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Understanding the deterrence effect of punishment for marine information security policies non-compliance

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第1期9卷 9-12页

作者： Xiaolong Wang Changlin Wang Tianyu Yi Wenli Li school of Economics and Management Binzhou UniversityBinzhou256600China school of business Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China school of Economics and Management Dalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China

In the organizational setting of marine engineering,a significant number of information security incidents have been arised from the employees’failure to comply with the information security policies(ISPs).This may be treated as a principal-agent problem with moral hazard between the employer and the employee for the practical compliance effort of an employee is not observable without high cost-.On the other hand,according to the deterrence theory,the employer and the employee are inherently self-interested *** is worth examining to what extent the employee is self-interested in the marine ISPs compliance ***,it is important to clarify the proper degree of severity of punishment in terms of the deterrent *** this study,a marine ISPs compliance game model has been proposed to evaluate the deterrence effect of punishment on the non-compliance behavior of employee *** is found that in a non-punishment contract,the employee will decline to comply with the marine ISPs;but in a punishment contract,appropriate punishment will lead her to select the marine ISPs compliance effort level expected by the employer,and cause no potential backfire effect.

关键词： Deterrence mechanism Marine engineering Information security policies Non-compliance behavior Principal-agent model with moral hazard Punishment

Quality disclosure strategies for small business enterprises under consumer loss aversion

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Journal of Management Science and Engineering 2024年第1期9卷 62-87页

作者： Danli Yao Simai He Meng Zheng business school University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China school of Information Management and Engineering Shanghai University of Finance and EconomicsShanghai200433China

In this paper,we focus on small business enterprises(SBEs)that usually have low market power but can rely on retailers to transact sales and gain the ability to disclose quality ***,consumer loss aversion(CLA)is pronounced when buying from SBEs that have yet to develop a strong reputation and uncertain *** focus on two competing SBEs with heterogeneous quality levels and discuss their quality disclosure strategiesd whether selling through a retailerd in the context of *** study the interaction between consumers'prior belief in product quality and CLA and how these factors affect equilibrium *** show that a situation in which low-quality and high-quality SBEs both choose to disclose will not occur under a neutral consumer attitude,i.e.,it happens only when the aversion level is *** the aversion level is low,either the low-quality SBE or the high-quality SBE will decide to disclose,and the disclosing party depends on the prior *** addition,CLA significantly impacts the monotonicity of both SBEs'and retailers'prices and profits relating to the consumers'prior beliefs.

关键词： Quality disclosure Consumer loss aversion Competition Game theory

Should Low-Frequency-High-Consumption Enterprises Add Online-to-Offline Platforms?An Empirical Study Using the VAR Model

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2024年第1期12卷 81-95页

作者： Wei LI Ying LIU Haizhen YANG Sha ZHANG Binhong XU school of Economics and Management Univeristy of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China school of business University of Chinese Academy of Social SciencesBeijing 102488China

This study investigates the impact of online-to-offline(O2O)platforms,such as *** and Meituan,on offline sales in low-frequency-high-consumption industries,specifically a mid-to-highend liquor distribution *** data from 77 offline stores in Beijing collected during 2019-2022,the study employs a VAR model to analyze the relationship between offline sales and the use of O2O *** results reveal a long-term equilibrium between the two,with most indicators showing a positive impact of O2O platforms on offline *** research provides valuable insights for lowfrequency-high-consumption enterprises in making multi-channel decisions and quantifies the impact of O2O platforms on offline sales.

关键词： O2O platform low-frequency-high-consumption liquor distribution chain enterprise store sales VAR model

Evolution and Determinants of Population Agglomeration in Less Developed Metropolitan Areas:A Case Study of the Taiyuan Metropolitan Area,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第4期34卷 739-751页

作者： QIN Zhiqin LIANG Ye AN Shuwei DOU Yongjing school of Economics and Management Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030031China school of Urban Economics and Public Affairs Capital University of Economics and BusinessBeijing 100070China school of Geography Science Taiyuan Normal UniversityJinzhong 030619China

It is of importance to enhance the urban areas'capacity for population aggregation in underdeveloped regions,aiming to rectify the imbalanced and insufficient pattern of economic development in *** the Taiyuan Metropolitan Area(TMA)in central China as a case study,this paper examines the evolutionary process and characteristics of population agglomeration from 2000 to 2020,and identifies factors associated with agglomeration and their spatial *** findings indicated that:1)against the background of sustained population shrinkage in the provincial area,the TMA showed a demographic trend of steady increase,albeit with a decelerated growth *** the metropolitan area,urban population size continued to grow rapidly,whereas the rural areas endured sustained *** in city size continued to widen,and the polarization of concentrated population in the core cities kept increasing.2)Agglomerations in both secondary and service industries had significant positive effects on local population agglomeration,with the former effect being *** economic development,government fiscal expenditure,and financial advancement all contributed to facilitating local population *** a spatial spillover perspective,service agglomeration and financial development promoted population agglomeration in surrounding ***,fiscal expenditure inhibited such *** for industrial agglomeration and regional economic development,their spatial spillover effects were *** results obtained reveal several policy implications aimed at enhancing the population agglomeration capacity of the metropolitan area in underdeveloped regions during the new era.

关键词： population agglomeration population shrinkage spatial spillover effects Taiyuan Metropolitan Area(TMA) China

Semi-Varying Coefficient Panel Data Model with Technical Indicators Predicts Stock Returns in Financial Market

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第4期37卷 1638-1652页

作者： HU Xuemei PAN Ying LI Xiang school of Mathematics and Statistics Chongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400067China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Social Economy and Applied Statistics Chongqing 400067China Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtse River Chongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400067China

Accurately predicting stock returns is a conundrum in financial *** this conundrum can bring huge economic benefits for investors and also attract the attention of all circles of *** this paper the authors combine semi-varying coefficient model with technical analysis and statistical learning,and propose semi-varying coefficient panel data model with individual effects to explore the dynamic relations between the stock returns from five companies:CVX,DFS,EMN,LYB,and MET and five technical indicators:CCI,EMV,MOM,ln ATR,ln RSI as well as closing price(ln CP),combine semi-parametric fixed effects estimator,semi-parametric random effects estimator with the testing procedure to distinguish fixed effects(FE) from random effects(RE),and finally apply the estimated dynamic relations and the testing set to predict stock returns in December 2020 for the five *** proposed method can accommodate the varying relationship and the interactive relationship between the different technical indicators,and further enhance the prediction accuracy to stock returns.

关键词： Fixed effects random effects semi-varying coefficient panel data model stock returns technical indicators

Research on the Relationship Between Environmental and Economic Coupling Systems in Bohai Bay Area Based on a Vector Autoregression(VAR)Model

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 557-566页

作者： CAO Huimin WANG Ping ZHANG Surong XU Dongpo TIAN Weijun Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China business school Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266100China

This study analyzed the impact of land-based contaminants and tertiary industrial structure on economic development in the selected Bohai Bay area,*** on panel data spanning 2011-2020,a vector autoregressive(VAR)model is used to analyze and forecast the short-run and long-run relationships between three industrial structures,pollutant discharge,and economic *** results showed that the environmental index had a long-term cointegration relationship with the industrial structure economic *** capital chemical oxygen demand(PCOD)and per capita ammonia nitrogen(PNH_(3)N)had a positive impact on delta per capita GDP(dPGDP),while per capita solid waste(PSW),the secondary industry rate(SIR)and delta tertiary industry(dTIR)had a negative impact on *** VAR model under this coupling system had stability and *** impulse response results showed that the short-term effect of the coupling system on dPGDP was basically consistent with the Granger causality test *** addition,variance decomposition was used in this study to predict the long-term impact of the coupling system in the next ten periods(i.e.,ten years).It was found that dTIR had a great impact on dPGDP,with a contribution rate as high as 74.35%in the tenth period,followed by the contribution rate of PCOD up to 3.94%,while the long-term contribution rates of PSW,SIR and PNH3N were all less than 1%.The results show that the government should support the development of the tertiary industry to maintain the vitality of economic development and prevent environmental deterioration.

关键词： Bohai Bay area environmental pollution industrial structure cointegration theory VAR model impulse response

A Tale of Two“Skewness”:Managerial Epidemic Experience,Probability Weighting and Financial Market Stability

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Social Sciences in China 2024年第1期45卷 157-181页

作者： Gu Leilei Ni Xiaoran Peng Yuchao business school Central University of Finance and Economics school of Economics Xiamen University school of Finance and Belt&Road Finance Institute Central University of Finance and Economics

Under probability weighting,entrepreneurs with skewness preference tend to seek rightskewed and avoid left-skewed *** show that Chinese firms managed by CEOs with professional epidemic experience,i.e.,who previously experienced the outbreak of SARS during their tenure as high level executives,have a lower stock price crash risk measured by the negative skewness of stock prices in subsequent *** particular,those firms intentionally avoid stock price crashes by adopting more conservative strategies in ***,we provide the first evidence on the unintended effect of entrepreneurs'subjective judgments of the probabilities of disease outbreaks on financial market *** have long-term implications for the financial system.

关键词： SARS epidemic experience probability weighting skewness preference stock price crash risk

Value-added Tax and Leverage:Evidence from China's Value-added Tax Rate Reform

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 200-234页

作者： Hongsheng Fang Lexin Zhao Xiufen Liu school of Economics and Institute for Fiscal Big-Data and PolicyZhejiang UniversityChina school of Economics Zhejiang UniversityChina school of business Hangzhou City UniversityChina

This paper uses China's value-added tax(VAT)rate reform as a quasi-natural experiment to identify the impacts of VAT rate shocks on corporate financial *** results indicate that the reform reduced corporate total leverage *** was a decrease in short-term leverage,but long-term leverage showed no significant *** results remained robust across a series of robustness *** analysis shows that increasing profitability and improving cash flows acted as intermediary channels for the reform's impact on *** reform also contributed to the mitigation of the asset–liability mismatch problem and the reduction of debt risk,while having no apparent impact on corporate ***,enterprises with more elastic demand and those with lower intermediate input ratios were affected most by the deleveraging effect of the VAT rate *** study suggests how the VAT rate cut shaped corporate capital *** thus helps to explain the economic consequences of VAT rate shocks.

关键词： asset-liability ratio capital structure tax reduction VAT rate reform

Complementary monogamy and polygamy properties among multipartite systems

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 207-213页

作者：李陶周静怡孙琪靳志祥梁登峰罗婷 school of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China school of Computer Science and Techonology Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China People's Public Security University of China Academy of Information Network SecurityBeijing 100038China

Monogamy and polygamy relations are essential properties of quantum entanglement,which characterize the distributions of entanglement in multipartite *** this paper,we establish the general monogamy relations forγ-th(0≤γ≤α,α≥1)power of quantum entanglement based on unified-(q,s)entanglement and polygamy relations forδ-th(δ≥β,0≤β≤1)power of entanglement of assistance based on unified-(q,s)entanglement of assistance,which provides a complement to the previous research in terms of different parameter regions ofγandδ.These results are then applied to specific quantum correlations,e.g.,entanglement of formation,Renyi-q entanglement of assistance and Tsallis-q entanglement of assistance to get the corresponding monogamy and polygamy ***,typical examples are presented for illustration.

关键词： monogamy relation polygramy relation