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Insect Science 2009年第3期16卷 219-226页

作者： Sujin Park Thomas M. Brown Sam-Kyu Kim Chunkeun Lim Jang Hyun Hur Yong Chul Park Saeyoull Cho Life Science Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor M148109 USA genectar corn llc 539 Kafispell Ave. Whitefish MT 59937-2743 USA Division of Biological Environment College of Agriculture and Life Science Kangwon National University Chuncheon 200-701Korea Department of Appfied Biology Division of Bio-resource of Technology College of Agriculture and Life Science Kangwon National University Chuncheon 200-701 Korea Department of Plant Biotechnology Program Division of Biotechnology School of BiotechnologyInstitute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Kangwon National University Chuncheon 200-701 Korea

A new putative transposon was identified in the tobacco budworm, Helio- this virescens. This transposon was characterized as a full length CORE-SINE （65 bp of ＂CORE＂ core specific nucleotide short interspersed elements） that resembled sequences from three other lepidopterans and humans. In particular, the A-box and B-box regions of this sequence most closely conformed to the signature of CORE-SINEs from widely divergent species. This CORE-SINE was present as a polymorphism in a hypervariable region of the gene hscp, which is the target of pyrethroid insecticides and other xenobiotics in the nerve axon. We described this new putative transposon as Noct-1 due to its presence in a noctuid moth. This is the first description of a full-length CORE-SINE with the A-box, B-box, target site duplication, and candidate core domain from an insect.

关键词： A-box B-box CORE-SINE Heliothis virescens Noct-1 target site duplication

Susceptibility of northern corn rootworm Diabrotica barberi （Coleoptera： Chrysomelidae） to mCry3A and eCry3.1Ab Bacillus thuringiensis proteins

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Insect Science 2016年第6期23卷 913-917页

作者： Isaac O. Oyediran Phillip Matthews Narendra Palekar Wade French Jared Conville Tony Burd Syngenta Crop Protection LLC Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA USDA ARS North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory Brookings SD 57006 USA

The susceptibility of the northern corn rootworm Diabrotica barberi （Smith ＆ Lawrence） to mCry3A and eCry3.1Ab proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） was determined using a diet bioassay. Northern corn rootworm neonates were exposed to different concentrations of mCry3A and eCry3.1Ab, incorporated into artificial diet. Larval mortality was evaluated after 7 d. The mCry3A and eCry3.1 Ab proteins were found to be toxic to the northern corn rootworm larvae. The LCs0 and LC99 values for mCry3A were 5.13 and 2482.31 μg/mL, respectively. For eCry3.1Ab, the LC50 and LC99 values were 0.49 and 213.01 μg/mL. Based on the estimated lethal concentrations, eCry3, lab protein was more efficacious to northern corn rootworm larvae than mCry3A. These lethal concentration values will be used as diagnostic doses for routine annual monitoring for change in susceptibility of field collected northern corn rootworm to mCry3A, and eCry3.1Ab toxins.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis Diabrotica barberi eCry3.1Ab mCry3A susceptibility

Nickel embedded porous macrocellular carbon derived from popcorn as sulfur host for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第15期74卷 69-77页

作者： Wenjuan Wang Yan Zhao Yongguang Zhang Ning Liu Zhumabay Bakenov School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China Institute of Batteries llc School of Engineering and Digital SciencesNational Laboratory AstanaNazarbayev University53 Kabanbay Batyr AvenueNur-Sultan 010000Kazakhstan

Due to the demands for high performance and ecological and economical alternatives to conventional lithium-ion batteries(Li Bs),the development of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries with remarkably higher theoretical capacity(1675 m A h g-1)has become one of the extensive research focus directions ***,poor conductivity of sulfur,critical cyclability problems due to shuttle of polysulfides as intermediate products of the cathodic reaction,and large volume variation of the sulfur composite cathode upon operation are the major bottlenecks impeding the implementation of the next-generation Li-S *** this work,a unique three-dimensional(3D)interconnected macrocellular porous carbon(PC)architecture decorated with metal Ni nanoparticles was synthesized by a simple and facile *** as-fabricated Ni/PC composite combines the merits of conducting carbon skeleton and highly adsorptive abilities of Ni,which resulted in efficient trapping of lithium polysulfides(Li PSs)and their fast conversion in the electrochemical *** to these synergistic advantageous features,the composite exhibited good cycling stability(512.3 mA h g^(-1)after 1000 cycles at 1 C with an extremely low capacity fading rate 0.03%per cycle),and superior rate capability(747.5 mA h g^(-1)at 2 C).Accordingly,such Ni nanoparticles embedded in a renewable puffed corn-derived carbon prepared via a simple and effective route represent a promising active type of sulfur host matrix to fabricate high-performance Li-S batteries.

关键词： Biomass-derived porous carbons Cathodes Lithium-sulfur batteries Ni nanoparticles

Systemic RNAi in western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, does not involve transitive pathways

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 45-56页

作者： Huarong Li Andrew J. Bowling Premchand Gandra Murugesan Rangasamy Heather E. Pence Robert E. McEwan Chitvan Khajuria Blair D. Siegfried Kenneth E. Narva Dow AgroSciences llc 9330 Zionsville Rd. Indianapolis Indiana USA Department of Entomology University of Nebraska Lincoln Nebraska USA Monsanto Company Chesterfield Missouri USA Entomology and Nematology Department University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

Western corn rootworm （WCR, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte） is highly sensitive to orally delivered double-stranded RNA （dsRNA）. RNAi in WCR is systemic and spreads throughout the insect body. This raises the question whether transitive RNAi is a mechanism that functions in WCR to amplify the RNAi response via production of secondary siRNA. Secondary siRNA production is achieved through RNA-dependent RNA polymerase （RdRP） activity in other eukaryotic organisms, but RdRP has not been identified in WCR and any other insects. This study visualized the spread of the RNAi- mediated knockdown of Dr v-ATPase C mRNA throughout the WCR gut and other tissues using high-sensitivity branched DNA in situ hybridization. Furthermore, we did not detect either secondary siRNA production or transitive RNAi in WCR through siRNA sequence profile analysis. Nucleotide mismatched sequences introduced into either the sense or antisense strand of v-ATPase C dsRNAs were maintained in siRNAs derived from WCR fed with the mismatched dsRNAs in a strand specific manner. The distribution of all siRNAs was restricted to within the original target sequence regions, which may indicate the lack of new dsRNA synthesis leading to production of secondary siRNA. Thus, the systemic spread of RNAi in WCR may be derived from the original dsRNA molecules taken up from the gut lumen. These results indicate that the initial dsRNA dose is important for a lethal systemic RNAi response in WCR and have implications in developing effective dsRNA traits to control WCR and in resistance management to prolong the durability of RNAi trait technology.

关键词： corn rootworm Diabrotica secondary siRNA production systemic RNAi transitive RNAi

Temporal Patterns in Symptoms of Nitrogen Deficiency as Revealed by Remote Sensing of corn Canopy

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Pedosphere 2010年第1期20卷 15-22页

作者： J. ZHANG A. M. BLACKMER P. M. KYVERYGA M. J. GLADY T. M. BLACKMER Temple University CORE Program 3223 N. Broad Street Suite 175 Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19140 (USA) Department of Agronomy Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 (USA) Iowa Soybean Association On-Farm Network 1255 SW Prairie Trail Parkway Ankeny Iowa 50023 (USA) Winfield Solutions LLC. 114 Washington Avenue Montevideo Minnesota 56265 (USA)

To evaluate the temporal patterns of N deficiencies in corn and assess the ability of remote sensing to diagnose N deficiencies during the vegetative growth of corn, three field-scale experiments were conducted with various rates (56, 112, and 168 kg N ha-1 ), timing (early and late applications) and placement (injected into soil and dribbled on soil surface) of N fertilization in a split-plot design. Relationships between canopy reflectance during the growing season and yield data at the end of growing season were studied for different treatments. Results showed significant variation in both grain yields and canopy reflectance among the three cornfields. The N fertilization made in early June resulted in low canopy reflectance in early July, but the differences disappeared as the season progressed. The effect of N rates on canopy reflectance was not significant in early July but it gradually became detectable in mid-July and thereafter. The fertilizer placement had a significant effect on grain yields only in one field but not on canopy reflectance in all three fields. These observations suggest that the deficiency of N developed under field conditions is a dynamic phenomenon, which adds complexity for accurately defining "N deficiency" and effectively developing management strategies for in-season correction. Remote sensing throughout the season helps collect information about important interactions that have not been given enough attention in the past.

关键词： canopy reflectance fertilizer placement timing yield response

Cross-Reaction between Gliadin and Different Food and Tissue Antigens

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第1期4卷 20-32页

作者： Aristo Vojdani Igal Tarash Immunosciences Lab. Inc. Los Angeles USA Immunosciences Lab. Inc. Los Angeles USA&Cyrex Labs LLC. Phoenix USA.

A subgroup of coeliac disease patients continues to experience symptoms even on a gluten-free diet (GFD). We attempted to determine whether these symptoms could be due to either cross-contamination with gluten-containing foods or cross-reactivity between α-gliadin and non-gluten foods consumed on a GFD. We measured the reactivity of affinity-purified polyclonal and monoclonal α-gliadin 33-mer peptide antibodies against gliadin and additional food antigens commonly consumed by patients on a GFD using ELISA and dot-blot. We also examined the immune reactivity of these antibodies with various tissue antigens. We observed significant immune reactivity when these antibodies were applied to cow’s milk, milk chocolate, milk butyrophilin, whey protein, casein, yeast, oats, corn, millet, instant coffee and rice. To investigate whether there was cross-reactivity between α-gliadin antibody and different tissue antigens, we measured the degree to which this antibody bound to these antigens. The most significant binding occurred with asialoganglioside, hepatocyte, glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, adrenal 21-hydroxylase, and various neural antigens. The specificity of anti-α-gliadin binding to different food and tissue antigens was demonstrated by absorption and inhibition studies. We also observed significant cross-reactivity between α-gliadin 33-mer and various food antigens, but some of these reactions were associated with the contamination of non-gluten foods with traces of gluten. The consumption of cross-reactive foods as well as gluten-contaminated foods may be responsible for the continuing symptoms presented by a subgroup of patients with coeliac disease. The lack of response of some CD patients may also be due to antibody cross-reactivity with non-gliadin foods. These should then be treated as gluten-like peptides and should also be excluded from the diet when the GFD seems to fail.

关键词： Cross-Reaction Gliadin Food Antigens Tissue Antigens Celiac Disease Gluten-Free Diet

The use of feed-grade amino acids in lactating sow diets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 399-406页

作者： Laura Greiner Pairat Srichana James L.Usry Casey Neill Gary L.Allee Joseph Connor Kevin J.Touchette Christopher D.Knight Carthage Innovative Sow Solutions LLCCarthageIL 62321USA Department of Animal Science University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65211USA Charoen Pokphand Group Co. Ltd.14th Floor313 Silom Rd.BangrakBangkok 10500Thailand Ajinomoto Heartland Inc.ChicagoIL 60631USA Micronutrients 1550 Research WayIndianapolisIN 46231USA PIC HendersonvilleTN 37075USA Pipestone USA Novus International Inc.St.CharlesMO 63304USA

Background: The use of feed grade amino acids can reduce the cost of lactation feed. With changing genetics,increasing feed costs, and higher number of pigs weaned with heavier wean weights further evaluation of higher inclusion levels of feed-grade amino acid in lactation diets than previously published is warranted. Two experiments(Exp.) were conducted to determine the optimal inclusion level of L-lysine HCl to be included in swine lactation diets while digestible lysine levels remain constant across dietary treatments and allowing feed grade amino acids to be added to the diet to maintain dietary ratios relative to lysine to maximize litter growth rate and sow reproductive performance. Furthermore, the studies were to evaluate minimal amino acid ratios relative to lysine that allows for optimal litter growth rate and sow reproductive ***: Exp. 1: Increasing L-lysine HCl resulted in similar gilt feed intake, litter, and reproductive *** litter gain from birth to weaning was 2.51, 2.49, 2.59, 2.43, and 2.65 kg/d when gilts were fed 0.00, 0.075,0.150, 0.225, and 0.30% L-lysine HCl, respectively. Exp. 2: The average litter gain from birth to weaning was 2.68,2.73, 2.67, 2.70, and 2.64 kg/d(P corn-soybean meal based lactation diets formulated with a constant SID lysine content for all parities containing up to 0.40% L-lysine HCl with only supplemental feed grade threonine and a methionine source have no detrimental effect on litter growth rate and subsequent total born.

关键词： Amino acid ratio Lactation L-lysine Sow

Revising Nitrogen Recommendations for Wheat in Response to the Need for Support of Variable-Rate Nitrogen Application

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2011年第1X期1卷 89-95页

作者： D. W. Franzen G. Endres R. Ashley J. Staricka J. Lukach K. McKay School of Natural Resource Sciences Soil Program North Dakota State University Fargo North Dakota 58108 USA North Dakota State University Carrington Research and Extension Center Carrington North Dakota 58421 USA North Dakota State University Dickinson Research and Extension Center Dickinson North Dakota 58601 USA North Dakota State University Williston Research and Extension Center Williston North Dakota 58801 USA North Dakota State University Langdon Research and Extension Center Langdon North Dakota 58249 USA Vision Research Park LLC Berthold North Dakota 58718 USA

Sampling studies in North Dakota conducted from 1994 to 2003 showed that variable-rate N application could be practically directed with zone soil sampling. Results from variable-rate N studies using zone soil sampling were often less than rewarding due in part to the use of a whole-field predicted yield-based formula for developing the N recommendation in each zone. Nitrogen rate studies on spring wheat and durum were established in 2005 through 2009 with the objective to reexamine N recommendations and construct a new system if necessary. The results of the study and archived wheat N response data showed that the state should be divided into three separate N response regions. Within each region historic yields from low to high productivity were defined. The gross N rate was determined using the return-to-N concept developed in the US corn-belt states but with additional consideration for wheat protein value The gross N rate is then modified by credits for previous crop, soil test N from zone soil sampling, tillage systems, excessive straw from the previous year, relative susceptibility to nitrate leaching or denitrification. Finally, the user is encouraged to use common sense and consider whether particular fields have characteristics that require more or less N fertilizer than suggested by the recommendation formulas.

关键词： Variable-rate fertilizer application nitrogen fertilizer fertilizer recommendations spring wheat durum wheat