific background of the people involved in shaping the emerging discipline,emphasis may be placed on different aspects of *** and developments may address geoscientific,spatial planning,or computer science related *** scientific field of geoinformatics encompasses the acquisition and storing of geospatial data,the modelling and presentation of spatial information,geoscientific analyses and spatial planning,and the development of algorithms and geospatial database *** is the position of the author that these tools from geoinformatics are necessary to bridge the gap between Digital Earth models and the real world with its real-world problems(‘connecting through location’).It is,however,crucial that geoinformatics represents a coherent integrated approach to the acquisition,storage,analysis,modeling,presentation,and dissemination of geo-processes and not a patchwork solution of unconnected fields of *** is as such not a part of Geography,Surveying,or Computer Science,but a new self-contained scientific *** current paper highlights international and national trends of the discipline and presents a number of geoinformatics *** research and teaching activities of the newly formed Institute for geoinformatics and Remote Sensing(IGF)at the University of Osnabrueck serve as an example for these *** these developments have lead to the long overdue formation of a scientific‘Society for geoinformatics’(German:Gesellschaft fu¨r Geoinformatik-GfGI)in Germany.

关键词： geoinformatics digital earth modeling position paper emerging scientific discipline academic programmes

Analysis of mobility data-A focus on Mobile Mapping Systems

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2020年第1期23卷 68-74页

作者： Monika Sester Institute of Cartography and geoinformatics Leibniz Universitat HannoverHannoverGermany

The increasing availability of devices to capture the position of moving objects(and other environmental information)leads to a very large amount and variety of mobility *** order to obtain important information about the objects,their behavior or the environment of the objects,an automatic analysis is *** article highlights current research questions in the context of the analysis of mobility data and presents them on the basis of work carried out at the Institute of Cartography and geoinformatics(ikg)at Leibniz University of Hannover,Germany.A focus is put on the analysis and exploitation of information from Mobile Mapping vehicles.

关键词： Trajectories Lidar data automatic analysis traffic applications

Assessment of GNSS zenith tropospheric delay responses to atmospheric variables derived from ERA5 data over Nigeria

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Satellite Navigation 2023年第1期4卷 167-182,I0005页

作者： Ifechukwu Ugochukwu Nzelibe Herbert Tata Timothy Oluwadare Idowu Department of Surveying and geoinformatics Federal University of Technology AkureAkureNigeria

Tropospheric delay is a major error caused by atmospheric refraction in Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)*** study evaluates the potential of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast(ECMWF)Reanalysis 5(ERA5)atmospheric variables in estimating the Zenith Tropospheric Delay(ZTD).Linear regression models(LRM)are applied to estimate ZTD with the ERA5 atmospheric *** ZTD are also estimated using standard ZTD models based on ERA5 and Global Pressure and Temperature 3(GPT3)atmospheric *** ZTD estimates are evaluated using the data collected from the permanent GNSS continuously operating reference stations in the Nigerian *** results reveal that the Zenith Hydrostatic Delay(ZHD)from the LRM and the Saastamoinien model using ERA5 surface pressure are of identical accuracy,having a Root Mean Square(RMS)error of 2.3 mm while the GPT3-ZHD has an RMS of 3.4 *** the Zenith Wet Delay(ZWD)component,the best estimates are derived using ERA5 Precipitable Water Vapour(PWV).These include the ZWD derived by the LRM having an average RMS of 20.9 mm and Bevis equation having RMS of 21.1 mm and 21.0 mm for global and local weighted mean temperatures,*** evaluation of GPT3-ZWD estimates gives RMS of 45.8 *** study has provided a valuable insight into the application of ERA5 data for ZTD *** line with the fndings of the study,the ERA5 atmospheric variables are recommended for improving the accuracy in ZTD estimation,required for GNSS positioning.

关键词： ECMWF reanalysis 5(ERA5) Global navigation satellite systems(GNSS) Global pressure and temperature 3(GPT3) Modelling Nigeria Zenith tropospheric delay(ZTD)

Trajectory analysis at intersections for traffic rule identification

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2021年第1期24卷 75-84,I0010页

作者： Chenxi Wang Stefania Zourlidou Jens Golze Monika Sester Institute of Cartography and geoinformatics Leibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany

In this paper,we focus on trajectories at intersections regulated by various regulation types such as traffic lights,priority/yield signs,and right-of-way *** test some methods to detect and recognize movement patterns from GPS trajectories,in terms of their geometrical and spatio-temporal *** particular,we first find out the main paths that vehicles follow at such *** then investigate the way that vehicles follow these geometric paths(how do they move along them).For these scopes,machine learning methods are used and the performance of some known methods for trajectory similarity measurement(DTW,Hausdorff,and Fréchet distance)and clustering(Affinity propagation and Agglomerative clustering)are compared based on clustering ***,the movement behavior observed at six different intersections is analyzed by identifying certain movement patterns in the speed-and time-profiles of *** show that depending on the regulation type,different movement patterns are observed at *** finding can be useful for intersection categorization according to traffic *** practicality of automatically identifying traffic rules from GPS tracks is the enrichment of modern maps with additional navigation-related information(traffic signs,traffic lights,etc.).

关键词： Traffic rules traffic regulators GPS trajectories intersection classification speed-profiles clustering similarity measures

Assessing global Sentinel-2 coverage dynamics and data availability for operational Earth observation(EO)applications using the EO-Compass

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第7期13卷 768-784页

作者： Martin Sudmanns Dirk Tiede Hannah Augustin Stefan Lang Department of geoinformatics University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria

Sentinel-2 scenes are increasingly being used in operational Earth observation(EO)applications at regional,continental and global scales,in near-real time applications,and with multi-temporal *** a broader scale,they are therefore one of the most important facilitators of the Digital ***,the data quality and availability are not spatially and temporally homogeneous due to effects related to cloudiness,the position on the Earth or the acquisition *** spatiotemporal inhomogeneity of the underlying data may therefore affect any big remote sensing analysis and is important to *** study presents an assessment of the metadata for all accessible Sentinel-2 Level-1C scenes acquired in 2017,enabling the spatio-temporal coverage and availability to be quantified,including scene availability and *** exploratory analysis of the global,multi-temporal metadata also reveals that higher acquisition frequencies do not necessarily yield more cloud-free scenes and exposes metadata quality issues,*** incorrect cloud cover estimation in high,nonvegetated *** continuously updated datasets and analysis results are accessible as a Web application called *** contributes to a better understanding and selection of Sentinel-2 scenes,and improves the planning and interpretation of remote sensing analyses.

关键词： Sentinel-2 metadata cloud cover scene coverage global analysis big Earth data digital earth

Impact of neighborhood features on housing resale prices in Zhuhai (China) based on an (M)GWR model

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Big Earth Data 2023年第1期7卷 146-169页

作者： Nianhua Liu Josef Strobl Interfaculty Department of geoinformatics-Z_GIS University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria Department of geoinformatics PalackýUniversity OlomoucOlomoucCzech Republic

The paper aims at exploring the relationship between housing resale prices and neighborhood features in Zhuhai,as well as structure and location *** neighborhood features are collected to analyze their influence on average community-level apartment resale prices in *** neighbor-hood features,structural and location characteristics,are selected according to their statistical significance and multi-collinearity test results from an OLS *** analysis is performed by OLS,GWR,and MGWR to compare their per-formance in housing price research at community *** comparison of the three models also demonstrates that the GWR(66%)and MGWR(68%)models perform much better than OLS model(52%).MGWR is not significantly different from GWR in areas with few sample points,and the optimal bandwidth at different spatial scales is hard to be captured in a city-level study *** regression parameter indicates that building age is the most important factor among all influen-cing *** to schools and factories have positive and negative significant effects on housing resale prices,*** spatial pattern of neighborhood features is also detected at town *** and MGWR models accurately demonstrate local spatial heterogeneity of the housing resale market,which provides better results than the traditional OLS model in the goodness of fit and parameter estimates when spatial dependency is *** results provide references for local planning departments,helping to reveal the compli-cated relationship and spatial patterns between housing price and determinants over space.

关键词： Housing resale price neighborhood features ordinary least squares multiscale geographically weighted regression

Fuzzy Boundaries Between Post-Disaster Phases: The Case of L'Aquila, Italy

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第3期7卷 277-292页

作者： Diana Contreras Department of geoinformatics–Z_GIS University of Salzburg

A number of indices have been developed for measuring vulnerability to disasters, but little attention has been paid to recovery indices. Post-disaster periods are usually divided into four phases. The terms established by the United Nations Development Programme for post-disaster phases—relief, early recovery, recovery, and development—are used in this article. This research examines the hypothesis that the boundaries between post-disaster recovery phases are fuzzy and should be defined by the progress achieved in the recovery process, rather than by the amount of time elapsed since the event. The methodology employed involved four steps: fieldwork, mapping,identification of indicators, and assessment. The case study area was the city of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo region of central Italy, which was struck by an earthquake in April2009. For each phase of the recovery process in L'Aquila a score was calculated based on the progress observed in2016, 7 years after the earthquake. The highest score went to the early recovery phase(14 points), followed by the recovery phase(13 points), the development phase(12points), and the relief phase(4 points). The results demonstrate the possibility of defining post-disaster recovery phases in an affected area based on measuring achievements through indicators rather than defining recovery phases in terms of elapsed time after a disaster.

关键词： Disaster recovery Earthquakes Geographical information system (GIS) L’Aquila Post-disaster phases Spatial indicators