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Longitudinal changes in body weight of breastfeeding mothers in the first year after delivery and its relationship with human milk composition:a combined longitudinal and cross-sectional cohort study

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 254-264页

作者： Huijuan Ruan Yajie Zhang Qingya Tang Xuan Zhao Xuelin Zhao Yi Xiang Wei Geng Yi Feng Wei Cai Department of clinical nutrition Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition Shanghai Institute of Pediatric ResearchShanghai 200092China Department of Pediatric Surgery Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China

Objective:Postpartum weight retention(PPWR)is a common problem among women after *** main objectives of this study are to understand the changes in body weight of breastfeeding mothers during long-term follow-up and preliminarily explore the relationship between maternal body weight and human milk composition,including macronutrients,leptin,and ***:The study included a longitudinal cohort(122 mothers),and a cross-sectional cohort(37 mothers).The human milk,maternal weight,and dietary surveys were collected in the longitudinal cohort at different follow-up time points(1-14 days postpartum,2-4 months postpartum,5-7 months postpartum,and 12-17 months postpartum).The maternal body weight was analyzed using the responses in the survey questionnaires.A milk analyzer based on the mid-infrared spectroscopy(MIRS)was used to determine milk composition,and nutrition analysis software evaluated dietary *** the cross-sectional cohort,participating mothers were asked to provide blood and human milk samples and pertinent information related to maternal body *** body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA),while ELISA analyzed leptin and adiponectin in milk and ***:At 5-7 months postpartum,the PPWR of breastfeeding mothers was(2.46±3.59)*** 12-17 months postpartum,the PPWR was(0.98±4.06)*** was found to be negatively correlated with milk fat content within 14 days postpartum and positively correlated at 2-4 months *** addition,the maternal weight and body muscle mass were positively correlated with leptin and adiponectin in *** leptin was positively correlated with the mother’s body weight,body mass index(BMI),FAT percentage,and body fat mass,while plasma adiponectin did not correlate with any *** results also indicate that the PPWR did not correlate with leptin and adiponectin in plasma or ***:Breastfeeding mothers may retain considerable weight gai

关键词： Human milk Milk composition Body weight Body mass index(BMI) Weight gain Postpartum weight retention

Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocytes promote intestinal injury in severe acute pancreatitis by mediating enteric pyroptosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 300-309页

作者： Qing Huang Jia-Wen Liu Hai-Bin Dong Zheng-Jie Wei Jin-Zhe Liu Yu-Tang Ren Xuan Jiang Bo Jiang Department of gastroenterology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China

Background:Visceral adipose tissue(VAT)has been linked to the severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)prognosis,although the underlying mechanism remains *** has been reported that pyroptosis worsens *** present study aimed to verify whether mesenteric adipose tissue(MAT,a component of VAT)can cause secondary intestinal injury through the pyroptotic ***:Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were divided into six different *** rats were randomly divided into the SAP and control *** monitored the changes of MAT and B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT of SAP *** SAP rats were injected with MAT B lymphocytes or phosphate buffer solution(PBS).The remaining twelve SAP rats were first injected with MAT B lymphocytes,and then with MCC950(NLRP3 inhibitor)or *** collected blood and tissue samples from pancreas,gut and MAT for ***:Compared to the control rats,the SAP group showed inflammation in MAT,including higher expression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6),lower expression of IL-10,and histological *** cytometry analysis revealed B lymphocytes infiltration in MAT but not T lymphocytes and *** SAP rats also exhibited intestinal injury,characterized by lower expression of zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and occludin,higher levels of lipopolysaccharide and diamine oxidase,and pathological *** expression of NLRP3 and n-GSDMD,which are responsible for pyroptosis,was increased in the intestine of SAP *** injection of MAT B lymphocytes into SAP rats exacerbated the inflammation in *** upregulation of pyroptosis reduced tight junction in the intestine,which contributed to the SAP progression,including higher inflammatory indicators and worse histological *** administration of MCC950 to SAP+MAT B rats downregulated pyroptosis,which subsequently improved the intestinal barrier and ameliorated inflammatory response of ***:In SAP,MAT B lymphocytes aggravated local

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Mesenteric adipose tissue B lymphocyte Intestinal barrier Pyroptosis

Vitamin A deficiency suppresses CEACAM1 to impair colonic epithelial barrier function via downregulating microbial-derived short-chain fatty acids

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 1066-1081页

作者： Junyan Yan Lu Xiao Di Feng Baolin Chen Ting Yang Bei Tong Ruifang Luo Yuting Wang Jie Chen Children nutrition Research Center Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and HealthMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersChongqing 401122China Department of gastroenterology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401122China

Vitamin A (VA) plays an essential role in modulating both the gut microbiota and gut barrier ***-chain fatty acids (SCFAs),as metabolites of the gut microbiota,protect the physiological intestinal barrier;however,they are compromised when VA is ***,there is an urgent need to understand how and which SCFAs modulate colonic epithelial barrier integrity in VA deficiency (VAD).Herein,compared with normal VA rats (VAN),at the beginning of pregnancy,we confirmed that the colonic desmosome junction was impaired in the VAD group,and the amounts of acetate,propionate,and butyrate declined because of the decreased abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria (Romboutsia ,Collinsella ,and Allobaculum ).The differentially expressed genes correlated with the gut barrier and the histone deacetylase complex between the VAD and VAN groups were enriched by RNA *** the VAD group,the expression levels of colonic CEA cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) were down-regulated,and the levels of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and HDAC3 were ***,the above changes in the VAD groups were rescued by VA supplementation in the early postnatal *** study indicated that in Caco-2 cells,butyrate treatment significantly repressed the enrichment of HDAC3 on the promoter of the CEACAM1 gene to induce its *** findings support that butyrate intervention can alleviate the impairment of colonic barrier function caused by VAD,and timely postnatal VA intervention may reverse the damage caused by VAD on gut barrier integrity during pregnancy.

关键词： CEACAM1 Colonic epithelial barrier HDAC3 Short-chain fatty acids Vitamin A deficiency

Visceral adipose tissue predicts severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis in obese patients

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 458-462页

作者： Yuan Tian Qing Huang Yu-Tang Ren Xuan Jiang Bo Jiang Department of gastroenterology Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 102218China

Acute pancreatitis is a common systemic inflammatory disease, manifested by a spectrum of severity, ranging from mild in the majority of patients to severe acute pancreatitis. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis suffer from severe local and systemic complications and organ failure, leading to a poor prognosis. The early recognition of the severe condition is important to improve prognosis. Obesity has risen in tandem with an increase in the severity of acute pancreatitis in recent years. Studies have revealed that adipose tissue, particularly visceral adipose tissue is associated with the prognosis of acute pancreatitis. This review discussed the role of visceral adipose tissue in obese patients with acute pancreatitis and explored the possible mechanism involved.

关键词： Visceral adipose tissue Obesity Acute pancreatitis

Emerging role of regulated cell death in intestinal failure-associated liver disease

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 228-233页

作者： Si-Yang Cheng Lu Jiang Ying Wang Wei Cai Department of Pediatric Surgery Xinhua HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition Shanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research Shanghai 200092China Division of Pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition Xinhua HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092China

Intestinal failure-associated liver disease(IFALD)is a common complication of long-term parenteral nutrition that is associated with significant morbidity and *** is mainly characterized by cholestasis in children and steatohepatitis in ***,there is no effective approach to prevent or reverse the *** cell death(RCD)represents a fundamental biological paradigm that determines the outcome of a variety of liver *** cell death is reclassified into several types,based on the mechanisms and morphological *** evidence has linked different modes of RCD,such as apoptosis,necroptosis,ferroptosis,and pyroptosis to the pathogenesis of liver *** studies have shown that different modes of RCD are present in animal models and patients with *** the pathogenic roles of cell death may help uncover the underlying mechanisms and develop novel therapeutic strategies in *** this review,we discuss the current knowledge on how RCD may link to the pathogenesis of *** highlight examples of cell death-targeted interventions aiming to attenuate the disease,and provide perspectives for future basic and translational research in the field.

关键词： Parenteral nutrition Apoptosis Necroptosis Cholestasis Steatosis

Exploiting open source omics data to advance pancreas research

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Journal of Pancreatology 2024年第1期7卷 21-27页

作者： Gayathri Swaminathan Toshie Saito Sohail Z.Husain Division of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA

The"omics"revolution has transformed the biomedical research landscape by equipping scientists with the ability to interrogate complex biological phenomenon and disease processes at an unprecedented *** volume of"big"data generated by the different omics studies such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics has led to the concurrent development of computational tools to enable in silico analysis and aid data *** the intensive resources and high costs required to generate and analyze big data,there has been centralized,collaborative efforts to make the data and analysis tools freely available as"Open Source,"to benefit the wider research *** research studies have contributed to this"big data rush"and have additionally benefitted from utilizing the open source data as evidenced by the increasing number of new research findings and publications that stem from such *** this review,we briefly introduce the evolution of open source omics data,data types,the"FAIR"guiding principles for data management and reuse,and centralized platforms that enable free and fair data accessibility,availability,and provide tools for omics data *** illustrate,through the case study of our own experience in mining pancreatitis omics data,the power of repurposing open source data to answer translationally relevant questions in pancreas research.

关键词： Gene expression Omics Open source data Pancreatitis

Autoimmune gastritis studies and gastric cancer: True renaissance or bibliometric illusion

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第32期30卷 3783-3790页

作者： Vasily Isakov Department of gastroenterology and Hepatology Federal Research Center of NutritionBiotechnology and Food SafetyMoscow 115446Russia

A bibliometric analysis of studies dedicated to autoimmune gastritis(AIG)recently published demonstrated a noteworthy surge in publications over the last three *** can be explained by numerous publications from different regions of the world reporting the results of several studies that stimulated reassessment of our view of AIG as a precancerous ***-up studies and retrospective analyses showed that the risk of gastric cancer(GC)in AIG patients is much lower than expected if the patients ever being infected with Helicobacter pylori(***)were *** low prevalence of precancerous lesions,such as the incomplete type of intestinal metaplasia,may explain the low risk of GC in AIG patients because the spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia commonly observed in AIG does not involve clonal reprogramming of the gastric gland and can be considered as an adaptive change rather than a true precancerous ***,changes in gastric secretion due to the progression of gastric atrophy during the course of AIG cause changes in the gastric microbiome,stimulating the growth of bacterial species such as streptococci,which may promote the development of precancerous lesions and ***,Streptococcus anginosus exhibited a robust proinflammatory response and induced the gastritis-atrophy-metaplasia-dysplasia sequence in mice,reproducing the wellestablished process for carcinogenesis associated with *** studies in ***-naïve patients evaluating gastric microbiome changes during the long-term course of AIG might provide an explanation for the enigmatic increase in GC incidence in the last decades in younger cohorts,which has been reported in economically developed countries.

关键词： Autoimmune gastritis Gastric cancer Type 1 neuroendocrine tumors Helicobacter pylori Streptococcus anginosus Intestinal metaplasia

MicroRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment:Charting the path forward

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1470-1474页

作者： Hong T Lin Antonio F Alvarez Castaneda Somashekar G Krishna Khalid Mumtaz Division of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are recognized for their involvement in the regulation of gene expression and exhibit significant potential in both the prognostic assessment and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC,like other tumors,seldom occurs in isolation;instead,it evolves within a microenvironment featuring oncogenic and tumor-suppressive *** combined with suitable delivery vehicles,miRNA technology provides the capability to directly engage with these elements,thereby hindering tumor formation and *** research in this domain holds the promise of enabling a more efficacious and multi-modal treatment approach for HCC in the near future.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Tumor microenvironment MicroRNA Mesenchymal stem cell Exosome

Defining failure of endoluminal biliary drainage in the era of endoscopic ultrasound and lumen apposing metal stents

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第29期30卷 3534-3537页

作者： Faisal S Ali Sushovan Guha Department of gastroenterology Hepatologyand NutritionUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHustonTX 77054United States Department of clinical Sciences Tilman J.Fertitta Family College of MedicineUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX 77204United States

The role of endoscopy in pathologies of the bile duct and gallbladder has seen notable advancements over the past two *** advancements in stent technology,such as the development of lumen-apposing metal stents,and adoption of endoscopic ultrasound and electrosurgical principles in therapeutic endoscopy,what was once considered endoscopic failure has transformed into failure of an approach that could be salvaged by a second-or third-line endoscopic *** of these advancements in routine patient care will require formal training and multidisciplinary acceptance of established techniques and collaboration for advancement of experimental techniques to generate robust evidence that can be utilized to serve patients to the best of our ability.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Guided biliary drainage Gallbladder Biliary obstruction Lumen-apposing metal stent