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Views of South Asian Physicians on Climate Related Health Effects: A Multinational Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

American Journal of Climate Change 2023年第1期12卷 58-79页

作者： Tehzeeb Zulfiqar Hina Jawaid Abdul Jalil Khan N. Waseem Ahmed Asif Rehman Muhammad Hassam Khan Kinley Bhutti Md. Ferdous Rahman Saadia Mustafa Husnulmaab Ali Tariq Aziz Health Services Academy Islamabad Pakistan University of Health Sciences Lahore Pakistan Khyber Medical University Peshawar Pakistan Department of Diabetes Gem Hospital & Research Centre Chennai Tamilnado India Peshawar Medical College Peshawar Pakistan PARO General Hospital Paro Bhutan International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: South Asian populations are vulnerable to poor health outcomes associated with climate due to the region’s complex topography, poverty, lack of education, and population density. Physicians, being highly trusted members of society, can help mitigate climate change effects in their countries. Objectives: The present study assessed perceptions of physicians from four South Asian countries (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Pakistan). We hypothesized that physicians from these countries will be aware and knowledgeable about health effects of climate change. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of physicians between March and July 2022. Data of 201 physicians was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s post hoc method. Results: Physicians from four South Asian countries were attuned to the health risks associated with climate change. A majority of physicians (86.6%) believed that climate change would make health conditions in their countries more severe or frequent (Bangladesh 83.3%;Bhutan 70%;India 91% and Pakistan 90.8%). The most common health effect related to climate change was illnesses related to reduced outdoor air quality (54.3%). Common barriers to discuss climate change with patients from all four countries were physicians’ lack of knowledge (strongly agree, 13.8%;agree 47.7%) in how to approach the issue with patients, lack of time (strongly agree, 12%;agree, 48%) and their perception that patients were not interested in knowing about climate change (strongly agree, 8.6%;agree, 42.6%). More than half (56.2%) of the physicians reported no training (Bangladesh, 51.7%;Bhutan, 80%;India, 44.6%;Pakistan, 63.1%) and approximately 30% reported less than 20 hours of training (Bangladesh, 28.3%;Bhutan, 15.0%;India, 39.3%;Pakistan, 27.7%) in climate-change-related health effects. Conclusion: While additional large-scale research is needed to understand the trends observed in our pilot study, our findings identify the need to introdu

关键词： Climate Change Health Physicians South Asia

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Plant cell cultures as heterologous bio-factories for secondary metabolite production

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Plant Communications 2021年第5期2卷 23-34页

作者： Tong Wu Sandra M.Kerbler Alisdair R.Fernie Youjun Zhang Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Mühlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Leibniz-Institute für gemüse-und Zierpflanzenbau Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 114979 GrobbeerenGermany Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology 4000 PlovdivBulgaria

Synthetic biology has been developing rapidly in the last decade and is attracting increasing attention from many plant *** production of high-value plant-specific secondary metabolites is,however,limited mostly to *** is potentially problematic because of incorrect post-translational modification of proteins and differences in protein micro-compartmentalization,substrate availability,chaperone availability,product toxicity,and cytochrome p450 reductase *** other heterologous systems,plant cells may be a promising alternative for the production of high-value *** commercial plant suspension cell cultures from different plant species have been used successfully to produce valuable metabolites in a safe,low cost,and environmentally friendly ***,few metabolites are currently being biosynthesized using plant platforms,with the exception of the natural pigment *** Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum cell cultures can be developed by multiple gene transformations and CRISPR-Cas9 genome *** that the introduction of heterologous biosynthetic pathways into Arabidopsis and *** is not widely used,the biosynthesis of foreign metabolites is currently limited;however,therein lies great ***,we discuss the exemplary use of plant cell cultures and prospects for using *** and *** cell cultures to produce valuable plant-specific metabolites.

关键词： plant cell culture synthetic biology secondary metabolites

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The Gboko Limestone, Yandev, Benue State, Nigeria: Geology, Geochemistry and Industrial Potentials

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Geomaterials 2017年第2期7卷 51-63页

作者： Anuba Basil Ofulume Sabinus Ikechukwu Ibeneme Donatus Maduka Orazulike Ibrahim Vela Haruna Sani Aishatu Diugo Okechukwu Ikoro Stephen Ikpendu Nwankwo Nnaemeka Oluchukwu Ezetoha Joseph Azi Bulus Department of Geology Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria gem Executive Education Grenoble Ecole De Management Rue Pierre Semard Grenoble France Department of Geology Federal University of Technology Yola Nigeria Department of Geology University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria Department of Architecture Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Geology University of Jos Jos Nigeria

The Cretaceous shallow marine Gboko limestone, Yandev, Nigeria is a component of the sedimentary fill of the 800 km NE-SW trending Benue Trough, Nigeria. The limestone is made up of thin bedded to massive limestone beds interspersed with laminated grey shale having foraminifera as the dominant fossil. The limestone has both mud supported and grain supported texture, and micrites constitute about 75% of the limestone. Bulk chemical composition analysis of the limestone reveals average CaCO3 of 92.41% and a range of 77.50% - 99.00%. Mineralogical impurities include quartz, dolomite, pyrrhotite, fluorapatite etc. Trace elements concentration analysis was carried out using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDXRF) spectrophotometry and showed the following trace elements: Mn (841.3 ppm), Sr (444.6 ppm), Fe (470 ppm), Zn (114.6 ppm) and Pb (116.4 ppm). Calcining the limestone in a laboratory muffle furnace at 1050°C for 90 minutes produced a compact, soft burnt porous and reactive lime that does not crumble into fines. The lime so produced neither meets the requirements of the Steel Making Shop (SMS) of the Ajaokuta Steel Plant nor could it be used in the growing sugar refining industry in Nigeria. It can however be used in the food and the food by-products industry, environmental, agricultural and petroleum industries etc. The raw stone remains a major source of raw materials for cement manufacture for the ever expanding building industry.

关键词： Benue Trough Calcination Fluxing Geochemistry Gboko Limestone

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Numerical Tools for the Control of the Unsteady Heating of an Airfoil

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2013年第6期3卷 339-351页

作者： Franqoise Masson Francisco Chinesta Adrien Leygue Chady Ghnatios Elias Cueto Laurent Dala Craig Law EADS Corporate Foundation International Chair GEM UMR CNRS- Ecole Centrale Nantes F-44321 Nantes Cedex 3 France lnstitut Universitaire de France Paris 75 000 France Aragon Institute of Engineering Research - 13A Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza E-50018 Spain School of Mechanical Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg 2000 SouthAfrica

This paper concerns the real time control of the boundary layer on an aircraft wing. This new approach consists in heating the surface in an unsteady regime using electrically resistant strips embedded in the wing skin. The control of the boundary layer＇s separation and transition point will provide a reduction in friction drag, and hence a reduction in fuel consumption. This new method consists in applying the required thermal power in the different strips in order to ensure the desired temperatures on the aircraft wing. We also have to determine the optimum size of these strips （length, width and distance between two strips）. This implies finding the best mathematical model corresponding to the physics enabling us to facilitate the calculation for any type of material used for the wings. Secondly, the heating being unsteady, and, as during a flight the flow conditions or the ambient temperatures vary, the thermal power needed changes and must be chosen as fast as possible in order to ensure optimal operating conditions.

关键词： Model reduction PGD (proper generalized decomposition) heating of an airfoil boundary layers laminar-turbulenttransition and separation point friction drag unsteady heating.

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Real-Time Control of the Heating of an Airfoil

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2012年第5期2卷 478-487页

作者： Frangoise Masson Francisco Chinesta Adrien Leygue Elias Cueto Laurent Dala Craig Law EADS Corporate Foundation International Chair GEM UMR CNRS-Ecole Centrale Nantes 1 Rue de la No~ BP 92101 F-44321Nantes Cedex 3 France Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) Aragon Institute of Engineering Research-I3A Universidad de Zaragoza Maria de Luna 7 E-50018 Zaragoza Spain School of Mechanical Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering University of the Witwatersrand 1 Jan Smut Avenue SA-2000Braamfontein Johannesburg South Africa

This paper concerns the real time control of the boundary layer on an aircraft wing. This new proposed approach is associated with the unsteady surface heating regime using electrically resistant strips which are embedded in the wing skin. The control of the boundary layer separation and transition will provide a reduction in friction drag and hence a reduction in the fuel consumption. Active thermal control consists in applying the required thermal power in the different strips in order to ensure the desired temperatures on the aircraft wing. The heating being unsteady, and, as during a flight the flow conditions or the ambient temperatures vary, the thermal power changes and must be chosen as fast as possible in order to ensure optimal operating conditions. To ensure the real-time response, an original modeling considering materials and process parameters as extra-coordinates are proposed, and then the associated parametric solution is computed by solving the resulting multidimensional models by applying the proper generalized decomposition (PGD) method that allows circumventing the curse of dimensionality that multidimensional models imply.

关键词：实时控制边界层分离暖气翼型飞机机翼加热制度温度变化多维模型

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Detection of Natural and Synthetic Emerald by Using Infrared Spectroscopy–ATR,Specular Reflection,Transflectance and Diffuse Reflectance Techniques

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宝石和宝石学杂志 2018年第S1期20卷 140-140页

作者： Aumaparn Phlayrahan Pimthong Thongnopkun gem & Mineral Sciences SRU Department of Earth SciencesFaculty of ScienceKasetsart University gems & Jewelry Research Unit Faculty of GemsBurapha UniversityChanthaburi Campus

Emerald is a green(Cr-bearing)variety of *** has also been one of the highest value and highly demanded gemstones in the *** this reason,the methods for synthesis emerald(i.e.,hydrothermal,flux grown)have been constantly *** many cases,it is hard to distinguish the natural emerald from the synthetic one using the basic ***,with the advantage of non-destructive technique,the infrared spectroscopy has been efficiently applied for the *** this study,to find the potential technique in FTIR spectroscopy for classifying between natural and synthetic emerald(hydrothermal and flux-grown),the observed spectra from the Attenuated Total Reflectance Radiation(ATR),Diffuse Reflectance(DRIFT),transflectance,and specular reflection techniques were *** result showed that the spectra obtained from the transflectance and the DRIFT techniques were similar with equal spectral *** the diffuse reflectance spectra,the transflectance spectra were not affected by the sample *** spectral features associated with water molecule in the crystal structure were clearly observed in both the DRIFT and transflectance *** the spectral features associated with weak absorption bands of water were not observed in both the DRIFT and transflectance spectra,the position of strong absorption band at 3 800-3 500 cm^(-1) and 1 635 cm^(-1) could be detected in the ATR *** addition,the lack of absorption of water between 4 000 and 3 400 cm^(-1) in flux-grown emerald samples is the clue to separate it from the natural and hydrothermal *** the meantime,the absence of the strong absorption peaks between 2 300 and 1 400 cm^(-1) in hydrothermal emerald can differentiate it from the natural one.

关键词： emerald synthetic emerald transflectance diffuse reflectance atr

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DDT化合物和PCB在富营养和贫营养湖中的季节性变化及其与藻类生物量之关系

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2000年第4期29卷 229-237页

作者： Maria Sderstrm Kerstin Nylund Ulf Jrnberg Gran Lithner Gran Rosén Henrik Kylin 邵平樊恩源 Institute of Applied Environmental Research(ITM) Laboratory of Analutical Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Strandvgem 11 SE-171 69 StenhamraSweden Department of Environmental Assessment Swedish Umiversity of Agricultureal SciencesP.O.Box 7050SE-750 07 UppsalaSweden。

1996～1997期间,在一个富营养湖(湖E)和一个贫营养湖(湖O)中进行了富营养化和有机污染物(PCB,DDTs及γ-HCH)的交互作用研究,两湖的地貌形态和水化学相似。集水区的土壤样品表明两湖暴露于相似的大气条件下。与湖O相比湖E没有观测到生物... 详细信息

1996～1997期间,在一个富营养湖(湖E)和一个贫营养湖(湖O)中进行了富营养化和有机污染物(PCB,DDTs及γ-HCH)的交互作用研究,两湖的地貌形态和水化学相似。集水区的土壤样品表明两湖暴露于相似的大气条件下。与湖O相比湖E没有观测到生物稀释。湖E的沉积物(1.5倍)、表面沉积物(1.4倍)和河鲈(Perca fluviatilis)(2.4倍)的有机碳和脂质物质中的PCB水平较高,并且微粒的沉降流较大,沉积物捕集器和沉淀物表面PCB的水平也较高。湖E中PCB的大部分转运主要是靠浮游植物。DDD/DDE比值较高似乎与p,p’-DDT的高负载相关而非厌氧的原因。所记录的湖O深层沉积岩心的高DDD/DDE比值和sDDT的高水平以及在此期间沉积最多,大概是由于从集水区流入的前体DDT最高的缘故。

关键词： DDT PCB 富营养贫营养湖泊藻类生物量

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滚动状态下轮胎/路面接触力对噪声预测相关性的试验研究

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轮胎工业 2010年第12期30卷 715-725页

作者： Julien Cesbron Fabienne Anfosso-Lédée Denis Duhamel Hai Ping Yin Donatien Le Houédec 曹嘉欣（摘译）陈霞（校） LMEE Universit6 91020 Evry France LCPC 412944341 Bouguenais Cedex France Universite Paris-Est UR Navier ENPC 77455 Marne la Vallee Cedex 2 France ECN GeM 9210144321 Nantes Cedex 3 France 武汉理工大学

在过去几十年里,降低轮胎/路面噪声一直是道路交通噪声治理的主要方面。轮胎/路面噪声的产生机理非常复杂,包括轮胎振动、空气泵浦和粘吸/滑动现象等。为了能够很好地预测轮胎/路面噪声,需要准确地描述轮胎/路面接触的相互作用。

关键词：交通噪声治理轮胎路面滚动状态接触力试验测相相互作用

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工艺参数对激光熔覆成形316L不锈钢形状的影响规律

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激光与光电子学进展 2011年第7期48卷 114-119页

作者：黄小伟习俊通 J. L. Lebrun Elcheikh Hussam Courant Bruno 上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院上海200240 上海市网络化制造与企业信息化重点实验室上海200240 机械系统与振动国家重点实验室上海200240 Arts et Metiers ParisTech-LPMI-2 bd du Ronceray-49035 AngersFrance lnstitut de Recherche en Genie Civil et Mecanique(gem)UMR CNRS 6183 France

激光熔覆技术经多年发展已取得许多成功的工业应用,但如何控制工艺以达到最佳成形效果,需要通过研究工艺参数与成形精度之间的关系才能找到最终的解决方案。借助激光熔覆快速成形法制备316L不锈钢实验试样,研究工艺参数组合对成形试样... 详细信息

激光熔覆技术经多年发展已取得许多成功的工业应用,但如何控制工艺以达到最佳成形效果,需要通过研究工艺参数与成形精度之间的关系才能找到最终的解决方案。借助激光熔覆快速成形法制备316L不锈钢实验试样,研究工艺参数组合对成形试样形状的影响规律。通过定义单涂覆层截面形状特征参数,采用线性相关法处理截面形状数据,建立工艺参数组合与截面形状特征参数的线性关系。此外,激光熔覆成形件易出现两类典型缺陷,即晶界间微裂纹和层间熔合不良缺陷。

关键词：激光技术激光熔覆成形形状特性线性相关

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International experts consensus guidelines on robotic liver resection in 2023

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世界胃肠病学杂志:英文版 2023年第32期29卷 4815-4830页

作者： Rong Liu Mohammed Abu Hilal Go Wakabayashi Ho-Seong Han Chinnusamy Palanivelu Ugo Boggi Thilo Hackert Hong-Jin Kim Xiao-Ying Wang Ming-Gen Hu Gi Hong Choi Fabrizio Panaro Jin He Mikhail Efanov Xiao-Yu Yin Roland S Croner Yu-Man Fong Ji-Ye Zhu Zheng Wu Chuan-Dong Sun Jae Hoon Lee Marco V Marino Iyer Shridhar Ganpati Peng Zhu Zi-Zheng Wang Ke-Hu Yang Jia Fan Xiao-Ping Chen Wan Yee Lau Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100000China Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Robotic&Laparoscopic SurgeryPoliambulanza Foundation HospitalBrescia 25100Italy Center for Advanced Treatment of HBP Diseases Ageo Central General HospitalSaitama 362-0075Japan Department of Surgery Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080South Korea gem Hospital&Research Centre GEM Hospital&Research CentreCoimbatore 641045India Division of General and Transplant Surgery University of PisaPisa 56126Italy Department of General Visceral and Thoracic SurgeryUniversity Hospital Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg 20251Germany Department of Surgery Yeungnam University HospitalDaegu 42415South Korea Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation Liver Cancer InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Department of SurgerySeverance HospitalYonsei UniversityCollege of MedicineSeoul 03722South Korea Department of Surgery/Division of Robotic and HBP Surgery Montpellier University Hospital-School of MedicineMontpellier 34090France Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21218United States Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Moscow Clinical Scientific CenterMoscow 111123Russia Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of General VisceralVascular and Transplant SurgeryUniversity Hospital MagdeburgMagdeburg 39120Germany Department of Surgery City of Hope Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010United States Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100000China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The Affiliated Ho

The robotic liver resection(RLR)has been increasingly applied in recent years and its benefits shown in some aspects owing to the technical advancement of robotic surgical system,however,controversies still *** on the foundation of the previous consensus statement,this new consensus document aimed to update clinical recommendations and provide guidance to improve the outcomes of RLR clinical *** guideline steering group and guideline expert group were formed by 29 international experts of liver surgery and evidence-based medicine(EBM).Relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed by the evidence evaluation *** to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development,the Guidance Principles of Development and Amendment of the Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment in China 2022,a total of 14 recommendations were *** them were 8 recommendations formulated by the GRADE method,and the remaining 6 recommendations were formulated based on literature review and experts’opinion due to insufficient EBM *** international experts consensus guideline offered guidance for the safe and effective clinical practice and the research direction of RLR in future.

关键词： Robotic liver resection Laparoscopic liver resection Guidelines Expert consensus

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