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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第4期50卷 484-490页

作者： Tayyaba Sultana Abdul Ghafoor Government College University Faisalabad PakistanPlant Genetic Resources Program Institute of Agri Biotechnology and Genetic Resources National Agricultural Research Centre Islamabad Pakistan Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan

Lentil, one of the oldest legumes was investigated for diversity based on botanical descriptors, total seed proteins, isozymes and random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） markers. About one fourth of accessions were heterogeneous for botanical descriptors and a seed protein profile. The germplasm collected from the province of Baluchiatan revealed the prevalence of indigenous landraces as high diversity was observed for all of the techniques. Diversity explored through various techniques revealed validity irrespective of the sample size or geographic pattem, RAPD being the best choice for investigating both inter- and intra-acceaaion variation in lentil. Although all of the techniques were able to resolve genetic diversity in lentil, isozymea and seed proteins gave low levels of genetic diversity, suggesting that more investigation into isozymea of specific proteins is required. RAPD is the best option for determining inter- and intra-acceaaion variation, and will be required to extend germplaama and primers to continue the study of botanical descriptors.

关键词： DNA marker genetic resource lentil sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Genomics of crop plant genetic resources

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第4期3卷 378-385页

作者： Arun Prabhu Dhanapal Plant genetic resources Scuola Superiore Sant’ Anna Rome Italy

Plant genetic resources collection and utilization had made a huge impact in balancing the genetic diversity of the existing crop plant species and their application in genome based studies had also increased widely. Primarily studies were based on model species, although it now enhances the transferability of information to crops and related species. With the tremendous outbreak of new high-throughput technologies like next-generation sequencing (NGS) and reduction in their costs are bringing many more plants within the range of genome and transcriptome level analysis. The completion of reference genome sequences for many important crops and the ability to perform high-throughput resequencing are providing opportunities for improving our understanding of the crop plant genetic resources to accelerate crop improvement. The future of crop improvement will be centred on comparisons of individual crop plant genomes, and some of the best opportunities may lie in using combinations of new genetic mapping strategies and evolutionary analyses to direct and optimize the discovery and use of genetic variation. Here I review the importance of crop plant genetic resources and insights that have been emerged in recent years.

关键词： Crop Plant genetic resources Genomics Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)

Current Situations of Competitive Scientific Research Projects for Agri-scientific Research Institutions: A Case Study of Tropical Crops genetic resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

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Asian Agricultural Research 2015年第10期7卷 77-82页

作者： Haiyan LUO Qingqun YAO Lizhen CHEN Yu ZHENG Tropical Crops genetic resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

This paper collected and arranged competitive scientific research projects undertaken by Tropical Crops genetic resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences in 2003-2014. Through statistical analysis on quantity of projects,funded amount,age of person responsible,professional title of person responsible,academic degree of person responsible,research object,it discussed relevant characteristics and rules. Finally,it came up with pertinent measures and recommendations,in the hope of providing services for decision-making and scientific and technological management.

关键词： Competitive scientific research projects Current s

genetic Diversity and Correlation Analysis of Main Botanical Traits of Chili Pepper genetic resources

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2015年第4期4卷 18-22页

作者： Ziji LIU Longbin SHEN Yan YANG Zhenmu CAO Tropical Crops genetic resources Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

A total of 398 chili pepper germplasms were used as test materials and genetic diversity and correlation analysis were performed on 17 botanical traits. The results of diversity analysis showed that the diversity indexes of the 17 botanical traits ranged from 0.15 to 5.97 with the average value of 4.12. The data distributions of 11 quantitative traits were more dispersed than qualitative traits. The average value of eoefficient of variation was 36.90% and the variation ranges were one to six times larger than the average value. The results of correlation analysis showed that plant height had significantly positive correlations with plant breadth, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, the frrst flower node and carpopodium length. The In＇st flower node was significantly negatively correlated with fruit length, fruit width, flesh thickness and weight per fruit and signifieantly positively correlated with plant height and plant breadth. The flesh thickness was significantly positively correlated with leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, fruit length, fruit width and carpopodium length. The weight per fruit was significantly positively correlated with leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, fruit length, fruit width, carpopodium length and flesh thickness. Materials with low first flower node, moderate plant height and width and large fruit should be selected for the breeding of early-maturing and high-yield chili pepper varieties. The genetic distances between chili pepper traits were calculated based on the genotypic values of the 11 quantitative traits. The genetic distances between different traits ranged from 14.26 to 32.99. The 11 quantitative traits were divided into seven groups when the rescaled distance was ten, which further clarified the relationships between different traits. The research results laid a solid foundation for the new variety breeding of chili pepper.

关键词： Chili pepper Germplasm Botanical traits genetic diversity Correlation

Construction and Establishment of Sci-tech Platform for Agricultural Scientific Research Institutions: A Case Study of Tropical Crops genetic resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

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Asian Agricultural Research 2014年第11期6卷 83-86页

作者： Lizhen CHEN Yu ZHENG Haiyan LUO Qingqun YAO Tropical Crops genetic resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Taking Tropical Crops genetic resources Institute( TCGRI) of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences( CATAS) as an example,this paper discussed current situation of construction of sci-tech platform,analyzed... 详细信息

关键词： Sci-tech platform Current situation Existing probl

Exploitation of genetic resources based on regulome and gene editing in crops

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第9期63卷 1406-1409页

作者： Yunzhen Li Wenhao Yan National Key Laboratory of Crop genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Future breeding programs have to meet diverse demands of different consumers, which require massive genetic resources and variations. However, the number of natural existing haplotypes is always limited due to domestication and breeding process (Tanksley and Mc Couch, 1997). Compared with traditional genetic cloning approaches, elucidating how one gene is transcribed and how it regulates downstream workhorses will generate more information on the casual mutation(s) of the gene and its downstream targets.

关键词： breeding crops transcribed

genetic diversity and construction of core collection in Chinese wheat genetic resources

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第10期53卷 1518-1526页

作者： HAO ChenYang DONG YuChen WANG LanFen YOU GuangXia ZHANG HongNa GE HongMei JIA JiZeng ZHANG XueYong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm and Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resourcesand Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China

genetic diversity among 5029 accessions representing a proposed Chinese wheat core collection was analyzed using 78 pairs of fluorescent microsatellite (SSR) primers mapped to 21 chromosomes. A stepwise hierarchical sampling strategy with priority based on 4×105 SSR data-points was used to construct a core collection from the 23090 initial collections. The core collection consisted of 1160 accessions, including 762 landraces, 348 modern varieties and 50 introduced varieties. The core ac-counts for 23.1% of the 5029 candidate core accessions and 5% of the 23090 initial collections, but retains 94.9% of alleles from the candidate collections and captures 91.5% of the genetic variation in the initial collections. These data indicate that it is possible to maintain genetic diversity in a core collection while retaining fewer accessions than the accepted standard, i.e., 10% of the initial collections captured more than 70% of their genetic diversity. Estimated genetic representation of the core con-structed by preferred sampling (91.5%) is much higher than that by random sampling (79.8%). Both mean genetic richness and genetic diversity indices of the landraces were higher than those of the modern varieties in the core. Structure and principal coordinate analysis revealed that the landraces and the modern varieties were two relatively independent subpopulations. Strong genetic differentiation associated with ecological environments has occurred in the landraces, but was relatively weak in the modern cultivars. In addition, a mini-core collection was constructed, which consisted of 231 accessions with an estimated 70% representation of the genetic variation from the initial collections. The mini-core has been distributed to various research and breeding institutes for detailed phenotyping and breeding of genetic introgression lines.

关键词：中国小麦遗传因素 SSR 基因

Vegetable genetic resources in China

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2018年第2期4卷 83-88页

作者： WANG Haiping LI Xixiang SONG Jiangping Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Beijing Research Station of Vegetable Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement Ministry of Agriculture

China is recognized as an important region for plant biodiversity based on its vast and historical collection of vegetable germplasm. The aim of this review is to describe the exploration status of vegetable genetic resources in China, including their collection, preservation, evaluation, and utilization. China has established a number of national-level vegetable genetic resources preservation units, including the National Mid-term Genebank for Vegetable Germplasm resources, the National Germplasm Repository for Vegetatively-Propagated Vegetables, and the National Germplasm Repository for Aquatic Vegetables. In 2015, at least 36 000 accessions were collected and preserved in these units. In the past decade, 44 descriptors and data standards for different species have been published, and most accessions have been evaluated for screening the germplasms for specific important traits such as morphological characteristics, disease resistance, pest resistance, and stress ***, the genetic diversity and evolution of some vegetable germplasms have been evaluated at the molecular level. Recently, more than 1 000 accessions were distributed to researchers and breeders each year by various means for vegetable research and production. However,additional wild-relative and abroad germplasms from other regions need to be collected and preserved in the units to expand genetic ***, there is a need to utilize advanced techniques to better understand the background and genetic diversity of a wide range of vegetable genetic resources. This review will provide agricultural scientists' insights into the genetic diversity in China and provide information on the distribution and potential utilization of these valuable genetic resources.

关键词： vegetable genetic resource preservation evaluation utilization

Domestication and Sustainable Use of genetic resources of a Native Tree with High Economic Potential in Ghana

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Open Journal of Forestry 2015年第7期5卷 678-685页

作者： Theresa Peprah Kwame Antwi Oduro Daniel E. Kwaku Addo Siaw Joseph Rexford Cobbinah Zacharia Tchoundjeu Anthony John Simons Ramni Jamnadass Daniel Aninagyei Ofori CSIR-Forestry Research Institute of Ghana Kumasi Ghana College of Agriculture and Natural resources Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Yaounde Cameroon World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Nairobi Kenya

Allanblackia parviflora A. Chev., an underutilized fruit tree species commonly found in tropical rainforest of West Africa, has potential for integration into agroforestry systems for economic and environmental benefits. The seed oil of A. parviflora is considered economically important but wild fruits collection produces an average of 40 tons of oil annually. However, over 100,000 tons of Allanblackia seed oil is needed annually by food and cosmetics industries. The need to domesticate and conserve A. parviflora to ensure adequate sustainable supply of seed oil and to sustainably manage the genetic resources is therefore critical. This paper reviews the current state-of-the art on domestication and sustainable use efforts of Allanblackia. Propagation methods have been developed to encourage large scale commercial cultivation, include grafting, rooting of stem cuttings and research into improved seed germination. Range-wide germplasm collection has been undertaken leading to establishment of 140 accessions in a gene bank for future source of germplasm. Mother blocks, i.e. established plots consisting of grafts, seedlings and cuttings, have been established at Rural Resource Centres with 58 elite clones, which have been recommended for distribution to farmers. The diversification of cropping systems to include A. parviflora trees is projected to contribute to community livelihoods development and poverty reduction through large-scale production and supply chain development of the species. Furthermore, the integration of A. parviflora into agroforestry systems is important for the conservation of the genetic resources of the species.

关键词： Agroforestry Conservation Germplasm Supply Chain Propagation

Conservation and Utilization of Crop genetic resources in Malaysia： Mardi＇s Effort

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2015年第6期5卷 381-386页

作者： Mohd Shukor Nordin Mohd Shafie Md Shah Mohd Norfaizal Mohd Ghazali Siti Nurzuraini Abdul Rahman Salma Idris Mohd Shukri Mohd Ali Kulliyyah of Science International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus Kuantan 25200 Pahang Malaysia Strategic resources Research Centre Malaysian Agricultural Research & Development Institute (MARD1) Headquarters Serdang43000 Selangor Malaysia

Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute （MARDI） is the country＇s major custodian of the nation＇s crops genetic resources. It has a global responsibility in the conservation of genetic resources of banana, sweet potato and citrus, and national responsibility for the conservation of crops, such as rice, tropical fruits and some herbs and medicinal plant species. MARDI rice seed genebank at Seberang Prai in the state of Penang was established in 1984 and currently holds 12,770 registered rice accessions, of which 53% are of local origin. In addition, MARDI also conserves genes in the field, mostly for underutilized tropical fruit genetic resources. At present, about 168 species of underutilized, rare and wild tropical fruit species consisting of about 2,000 accessions, the largest in the country, are being conserved. The species include ＂kuini＂（Mangifera odorata）, ＂bacang＂（Mangifera foetida）, ＂binjai＂（Mangifera caesia）, ＂cerapu＂（ Garcinia praniana）, ＂rambai＂（Baccaurea motleyana）, ＂asam gelugor＂（ Garcinia atroviridis）, ＂terap＂（drthocarpus odoratissimus） and ＂pulasan＂（Nephellium rambutan-ake）. The accessions are mostly conserved ex situ in field genebanks located at the various MARDI stations throughout the country. Although the conservation of the various crop species genetic resources is important, the real challenge is enhancing its utilisation. The main objective of the paper was to share and disseminate information related to works conducted and strategies opted by MARDI on the conservation and utilization of crop genetic resources. Information on species of crops that are available in MARDI＇s genebank was also highlighted together with brief information of some of the associated traits of significant importance posses by those genetic resources.

关键词： Conservation genetic resources tropical fruits germplasm genebanks.