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Are treatment options used for adult-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus(equally)available and effective for children and adolescents?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 623-628页

作者： Nevena Krnic Vibor Sesa Anna Mrzljak Maja Cigrovski Berkovic Clinics for Pediatrics University Hospital Center ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia department of gastroenterology and hepatology University Hospital Centre ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia University of Zagreb School of Medicine Zagreb 10000Croatia department for Sport and Exercise Medicine University of Zagreb Faculty of KinesiologyZagreb 10000Croatia

Youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),influenced by an increase in obesity,is a rising problem *** mechanisms of this early-onset T2DM include both peripheral and hepatic insulin resistance,along with increa-sed hepatic fasting glucose production accompanied by inadequate first and second-phase insulin ***,the incretin effect is *** initial presentation of type 2 diabetes can be dramatic and symptoms may overlap with those of type 1 diabetes ***,immediate therapy should address hyperglycemia and associated metabolic derangements irrespective of ultimate diabetes type,while further therapy adjustments are prone to patients’*** agents with proven glycemic and beyond glycemia benefits,such as Glucagon-like polypeptide 1 receptor agonists and Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors,used in the adult population of T2DM patients,might become increasingly important in the treatment ***,metabolic surgery is an option for markedly obese(body mass index>35 kg/m^(2))children and adolescents suffering from T2DM who have uncontrolled glycemia and/or serious comorbidities when lifestyle and pharmacologic interventions *** this mini-review,we will discuss the potential of treatment options considering new data available from randomized control trials,including individuals with adult-onset type diabetes mellitus.

关键词： Youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus Treatment Complications Glucose lowering agents Extra-glycemic benefit

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Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A critical review

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 139-145页

作者： Wellington Andraus Francisco Tustumi Alexandre Chagas Santana Rafael Soares Nunes Pinheiro Daniel Reis Waisberg Liliana Ducatti Lopes Rubens Macedo Arantes Vinicius Rocha Santos Rodrigo Bronze de Martino Luiz Augusto Carneiro D’Albuquerque department of gastroenterology Transplantation UnitUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil

Background:Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(phCCC)is a dismal *** is no consensus regard-ing the best treatment for patients with unresectable *** present review aimed to gather the current pieces of evidence for liver transplantation and liver resection as a treatment for phCCC and to build better guidance for clinical *** sources:The search was conducted in PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,and *** related references were searched *** criteria were:reports in English or Portuguese literature that a)patients with confirmed diagnosis of phCCC;b)patients treated with a curative intent;c)patients with the outcomes of liver resection and liver *** reports,reviews,letters,editorials,conference abstracts and papers with full-text unavailability were excluded from the ***:Most of the current literature is based on observational retrospective studies with low grades of *** resection has better long-term outcomes than systemic chemotherapy or palliation ther-apy and liver transplantation is a good alternative for selected patients with unresectable *** candidates for resection or transplantation should be medically fit and free of intrahepatic or extrahep-atic *** a general rule,patients presenting with a tumor having a longitudinal size>3 cm or extending below the cystic duct,lymph node disease,confirmed extrahepatic dissemination;intraoper-atively diagnosed metastatic disease;a history of other malignancies within the last five years,and did not complete chemoradiation regimen and were medically unfit should not be considered for *** of these criteria should be individually *** transplantation or resection should only be considered in highly experienced hepatobiliary centers,and any decision-making must be based on a multidisciplinary ***:phCCC is a complex condition with high *** therapies,including hepatec-tomy and liv

关键词： Liver transplantation Cholangiocarcinoma Liver neoplasms

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Metabolic disease and the liver: A review

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World Journal of hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 33-40页

作者： Márcia Vargas Sheila de Castro Cardoso Toniasso Patricia G Riedel Camila Pereira Baldin Francielle Lopes dos Reis Robson Martins Pereira Maria Carlota Borba Brum Dvora Joveleviths Mario Reis Alvares-da-Silva Program of Graduate Science in gastroenterology and hepatology Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90040-060Rio Grande do SulBrazil School of Medicine Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90040-060Brazil Program of Graduate Science in gastroenterology and hepatology Clinicas Hospital of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90410000Brazil Medicine Faculty Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90040-060Brazil Division of gastroenterology and hepatology Clinicas Hospital of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035007Brazil

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is the most common liver disease worldwide,with an estimated prevalence of 31%in Latin *** presence of metabolic comorbidities coexisting with liver disease varies substantially among *** is acknowledged that obesity is boosting the type 2 diabetes mellitus“epidemic,”and both conditions are significant contributors to the increasing number of patients with *** steatohepatitis represents a condition of chronic liver inflammation and is considered the most severe form of *** diagnosis is based on the presence of steatosis,noninvasive scores and altered liver *** scores of liver fibrosis,such as serum biomarkers,which should be used in primary care to rule out advanced fibrosis,are simple,inexpensive,and widely ***,guidelines from international hepatology societies recommend using noninvasive strategies to simplify case finding and management of high-risk patients with MASLD in clinical ***,there is no definite pharmacological treatment for the *** public health policies to treat patients with risk factors for MASLD prevention is essential.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Primary care Metabolic risk Liver Metabolism

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Analysis of large datasets for identifying molecular targets in intestinal polyps and metabolic disorders

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BIOCELL 2024年第3期48卷 415-429页

作者： SHAN OU YUN XU QINGLAN LIU TIANWEN YANG WEI CHEN XIU YUAN XIN ZUO PENG SHI JIE YAO department of gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqingChina

Background:The interrelation between intestinal polyps,metabolic syndrome(MetS),and colorectal cancer(CRC)is a critical area of *** research focuses on pinpointing potential molecular targets to understand the link between intestinal polyp formation,metabolic irregularities,and CRC ***:We examined clinical samples from patients with intestinal polyps coexisting with MetS and compared them with samples from patients with standard intestinal *** sequencing and public database analysis were employed to identify significant pathways and *** targets were then validated through immunohistochemistry(IHC).Following the RNA interference of key target expression,a series of experiments,including the cell counting kit-8 assay,colony formation,wound healing,and Transwell assays,were ***:Comparative analysis revealed 75 up-regulated and 61 down-regulated differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in the MetS polyp group *** *** encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment suggested these DEGs were primarily associated with cell cycle and *** with comparative toxicogenomics database(CTD)and the cancer genome atlas(TCGA)databases highlighted 44 key CRC-related *** interaction networks indicated connections of purkinje cell protein 4(PCP4),olfactomedin 1(OLFM1),fibronectin 1(FN1),and transforming growth factor beta 3(TGF-β3)with the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)*** correlation studies suggested higher risk associations with FN1,PCP4,and TGF-β3,while OLFM1 was identified as a lower risk *** analysis revealed a decrease in OLFM1 in MetS-associated intestinal *** interference with OLFM1 in polyp epithelial cells,there was a significant enhancement in cell proliferation,colony formation,and cell migration and invasion ***:Our study highlights a significant decrease in OLFM1 expression in MetS-associated intestinal

关键词： Colorectal cancer Metabolic syndrome Intestinal polyp OLFM1 Exosome

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Outcomes of endoscopic sclerotherapy for jejunal varices at the site of choledochojejunostomy (with video): Three case reports

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 2059-2067页

作者： Jun Liu Peng Wang Li-Mei Wang Jing Guo Ning Zhong department of gastroenterology Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Hemorrhage associated with varices at the site of choledochojejunostomy is an unusual,difficult to treat,and often fatal manifestation of portal *** far,no treatment guidelines have been *** SUMMARY We reported three patients with jejunal varices at the site of choledochojejun-ostomy managed by endoscopic sclerotherapy with lauromacrogol/α-butyl cyanoacrylate injection at our institution between June 2021 and August *** reviewed all patient records,clinical presentation,endoscopic findings and treatment,outcomes and *** patients who underwent pancre-aticoduodenectomy with a Whipple anastomosis were examined using conven-tional upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for suspected hemorrhage from the afferent jejunal *** with stigmata of recent hemorrhage or active he-morrhage were observed around the choledochojejunostomy site in all three *** injection of lauromacrogol/α-butyl cyanoacrylate was carried out at jejunal varices for all three *** bleeding ceased and patency was observed for 26 and 2 months in two *** one patient with multiorgan failure and internal environment disturbance,rebleeding occurred 1 month after endoscopic sclerotherapy,and despite a second endoscopic sclero-therapy,repeated episodes of bleeding and multiorgan failure resulted in eventual *** We conclude that endoscopic sclerotherapy with lauromacrogol/α-butyl cyanoac-rylate injection can be an easy,effective,safe and low-cost treatment option for jejunal varicose bleeding at the site of choledochojejunostomy.

关键词： Endoscopic sclerotherapy Jejunal varices Choledochojejunostomy Portal vein hypertension Case report

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Success rate of current human-derived gastric cancer organoids establishment and influencing factors:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1626-1646页

作者： Kai-Lin Jiang Xiang-Xiang Wang Xue-Jiao Liu Li-Kun Guo Yong-Qi Chen Qing-Ling Jia Ke-Ming Yang Jiang-Hong Ling department of gastroenterology Shuguang HospitalShanghai 200021China department of Pathology Shuguang HospitalShanghai 200021China

BACKGROUND Human-derived gastric cancer organoids(GCOs)are widely used in gastric cancer research;however,the culture success rate is generally *** To explore the potential influencing factors,and the literature on successful culture rates of GCOs was reviewed using *** PubMed,Web of Science,and EMBASE were searched for *** trained researchers selected the studies and extracted *** 17.0 software was used for meta-analysis of the incidence of each outcome *** adjusted Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies scale was used to assess the quality of the included *** plots and Egger’s test were used to detect publication *** analyses were conducted for sex,tissue source,histo-logical classification,and the pathological tumor-node-metastasis(pTNM)cancer staging *** Eight studies with a pooled success rate of 66.6%were *** derived from women and men had success rates of 67%and 46.7%,*** from surgery or biopsy/endoscopic submucosal dissection showed success rates of 70.9%and 53.7%,*** of poorly-differentiated,moderately-differentiated and signet-ring cell cancer showed success rates of 64.6%,31%,and 32.7%,*** with pTNM stages I-II and III-IV showed success rates of 38.3%and 65.2%,respectively.Y-27632 and non-Y-27632 use showed success rates of 58.2%and 70%,*** generated with collagenase were more successful than those constructed with Liberase TH and TrypLE(72.1%vs 71%,respectively).EDTA digestion showed a 50%lower success rate than other methods(P=0.04).CONCLUSION GCO establishment rate is low and varies by sex,tissue source,histological type,and pTNM *** Y-27632,and using Liberase TH,TrypLE,or collagenase yields greater success than EDTA.

关键词： Gastric cancer organoids Human-derived organoids Gastric cancer Cell lines In vitro research models

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Double-nylon purse-string suture in closing postoperative wounds following endoscopic resection of large(≥3 cm)gastric submucosal tumors

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1143-1153页

作者： Shan-Shan Wang Meng-Yao Ji Xu Huang Yan-Xia Li Shi-Jie Yu Yu Zhao Lei Shen department of gastroenterology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430000Hubei provinceChina

BACKGROUND Endoscopic full-thickness resection(EFTR)of gastric submucosal tumors(SMTs)is safe and effective;however,postoperative wound management is equally *** on suturing following EFTR for large(≥3 cm)SMTs is scarce and *** To evaluate the efficacy and clinical value of double-nylon purse-string suture in closing postoperative wounds following EFTR of large(≥3 cm)*** We retrospectively analyzed the data of 85 patients with gastric SMTs in the fundus of the stomach or in the lesser curvature of the gastric body whose wounds were treated with double-nylon purse-string sutures after successful tumor resection at the Endoscopy Center of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan *** operative,postoperative,and follow-up conditions of the patients were *** All tumors were completely resected using EFTR.36(42.35%)patients had tumors located in the fundus of the stomach,and 49(57.65%)had tumors located in the body of the *** patients underwent suturing with double-nylon sutures after EFTR without laparoscopic assistance or further surgical *** fever and stomach pain were reported in 13(15.29%)and 14(16.47%)patients,*** serious adverse events occurred during the intraoperative or postoperative periods.A postoperative review of all patients revealed no residual or recurrent *** Double-nylon purse-string sutures can be used to successfully close wounds that cannot be completely closed with a single nylon suture,especially for large(≥3 cm)EFTR wounds in SMTs.

关键词： Endoscopic full-thickness resection Purse-string suture Postoperative wounds Submucosal tumors

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Characteristics of early gastric tumors with different differentiation and predictors of long-term outcomes after endoscopic submucosal dissection

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1990-2005页

作者： Hong-Yi Zhu Jie Wu Yuan-Miao Zhang Fang-Lan Li Jin Yang Bin Qin Jiong Jiang Ning Zhu Meng-Yao Chen Bai-Cang Zou department of gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina department of Pathology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710004Shaanxi ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an UniversityXianyang 712000Shaanxi ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology The First Hospital of Xi'anXi'an 710000Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract,and endosco-pic submucosal dissection(ESD)is the preferred treatment for early-stage gastric *** analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of gastric mucosal tumors with different differentiation degrees and the influencing factors of long-term ESD efficacy may have certain significance for revealing the development of gastric cancer and *** To analyze the features of gastric mucosal tumors at different differentiation levels,and to explore the prognostic factors of *** We retrospectively studied 301 lesions in 285 patients at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from 2014 to 2021,according to the latest Japanese guidelines(sixth edition),and divided them into low-grade intrae-pithelial neoplasia(LGIN),high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(HGIN),and computed tomography at 3,6 and 12 months after *** compared clinicopathologic characteristics,ESD efficacy,and complications with different degrees of differentiation,and analyzed the related factors associated with *** HGIN and differentiated carcinoma patients were significantly older compared with LGIN patients(P<0.001)and accounted for more 0-IIc(P<0.001),atrophic gastritis was common(P<0.001),and irregular microvascular patterns(IMVPs)and demarcation lines(DLs)were more obvious(P<0.001).There was more infiltration in the undifferentiated carcinoma tissue(P<0.001),more abnormal folds and poorer mucosal peristalsis(P<0.001),and more obvious IMVPs,irregular microsurface patterns and DLs(P<0.05)than in the LGIN and HGIN *** disease-free survival rates at 2,5,and 8 years after ESD were 95.0%,90.1%,and 86.9%,***-tiated lesions(HR 5.066),white moss(HR 7.187),incomplete resection(HR 3.658),and multiple primary cancers(HR 2.462)were significantly associated with poor *** Differentiations of gastric mucosal tumors have different epidemiological and

关键词： Gastric mucosal epithelial neoplasia Differentiated early gastric cancer Undifferentiated early gastric cancer Endoscopic submucosal dissection Long-term outcomes

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Use of curcumin and its nanopreparations in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 280-282页

作者： Zi-Wen Meng Bing Chang Li-Xuan Sang department of gastroenterology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110022Liaoning ProvinceChina department of gastroenterology the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001Liaoning ProvinceChina

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a nonspecific inflammatory disease of the intestine that includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative *** IBD is difficult to heal and easily relapses,it could worsen patient quality of life and increase economic ***(CUR)is a bioactive component derived from the rhizome of turmeric(Curcuma longa).Many basic and clinical studies have shown that CUR can efficiently treat IBD by decreasing the activity of proinflammatory cytokines by communicating with transcription factors and signaling ***,due to the limitations of being almost insoluble in aqueous solutions and having low oral bioavailability,it is important to select appropriate pharmaceutical preparations.

关键词： Curcumin Inflammatory bowel disease Bioavailability Nanotherapeutics

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Clinical application of COVID-19 vaccine in liver transplant recipients

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 339-343页

作者： Feng-Chao Liu Man Xie Wei Rao Division of hepatology Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000China Organ Transplantation Center The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000China Institute of Organ Donation and Transplantation of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000China department of gastroenterology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000China

Background:Solid organ transplant(SOT)activities,such as liver transplant,have been greatly influenced by the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Immunosuppressed individuals of liver transplant recipients(LTRs)tend to have a high risk of COVID-19 infection and related ***,COVID-19 vaccination has been recommended to be administered as early as possible in *** sources:The keywords“liver transplant”,“SARS-CoV-2”,and“vaccine”were used to retrieve articles published in ***:The antibody response following the 1st and 2nd doses of vaccination was disappointingly low,and the immune responses among LTRs remarkably improved after the 3rd or 4th dose of *** the 3rd or 4th dose of COVID-19 vaccine increased the antibody titer,a proportion of patients remained ***,recent studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 vaccine could trigger adverse events in LTRs,including allograft rejection and liver ***:This review provides the recently reported data on the antibody response of LTRs following various doses of vaccine,risk factors for poor serological response and adverse events after vaccination.

关键词： Liver transplant COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Antibody response

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