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Thornthwaite moisture index and depth of suction change under current and future climate‒An Australian study

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1761-1775页

作者： Md Rajibul Karim Bikash Devkota Md Mizanur Rahman Hoang Bao Khoi Nguyen UniSA STEM University of South AustraliaMawson Lakes CampusMawson LakesSouth Australia5095Australia

Climate change is one of the major global challenges and it can have a significant influence on the behaviour and resilience of geotechnical *** changes in moisture content in soil lead to effective stress changes and can be accompanied by significant volume changes in reactive/expansive *** volume change leads to ground movement and can exert additional stresses on structures founded on or within a shallow depth of such *** change is likely to amplify the ground movement potential and the associated problems are likely to *** effect of atmospheric boundary interaction on soil behaviour has often been correlated to Thornthwaite moisture index(TMI).In this study,the long-term weather data and anticipated future projections for various emission scenarios were used to generate a series of TMI maps for *** changes in TMI were then correlated to the depth of suction change(H s),an important input in ground movement *** all climate scenarios considered,reductions in TMI and increases in H s values were observed.A hypothetical design scenario of a footing on expansive soil under current and future climate is *** is observed that a design that might be considered adequate under the current climate scenario,may fail under future scenarios and accommodations should be made in the design for such events.

关键词： Climate change Future prediction Thornthwaite moisture index(TMI) Characteristic surface movement Infrastructure resilience

Transcranial photobiomodulation for the brain: a wide range of clinical applications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 483-484页

作者： Michael R.Hamblin Laser Research Centre Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of Johannesburg-Doornfontein CampusDoornfonteinSouth Africa

Photobiomodulation therapy(PBMT)is a rapidly growing approach to the healing,stimulation,protection,and regeneration of many human organs and tissue *** started in the 1960s as low-level laser therapy for wound healing,but since then the introduction of light-emitting diodes(LEDs)has dramatically increased the number of applications and reports of positive *** generally uses red(620-700 nm)and/or near-infrared(780-1270 nm)wavelengths of light at an intensity that causes no tissue heating,and its activity is based on well-established biological and cellular mechanisms(de Freitas and Hamblin,2016).While laser therapists continue to use various types of laser in their office practice,LEDs are ideally suited for home use devices because they are completely safe and without any known significant adverse *** the various body parts on which PBMT has been shown to exert beneficial effects,the brain stands out as perhaps the most promising *** has been shown to reduce neuroinflammation,while increasing mitochondrial function,oxygen consumption,and blood flow within the brain(Hamblin,2016).Moreover,PBMT can stimulate the processes of synaptogenesis,neurogenesis,and neuroplasticity thus helping the brain to heal itself.

关键词： healing stimulation wound

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AutoRhythmAI: A Hybrid Machine and Deep Learning Approach for Automated Diagnosis of Arrhythmias

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2137-2158页

作者： S.Jayanthi S.Prasanna Devi Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology-Vadapalani CampusChennaiTamil NaduIndia

In healthcare,the persistent challenge of arrhythmias,a leading cause of global mortality,has sparked extensive research into the automation of detection using machine learning(ML)***,traditional ML and AutoML approaches have revealed their limitations,notably regarding feature generalization and automation *** glaring research gap has motivated the development of AutoRhythmAI,an innovative solution that integrates both machine and deep learning to revolutionize the diagnosis of *** approach encompasses two distinct pipelines tailored for binary-class and multi-class arrhythmia detection,effectively bridging the gap between data preprocessing and model *** validate our system,we have rigorously tested AutoRhythmAI using a multimodal dataset,surpassing the accuracy achieved using a single dataset and underscoring the robustness of our *** the first pipeline,we employ signal filtering and ML algorithms for preprocessing,followed by data balancing and split for *** second pipeline is dedicated to feature extraction and classification,utilizing deep learning ***,we introduce the‘RRI-convoluted trans-former model’as a novel addition for binary-class *** ensemble-based approach then amalgamates all models,considering their respective weights,resulting in an optimal model *** our study,the VGGRes Model achieved impressive results in multi-class arrhythmia detection,with an accuracy of 97.39%and firm performance in precision(82.13%),recall(31.91%),and F1-score(82.61%).In the binary-class task,the proposed model achieved an outstanding accuracy of 96.60%.These results highlight the effectiveness of our approach in improving arrhythmia detection,with notably high accuracy and well-balanced performance metrics.

关键词： Automated machine learning neural networks deep learning arrhythmias

Quantum multicast based on joint remote state preparation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第10期76卷 41-56页

作者： Zhihua Zhang Beining Shen Hanchen Zhang Zhipeng Qiu Interdisciplinary Center for Fundamental and Frontier Sciences Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyJiangyin Campus School of Cyber Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyJiangyin Campus School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Science and Technology

Effective propagation of information among multiple users is the purpose of realizing large-scale quantum communication networks. In this paper, multicast protocols for any single, two and three qubits with real amplitude and complex phase information are presented. They were realized using a composite of Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger states as shared channels. Joint remote state preparation was the main method for completing quantum multicast. At the same time, quantum state tomography of the schemes was carried out on the IBM Quantum *** obtained states were compared with the target states by fidelity. The analysis of communication efficiency and noise effects shows that our protocol has advantages in the case of complex coefficients.

关键词： Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state joint remote state preparation quantum multicast quantum state tomography

Comparing Fine-Tuning, Zero and Few-Shot Strategies with Large Language Models in Hate Speech Detection in English

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2849-2868页

作者： Ronghao Pan JoséAntonio García-Díaz Rafael Valencia-García Departamento de Informática y Sistemas Universidad de MurciaCampus de EspinardoMurcia30100Spain

Large Language Models(LLMs)are increasingly demonstrating their ability to understand natural language and solve complex tasks,especially through text *** of the relevant capabilities is contextual learning,which involves the ability to receive instructions in natural language or task demonstrations to generate expected outputs for test instances without the need for additional training or gradient *** recent years,the popularity of social networking has provided a medium through which some users can engage in offensive and harmful online *** this study,we investigate the ability of different LLMs,ranging from zero-shot and few-shot learning to *** experiments show that LLMs can identify sexist and hateful online texts using zero-shot and few-shot approaches through information ***,it is found that the encoder-decoder model called Zephyr achieves the best results with the fine-tuning approach,scoring 86.811%on the Explainable Detection of Online Sexism(EDOS)test-set and 57.453%on the Multilingual Detection of Hate Speech Against Immigrants and Women in Twitter(HatEval)***,it is confirmed that the evaluated models perform well in hate text detection,as they beat the best result in the HatEval task *** error analysis shows that contextual learning had difficulty distinguishing between types of hate speech and figurative ***,the fine-tuned approach tends to produce many false positives.

关键词： Hate speech detection zero-shot few-shot fine-tuning natural language processing

Automatic area estimation of algal blooms in water bodies from UAV images using texture analysis

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 62-71页

作者： Ajmeria Rahul Gundu Lokesh Siddhartha Goswami R.N.Ponnalagu Radhika Sudha Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Birla Institute of Technology&SciencePilani Hyderabad CampusTelangana 500078India

Algal blooms,the spread of algae on the surface of water bodies,have adverse effects not only on aquatic ecosystems but also on human *** adverse effects of harmful algal blooms(HABs)necessitate a convenient solution for detection and *** aerial vehicles(UAVs)have recently emerged as a tool for algal bloom detection,efficiently providing on-demand images at high spatiotemporal *** study developed an image processing method for algal bloom area estimation from the aerial images(obtained from the internet)captured using *** a remote sensing method of HAB detection,analysis,and monitoring,a combination of histogram and texture analyses was used to efficiently estimate the area of *** features like entropy(using the Kullback-Leibler method)were emphasized with the aid of a gray-level co-occurrence *** results showed that the orthogonal images demonstrated fewer errors,and the morphological filter best detected algal blooms in real time,with a precision of 80%.This study provided efficient image processing approaches using on-board UAVs for HAB monitoring.

关键词： Algal bloom Image processing Texture analysis Histogram analysis Unmanned aerial vehicles

Inheritance of the exciton geometric structure from Bloch electrons in two-dimensional layered semiconductors

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第4期19卷 25-35页

作者： Jianju Tang Songlei Wang Hongyi Yu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Metrology and Sensing&School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University(Zhuhai Campus)Zhuhai 519082China State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Sun Yat-sen University(Guangzhou Campus)Guangzhou 510275China

We theoretically studied the exciton geometric structure in layered semiconducting transition metal *** on a three-orbital tight-binding model for Bloch electrons which incorporates their geometric structures,an effective exciton Hamiltonian is constructed and solved perturbatively to reveal the relation between the exciton and its electron/hole *** show that the electron−hole Coulomb interaction gives rise to a non-trivial inheritance of the exciton geometric structure from Bloch electrons,which manifests as a valley-dependent center-of-mass anomalous Hall velocity of the exciton when two external fields are applied on the electron and hole constituents,*** obtained center-of-mass anomalous velocity is found to exhibit a non-trivial dependence on the fields,as well as the wave function and valley index of the *** findings can serve as a general guide for the field-control of the valley-dependent exciton transport,enabling the design of novel quantum optoelectronic and valleytronic devices.

关键词： transition metal dichalcogenides exciton geometric structure Berry curvature van der Waals stacking

Feasibility of condensate water recycle of split air handling unit in Chinese University buildings

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第2期5卷 309-315页

作者： Xiang Deng Yiyun Shen Senwang Yang Jingyang Feng Si Wang Dongyue Li Yanru Li College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning Sichuan Agricultural UniversityDujiangyan CampusChengdu611130China

Recycling the condensate water of the air conditioner could be explored as an alternative water source to con-tribute to building the green *** paper explored the condensate water production through actual mea-surement based on a split air handling unit(SAHU)in a university ***,the statistical analysis was used to analyze the recycling feasibility and the impact factors of the condensate water production in 31 Chinese provincial capital cities to obtain the recycling potential map of the condensate water generated from a *** showed that:(1)In the measurement,the amount of condensate water produced by a single split air conditioner was 1.6 kg from 12:40 to 13:***,the daily output of condensate water of the air condi-tioner with the university operation schedule could reach 52.99 kg during the main air-conditioning season.(2)Among the 31 provincial capital cities in China,the largest condensate water outputs could be found in the Hot Summer and Warm Winter zone and the Hot Summer and Cold Winter zone,with an average monthly output of 1600 kg and 1100 kg,respectively.(3)Regression analysis showed that the dry-bulb temperature and dew point temperature of outdoor air had the highest positive and significant influence on condensate water *** objective of this study is to provide theoretical guidance for the design and energy conservation evaluation of the feasibility of SAHU condensate water recycling in universities.

关键词： Condensate water Recycling Regression analysis Split air handling unit University buildings

Peptide drugs: a new direction in cancer immunotherapy

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第3期21卷 198-203页

作者： Xinghua Sui Xiaoshuang Niu Xiuman Zhou Yanfeng Gao School of Pharmaceutical Sciences(Shenzhen) Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach in cancer treatment and is considered a major advancement after surgical interventions, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. The clinical use of im... 详细信息

关键词： drugs immunotherapy cancer

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