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Literature review of the outcome of and methods used to improve transperineal repair of rectocele

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第9期13卷 1063-1078页

作者： Mohammad Fathy Ahmed Hossam Elfallal Sameh Hany Emile general Surgery Mansoura University Faculty of MedicineMansoura 35516Egypt

BACKGROUND Rectocele is commonly seen in parous women and sometimes associated with symptoms of obstructed defecation syndrome(ODS).AIM To assess the current literature in regard to the outcome of the classical transperineal repair(TPR)of rectocele and its technical *** An organized literature search for studies that assessed the outcome of TPR of rectocele was ***/Medline and Google Scholar were queried in the period of January 1991 through December *** main outcome measures were improvement in ODS symptoms,improvement in sexual functions and continence,changes in manometric parameters,and quality of *** After screening of 306 studies,24 articles were found eligible for inclusion to the *** studies(301 patients)assessed the classical TPR of *** median rate of postoperative improvement in ODS symptoms was 72.7%(range,45.8%-83.3%)and reduction in rectocele size ranged from 41.4%-95.0%.Modifications of the classical repair entailed omission of levatorplasty,addition of implant,concomitant lateral internal sphincterotomy,changing the direction of plication of rectovaginal septum,and site-specific *** The transperineal repair of rectocele is associated with satisfactory,yet variable,improvement in ODS symptoms with parallel increase in quality-of-life *** modifications of the classical TPR were *** modifications include omission of levatorplasty,insertion of implants,performing lateral sphincterotomy,changing the direction of classical plication,and site-specific *** indications for these modifications are not yet fully clear and need further prospective studies to help tailor the technique to rectocele patients.

关键词： Transperineal repair Rectocele Review Modifications Outcome

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Medication adherence in schizophrenia

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2012年第5期2卷 74-82页

作者： Francisco Javier Acosta José Luis Hernández José Pereira Judit Herrera Carlos J Rodríguez Service of Mental Health General Health Care Programs Direction Canary Health Service Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35004 Spain Insular University Hospital of Gran Canaria Canary Health Service Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35016 Spain

Non-adherence is a major problem in the treatment of schizophrenia. Its high prevalence, potentially severe consequences and associated costs make the study of this phenomenon a priority issue. In this article, basic non-adherence concepts of prevalence, consequences, evaluation methods, methodological restrictions of available studies, risk factors and intervention strategies, are reviewed. Studying non-adherence risk factors is a necessary step toward designing adequately oriented intervention strategies. An operative definition of adherence and good knowledge of its evaluation methods are essential to study this phenomenon. Unfortunately, most available studies contain methodological restrictions, especially concerning the evaluation methods, and an agreed operative definition of adherence has only very recently been reached. Knowing non-adherence risk factors, intervention strategies and available evidence on their effectiveness is essential in making treatment decisions in daily clinical practice.

关键词： Adherence Non-adherence Compliance Noncompliance Schizophrenia

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Stability of rat models of fluid percussion-induced traumatic brain injury: comparison of three different impact forces

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第7期10卷 1088-1094页

作者： Yun-peng Lin Rong-cai Jiang Jian-ning Zhang Department of Neurosurgery Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin Neurological Institute Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System Tianjin Medical University general Hospital

Fluid percussion-induced traumatic brain injury models have been widely used in experimental research for years. In an experiment, the stability of impaction is inevitably affected by factors such as the appearance of liquid spikes. Management of impact pressure is a crucial factor that determines the stability of these models, and direction of impact control is another basic element. To improve experimental stability, we calculated a pressure curve by generating repeated impacts using a fluid percussion device at different pendulum angles. A stereotactic frame was used to control the direction of impact. We produced stable and reproducible models, including mild, moderate, and severe traumatic brain injury, using the MODEL01-B device at pendulum angles of 6°, 11° and 13°, with corresponding impact force values of 1.0 ± 0.11 atm（101.32 ± 11.16 k Pa）, 2.6 ± 0.16 atm（263.44 ± 16.21 k Pa）, and 3.6 ± 0.16 atm（364.77 ± 16.21 k Pa）, respectively. Behavioral tests, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed that models for different degrees of injury were consistent with the clinical properties of mild, moderate, and severe craniocerebral injuries. Using this method, we established fluid percussion models for different degrees of injury and stabilized pathological features based on precise power and direction control.

关键词： nerve regeneration traumatic brain injury fluid percussion impact force pressure curve head fixed impact peak animal models neural regeneration

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Thermopower of YBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7) Superconductor Prepared by Melt-Textured Growth Method

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Chinese Physics Letters 1991年第8期8卷 412-415页

作者： JIANG Lianhua MA Hong REN Hongtao XIAO Lin HE Qing YU Qishan HUANG Zhijun YAN Shousheng Department of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 general Research Institute for Non-ferrous Metals Beijing 100088

The results of thermopower measurements in a high J_(c) melt-textured growth(MTG)YBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7) bulk sample above 80K are reported,its behavior is strongly *** small value in c-direction indicates the existence of an imperfection in the alignment of ab-planes and low resistance channels along the c-axis,which may be important for the high Jc value of the *** by a two order tensor,the orientational dependence of thermopower can also be explained.

关键词： tensor alignment Superconductor

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Assessment of duodenal circular drainage in treatment of superior mesenteric artery syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第2期14卷 303-306页

作者： Wei-Liang Yang Xin-Chen Zhang Department of general Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin 150086 Heilongjiang Province China

AIM： To assess the clinical value of duodenal circular drainage for superior mesenteric artery syndrome （SMAS）. METHODS： Forty-seven cases of SMAS were treated with duodenal circular drainage from 1959 to 2001. Clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS： In this group, good effects were achieved in 39 cases treated with duodenal circular drainage after 2-15 years of follow-up. The other eight cases were first treated with anterior repositioning of the duodenum （two cases）, duodenojejunostomy （five cases）, subtotal gastrectomy and billroth I gastrojejunostomy （one case）, but vomiting was not relieved until duodenal circular drainage was performed again. A follow-up study of 8-10 years revealed satisfactory results in these eight patients. CONCLUSION： In SMAS, if the reversed peristalsis is strong and continuous, and vomiting occurs frequently, the symptom can not be relieved even if the obstruction of duodenum is removed surgically. The key treatment is the relief of reversed peristalsis. The duodenal circular drainage can resolve the drainage direction of duodenal content, thus relieving the symptom of vomiting.

关键词： Duodenum Superior mesenteric artery syndrome Circular drainage operation

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Dynamic response and plastic deformation behavior of Ti–5Al–2.5Sn ELI and Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V alloys under high-strain rate

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Rare Metals 2014年第2期33卷 127-133页

作者： Yan-Ling Wang Song-Xiao Hui Rui Liu Wen-Jun Ye Yang Yu Ravil Kayumov State Key Laboratory for Fabrication & Processing of Nonferrous Metals General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Department of Mechanical Engineering Sun Moon University

Split Hopkinson pressure bar test system was used to investigate the plastic deformation behavior and dynamic response character of a-type Ti–5Al–2.5Sn ELI and near a-type Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V titanium alloy when subjected to dynamic loading. In the present work, stress–strain curves at strain rate from 1.5 9 103to 5.0 9 103s-1were analyzed, and optical microscope（OM） was used to reveal adiabatic shearing behavior of recovered samples. Results show that both the two alloys manifest significant strain hardening effects. Critical damage strain rate of the two alloys is about 4.3 9 103s-1, under which the impact absorbs energy of Ti–5Al–2.5Sn ELI and Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V are 560 and 470 MJ m-3, respectively. Both of them fracture along the maximum shearing strength orientation, an angle of 45° to the compression axis. No adiabatic shear band（ASB） is found in Ti–5Al–2.5Sn ELI alloy, whereas several ASBs with different widths exist without regular direction in Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V alloy.

关键词： Titanium alloy Ti–5Al–2.5Sn ELI Ti–8Al– 1Mo–1V High-strain rate Adiabatic shear band

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Synthesis and densification of zirconium diboride prepared by carbothermal reduction

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Rare Metals 2018年第12期37卷 1076-1081页

作者： Tao Gui Xing-Ming Wang Lei Yang Yu-Yang Liu Xue Bai Li-Jun Wang Bo Song Division of Metallurgy and Materials for Rare Metals General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Using boron powder as additive, the preparation of zirconium diboride(ZrB 2) by carbothermal reduction was investigated. The results show that the carbothermal reduction cannot be completely done until the temperature is more than 1900 ℃. The ZrB2 particles prepared without boron(B) additive at 1900 ℃ for 3 h are rodlike and show a preferential grain growth along [001] direction. B additive changes the heat effect of the raw materials. With B additive, the morphology of ZrB2 particles turns to be regular shape. The average particle size is about 3.6 μm with 2.5 wt% B additives. With more B additive, the shape of particles turns to be round like and the average particle size is decreased to 2.3 μm when 5 wt% B is added. The existence of oxides in grain boundary is a key factor to keep ZrB2 ceramic from deep densification. Using ZrB2 powder prepared with 5 wt% B additives, by controlling carbon content in ZrB2 powder, ZrB2 ceramic with 93%relative density is hot-pressed.

关键词： Zirconium diboride Carbothermal reduction Grain growth Morphology control Deep densification

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Numerical simulation during vacuum sublimation purification of metal Tm (I): model foundation and validation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2013年第2期31卷 180-185页

作者：张小伟苗睿瑛陈德宏王志强李宗安颜世宏金小礼 general Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Grirem Advanced Materials Co. Ltd. School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University

The thermo physical parameters of Tm vapor and the range of sublimation temperature were determined by vapor pressure of metal Tm, and a 2-D axis-symmetric heat transfer model was developed to investigate the temperature distribution in sublimation furnace. The simulation results showed that, due to the heat loss at crucible bottom, the temperature of crucible, solid metal and Tm vapor increased with crucible height increasing, reached the maximum value in the middle of crucible in height direction, and then decreased rapidly; at the outside surface of condenser, the temperature decreased sharply; with heating body temperature of 1000oC, the mean temperature at upper surface of solid Tm was 22oC higher than that on the lower surface, the mean temperature of upper surface of solid Tm was about 32oC lower than that of heating body, and the calculated sublimation velocity was 8.16g/cm2/h, which was only 54.4% of sublimation velocity calculation by heating body temperature.

关键词： vacuum sublimation Tm vapor temperature field numerical simulation

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Structure of nanocrystalline WC-10%Co powder

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2001年第4期11卷 529-534页

作者：杨志民毛昌辉杜军 Michel Daniel Champion Yannick Hagège Serge Htch Martin general Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Centre d'Etudes de Chimie Métallurgique/CNRS 94407 Vitry-sur-Seine France

Nanostructured WC Co powders obtained by mechanical milling were investigated by combination of X ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques. Rietveld analysis indicates that the experimental XRD patterns cannot be satisfactorily explained with the hexagonal WC structure. HRTEM image analysis shows that in the as milled nanostructured powder, many WC grains contain stacking faults lying on the plane {10·0}. Analysis of phase images show that these defects are nearly periodically ordered along the direction. Based on these observations, a structural model was proposed for the WC grains with ordered stacking faults, which is in fact equivalent to a superstructure of WC with space group Amm2. When this model describing the faulted fraction of WC is introduced together with the normal WC structure (space group P6-m2) into the Rietveld refinement, a much better agreement between the calculated and experimental XRD profiles was obtained. This study allows to obtain the lattice parameters, grain size, microstrain and other structural information on the as milled powders.

关键词： structural properties mechanical milling WC Co

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In situ observation of surface structures of cardiovascular endothelial cells with atomic force microscope

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2009年第3期6卷 178-181页

作者： Tong Yin Jin Luo Ya-Min Ma Xiao-Long Ji Yu-Sheng Zhao Shi-Wen Wang Institute of Geriatric Cardiology Department of Cardiovascular Surgery General Hospital of PLA Beijing 100853 China Institute of Nanomedicine General Hospital o fArmed Police Forces Beo＇ing 100039 China

Objective To observe the surface structures of cardiovascular endothelial cells in situ with atomic force microscope （AFM）. Methods Fresh aorta and aortic valve were dissected from 10 healthy male New Zealand white rabbits. Before fixed in 1% formaldehyde, the fresh tissues were washed in the buffer phosphate solution. Under general microscope, the fixed aorta or valve was spread on the double side stick tape which had already been stuck on the glass slide. The intima of aorta or the aorta side of valve was towards upside, Then the specimen was dried under 37 degrees centigrade in an attemperator and was washed with pure water. After dried again, the specimen was loaded on the platform ofNanoScope Ⅲa AFM and was scanned in tapping mode with the scanning speed of 0.5 HZ. Results The surface structures of endothelial cell on the fixed and dried tissue could be observed clearly in situ with AFM. aortic endothelial cells were large, branched and arranged sparsely and parallel to the direction of blood flow, whereas endothelial cells on aorta valve surface were small, less branched and arranged intensively and vertical to the direction of blood flow. When the scanning range was dwindled, granular ultra-structures could be observed on the surface of endothelial cells, and, as the scanning range was dwindled further, fissure and convolution could be seen on the surface of granules from aortic endothelial cells. Centre cavity and surrounding swelling volcano-like structure could be seen on the surface of granules from endothelial cells of aortic valve. Conclusions It＇s feasible to observe the surface ultra-structures of cardiovascular endothelial cells in situ with AFM and morphological information provided by AFM might be of clinical value in future histopathological diagnosis（JGeriatr Cardiol2009; 6：178-181）.

关键词： atomic force microscope endothelial cell

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