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Glial response in the midcingulate cortex in Huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 207-208页

作者： Thulani H.Palpagama Andrea Kwakowsky Center for Brain Research and department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CenterUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

Huntington’s disease(HD)is a genetic disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of the striatum and *** can present with a variety of symptoms that can broadly be classified into motor symptoms,inclusive of choreatic movements and rigidity,mood and psychiatric symptoms,such as depression and apathy,and cognitive symptoms,such as cognitive *** causal mutation underlying HD results from an expansion of a CAG repeat sequence on the IT15 gene,resulting in the formation and accumulation of a mutant huntingtin protein.

关键词： Huntington degeneration cortex

Neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target in Huntington's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 817-818页

作者： Andrea Kwakowsky Thulani H.Palpagama Center for Brain Research and department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

In 1872, George Huntington presented his essay “On Chorea” to the Meigs and Mason Academy of Medicine and, in doing so, detailed a disease that would later bear his name. Huntington's disease(HD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disease that manifests as the loss of motor control,cognitive impairment,and mood and psychiatric changes in paents.

关键词： Huntington inflammation Medicine

Microglial dysfunction and genetic risk for neurodegenerative disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1401-1402页

作者： Debra S.MacDonald Jay Penney department of Biomedical sciences AVCUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPECanada

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases a re increasing in prevalence as world populations *** tremendous progress has been made,our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the development of these diseases remains far from com *** troubling,despite the growing emotional and financial toll being to ken by neurodegenerative disorders,existing treatment options are limited almost exclusively to those that help manage symptoms but that lack the ability to alter the progression of the disease(Liu et al.,2022).

关键词： degenerative diseases

RBF-FD Method for Some Dispersive Wave Equations and Their Eventual Periodicity

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2020年第5期123卷 797-819页

作者： Marjan Uddin Hameed Ullah Jan Muhammad Usman department of basics sciences UETPeshawarPakistan department of Mathematics University of DaytonDaytonUSA

In this paper,we approximate the solution and also discuss the periodic behavior termed as eventual periodicity of solutions of(IBVPs)for some dispersive wave equations on a bounded domain corresponding to periodic *** constructed numerical scheme is based on radial kernels and local in nature like finite difference *** temporal variable is executed through RK4 *** to the local nature and sparse differentiation matrices our numerical scheme efficiently recovers the *** results achieved are validated and examined with other methods accessible in the literature.

关键词： RBFs meshless methods RBF-FD scheme eventual periodicity BBM and KdV type equations.

Tranylcypromine upregulates Sestrin 2 expression to ameliorate NLRP3-related noise-induced hearing loss

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1483-1494页

作者： Xihang Chen Zhifeng Chen Menghua Li Weiwei Guo Shuolong Yuan Liangwei Xu Chang Lin Xi Shi Wei Chen Shiming Yang Senior department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Chinese PLA General HospitalChinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijingChina State Key laboratory of Hearing and Balance Science BeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases BeijingChina Key laboratory of Hearing Science Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Beijing Key laboratory of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment BeijingChina department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLALanzhouGansu ProvinceChina Key laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan UniversityHaikouHainan ProvinceChina Academician Workstation of Hainan University School of Pharmaceutical SciencesYazhou BaySanyaHainan ProvinceChina

Noise-induced hearing loss is the primary non-genetic factor contributing to auditory ***,there are currently no effective pharmacological interventions for patients with noise-induced hearing ***,we present evidence suggesting that the lysine-specific demethylase 1 inhibitor–tranylcypromine is an otoprotective agent that could be used to treat noise-induced hearing loss,and elucidate its underlying regulatory *** established a mouse model of permanent threshold shift hearing loss by exposing the mice to white broadband noise at a sound pressure level of 120 d B for 4 *** found that tranylcypromine treatment led to the upregulation of Sestrin2(SESN2)and activation of the autophagy markers light chain 3B and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 in the cochleae of mice treated with *** noise exposure group treated with tranylcypromine showed significantly lower average auditory brainstem response hearing thresholds at click,4,8,and 16 k Hz frequencies compared with the noise exposure group treated with *** findings indicate that tranylcypromine treatment resulted in increased SESN2,light chain 3B,and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 expression after noise exposure,leading to a reduction in levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and cleaved caspase-3,thereby reducing noise-induced hair cell ***,immunoblot analysis demonstrated that treatment with tranylcypromine upregulated SESN2 expression via the autophagy *** treatment also reduced the production of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domaincontaining 3(NLRP3)*** conclusion,our results showed that tranylcypromine treatment ameliorated cochlear inflammation by promoting the expression of SESN2,which induced autophagy,thereby restricting NLRP3-related inflammasome signaling,alleviating cochlear hair cell loss,and protecting hearing *** findings suggest that inhibiting lysine-specific demethylase 1 is a

关键词： 4-hydroxynonenal apoptosis autophagy cleaved caspase-3 inflammation NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3) noise-induced hearing loss oxidative stress Sestrin2 tranylcypromine

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases regulate cell division and development in Arabidopsis roots

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第7期59卷 459-474页

作者： Caifeng Liu Qiao Wu Weiwei Liu Zongyin Gu Wenjing Wang Ping Xu Hong Ma Xiaochun Ge State Key laboratory of genetic Engineering Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences Fudan University School of Biological sciences University of East Anglia

Root organogenesis involves cell division, differentiation and expansion. The molecular mechanisms regulating root development are not fully understood. In this study, we identified poly（adenosine diphosphate （ADP）-ribose） polymerases （PARPs） as new players in root development. PARP catalyzes poly（ADP-ribosyl）ation of proteins by repeatedly adding ADP-ribose units onto proteins using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide （NAD ） as the donor. We found that inhibition of PARP activities by 3-aminobenzomide （3-AB） increased the growth rates of both primary and lateral roots, leading to a more developed root system. The double mutant of Arabidopsis PARPs, parplparp2, showed more rapid primary and lateral root growth. Cyclin genes regulating G1-to-S and G2-to-M transition were up-regulated upon treatment by 3-AB. The proportion of 2C ceils increased while cells with higher DNA ploidy declined in the roots of treated plants, resulting in an enlarged root meristematic zone. The expression level of PARP2 was very low in the meristematic zone but high in the maturation zone, consistent with a role of PARP in inhibiting mitosis and promoting cell differentiation. Our results suggest that PARPs play an important role in root development by negatively regulating root cell division.

关键词： PARP of polymerases regulate cell division and development in Arabidopsis roots in cell were Figure root

AtCLH2, a Typical but Possibly Distinctive Chlorophyllase Gene in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第4期49卷 531-539页

作者： Yang Liao Kun An Xiao Zhou Wen-Jun Chen Ben-Ke Kuai State Key laboratory of genetic Engineering Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

Chlorophyllase （EC 3.***.1.14） is involved in the first step of chlorophyll degradation. Isolation of chlorophyllase genes greatly facilitates characterization of chlorophyllase properties and elucidation of molecular regulation of their in vivo activities. There are two chlorophyllase genes, AtCLH1 and AtCLH2, in Arabidopsis thaliana. The in vivo roles of AtCLH1 have been reported previously. However, few studies have been carried out on AtCLH2. Here, we show that purified recombinant Chlase2, encoded by AtCLH2, exhibits in vitro chlorophyllase activity. Interestingly, ＂activation＂ of in vitro activity of the recombinant Chlase2 required higher concentrations of a detergent or a polar solvent. To determine its activity in vivo, the expression of AtCLH2 was inhibited by RNA interference. RNAi plants showed decreased contents of chlorophyllide without a substantial change in the total amount of the extractable chlorophyll and consequently presented lower chlorophyllide to chlorophyll ratios in their leaves. In addition, the two AtCLHs exhibited differential expression patterns. Our results suggest that AtCLH2 might play a distinctive role in chlorophyll catabolism in vivo.

关键词： Arabidopsis AtCLH1 AtCLH2 chlorophyllase chlorophyll degradation RNA interference.

Characterization, prevalence and antibiogram study of Staphylococcus aureus in poultry

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第3期7卷 253-256页

作者： Yeasmeen Ali Md.Ashraful Islam Nazmul Hasan Muzahid Mohd.Omar Faruk Sikder Md.Amzad Hossain Lolo Wal Marzan department of genetic Engineering & Biotechnology University of Chittagong Graduate School of Biomedical sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center

Objective: To reveal the presence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus)(MRSA) in poultry samples and to determine the antibiogram pattern against five ***: Samples from different poultry farm of Chittagong city, Bangladesh were examined for S. aureus by different biochemical tests and confirmed as MRSA by identifying the presence of mec A gene using PCR. Antibiotic resistance pattern in S. aureus was determined by antibiotic disk diffusion ***: In this study, a total of 60 samples(30 from nasal swabs and 30 from cloacal swabs) were used, of which 54 were confirmed as S. aureus by different biochemical tests. Among these, 12 were confirmed as MRSA by detecting mec A gene using *** antibiogram study, both nasal and cloacal samples showed the highest resistance against penicillin-G and the lowest resistance was observed against ***: Based on the present study, it can be said that different antibiotics are used extensively in poultry that leads to MRSA and is alarming for human health.

关键词： Antibiogram Zoonotic transmission Swab mecA gene Opportunistic fungus

Importance of etiologies of secondary diabetes:How often do we think off in clinical practice?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第5期13卷 49-51页

作者： Kotha Sugunakar Reddy Arvind Kumar Morya Archana Gaur Sakthivadivel Varatharajan department of General Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia department of Physiology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia

The article"Secondary diabetes due to different etiologies:Four case reports"by Song et al,published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases,delves into the identi-fication of rare causes of secondary diabetes and emphasizes the necessity for healthcare professionals to recognize these *** to do so can result in treatment delays and compromised patient *** article discusses spe-cific types of diabetes,including maturity onset of diabetes in young,pancreas-related diseases,endocrinopathies,drug-induced diabetes,infections,and con-genital genetic syndromes associated with diabetes *** summaries highlight how patients with secondary diabetes,stemming from conditions such as Williams-Beuren syndrome and pituitary adenoma,often exhibit distinct characteristics overlooked in clinical *** authors stress the importance of a holistic diagnostic approach and advocate for proactive management through early intervention,including genetic tests and antibody *** awa-reness and education are crucial for timely identification and proper management,ultimately improving patient *** findings prompt a call to action for healthcare professionals to consider rare causes of secondary diabetes,facili-tating better glycemic control and overall patient care.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Etiologies Viral infections Syndromes Pathophysiology,Secondary diabetes mellitus,Clinical practice