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Temperature and structure measurements of heavy-ion-heated diamond using in situ X-ray diagnostics

Matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 80-89页

作者： J.Lutgert P.Hesselbach M.Schorner V.Bagnoud r.Belikov P.Drechsel B.Heuser O.SHumphries P.Katrik B.Lindqvist C.Qu r.redmer D.riley G.Schaumann S.Schumacher A.Tauschwitz D.Varentsov K.Weyrich X.Yu B.Zielbauer Zs.Major P.Neumayer D.Kraus Institut fur Physik Universitat RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str.2318059 RostockGermany gsi helmholtzzentrum fur schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany Institut für Angewandte Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainMax-von-Laue-Str.160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institut fur Geowissenschaften Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am MainAltenhoferallee 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-rossendorf Bautzner Landstr.40001328 DresdenGermany European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastUniversity RoadBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtSchlossgartenstr.964289 DarmstadtGermany State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Institute of Heavy Ion PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Helmholtz Institut Jena Frobelstieg 307743 JenaGermany

We present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heatedwith an intense pulse of heavy *** this way,we determine the samples’heating dynamics and their microscopic and macroscopic structuralintegrity over a timespan of several *** the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functionaltheory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temperatures around 1300 K,in agreement with predictions fromstopping power *** simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric graphitization of the material,butdo indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond *** experiments pave the way for future studies at the Facility for Antiproton andIon research,where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available.

关键词： heated intense structure

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review of accelerator driven heavy ion nuclear fusion

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Matter and radiation at Extremes 2018年第1期3卷 1-11页

作者： Ingo Hofmann gsi helmholtzzentrum fur schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstr64291 DarmstadtGermany

Using high energy accelerators for energy production by nuclear fission goes back to the 1950's with plans for“breeder accelerators”as well as with early ideas on subcritical reactors,which are currently pursued in China and other ***,fusion came in,when the idea emerged in the mid 1970's to use accelerators and their highly time and space compressed beams in order to generate the extremely high density and temperatures required for inertial fusion energy *** to the higher repetition rates and efficiencies of accelerators,this was seen as a promising alternative to using high power *** an introduction to nuclear fission applications of accelerators,this review summarizes some of the scientific developments directed towards this challenging application e with focus on the European HIDIF-study-and outlines parameters of future high energy density experiments after construction of the FAIr/Germany and HIAF/China heavy ion accelerator projects.

关键词： repetition accelerator heavy

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Accelerating ions with high-energy short laser pulses from submicrometer thick targets

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2016年第4期4卷 1-8页

作者： F.Wagner C.Brabetz O.Deppert M.roth T.Stohlker An.Tauschwitz A.Tebartz B.Zielbauer V.Bagnoud gsi helmholtzzentrum für schwerionenforschung GmbH Helmholtz Institut Jena Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universitat Darmstadt Institute for Theoretical Physics Frankfurt University

Using the example of the PHELIX high-energy short pulse laser we discuss the technical preconditions to investigate ion acceleration with submicrometer thick targets. We show how the temporal contrast of this system was improved to prevent pre-ionization of such targets on the nanosecond timescale. furthermore the influence of typical fluctuations or uncertainties of the on-target intensity on ion acceleration experiments is discussed. We report how these uncertainties were reduced by improving the assessment and control of the on-shot intensity and by optimizing the positioning of the target into the focal plane. Finally we report on experimental results showing maximum proton energies in excess of 85 MeV for ion acceleration via the target normal sheath acceleration mechanism using target thicknesses on the order of one micrometer.

关键词： high-power laser technique laser-ion acceleration relativistic laser plasma interaction target normal sheath acceleration temporal contrast

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利用强子探针研究奇特原子核的点质子分布半径及强子探针效应

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Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1647-1652页

作者：张寂潮孙保华 Isao Tanihata rituparna Kanungo Christoph Scheidenberger Satoru Terashima 王枫 Frederic Ameil Joel Atkinson Yassid Ayyad Soumya Bagchi Dolores Cortina-Gil Iris Dillmann Alfredo Estradé Alexey Evdokimov Fabio Farinon Hans Geissel Giulia Guastalla rudolf Janik Satbir Kaur ronja Knöbel Jan Kurcewicz Yury Litvinov Michele Marta Magdalena Mostazo Ivan Mukha Chiara Nociforo Hooi Jin Ong Stephane Pietri Andrej Prochazka Branislav Sitar Peter Strmen Maya Takechi Junki Tanaka Jossitt Vargas Helmut Weick John Stuart Winfield School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China research Center for Nuclear Physics(rCNP) Osaka UniversityOsaka 567-0047Japan Astronomy and Physics Department Saint Mary’s UniversityHalifax B3H 3C3Canada TrIUMF Vancouver V6T 4A3Canada gsi helmholtzzentrum für schwerionenforschung Darmstadt D-64291Germany Justus-Liebig University Gießn 35392Germany Helmholtz research Academy Hesse for FAIr(HFHF) GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion ResearchGießn 35392Germany Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostella E-15706Spain Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad 826004India Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Comenius UniversityBratislava 84215Slovakia Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H 4R2Canada

We report the charge-changing cross sections(σ_(cc))of 24 p-shell nuclides on both hydrogen and carbon at about 900A MeV,of which^(8,9)Li,^(10–12)Be,^(10,14,15)B,^(14,15,17–22)N and^(16)O on hydrogen and^(8,9)Li on carbon are for the first *** from the data set,we found a new and robust relationship between the scaling factor of the Glauber model calculations and the separation energies of the nuclei of interest on both *** allows us to deduce proton radii(r_p)for the first time from the cross sections on *** identical r_p values are deduced from both target data for the neutron-rich carbon isotopes;however,the r_p from the hydrogen target is systematically smaller in the neutron-rich nitrogen *** calls for further experimental and theoretical investigations.

关键词： Exotic nuclei Nuclear size reaction cross section Glauber model radioactive ion beam

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Collisionless shock acceleration of protons in a plasma slab produced in a gas jet by the collision of two laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves

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Matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： J.-r.Marquès L.Lancia P.Loiseau P.Forestier-Colleoni M.Tarisien E.Atukpor V.Bagnoud C.Brabetz F.Consoli J.Domange F.Hannachi P.Nicolaï M.Salvadori B.Zielbauer LULI CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CENBG CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance gsi helmholtzzentrum für schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany University of Darmstadt Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany ENEA fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety Department C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CELIA Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We have recently proposed a new technique of plasma tailoring by laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves generated on both sides of a gas jet[Marquès et al.,*** 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this numerical work,we study experimentally the influence of the tailoring on proton acceleration driven by a high-intensity picosecond laser in three cases:without tailoring,by tailoring only the entrance side of the picosecond laser,and by tailoring both sides of the gas *** tailoring,the acceleration is transverse to the laser axis,with a low-energy exponential spectrum,produced by Coulomb *** the front side of the gas jet is tailored,a forward acceleration appears,which is significantly enhanced when both the front and back sides of the plasma are *** forward acceleration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum,and is in good agreement with the mechanism of collisionless shock acceleration(CSA).The spatiotemporal evolution of the plasma profile is characterized by optical shadowgraphy of a probe *** refraction and absorption of this beam are simulated by post-processing 3D hydrodynamic simulations of the plasma *** with the experimental results allows estimation of the thickness and near-critical density of the plasma slab produced by tailoring both sides of the gas *** parameters are in good agreement with those required for CSA.

关键词： acceleration hydrodynamic collision

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Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasma of near critical density

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Matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： J.Cikhardt M.Gyrdymov S.Zähter P.Tavana M.M.Günther N.Bukharskii N.Borisenko J.Jacoby X.F.Shen A.Pukhov N.E.Andreev O.N.rosmej Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany gsi helmholtzzentrum für schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energy GmbH Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany National research Nuclear University MEPhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute rAS Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany Joint Institute for High Temperatures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of moderate relativistic intensity with plasma of near-critical density are investigated. Synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and magnetic fields. In anexperiment at the PHELIX laser system, high-current directed beams of DLA electrons with a mean energy ten times higher than the ponderomotive potential and maximum energy up to 100 MeV were measured at 10^(19) W/cm^(2)laser intensity. The spectrum of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption method allowed for absolute measurements of the angular-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV measured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) mm^(−2) mrad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the emission has an FWHM of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short emissiontime, DLA-based keV backlighters are promising for various applications in high-energy-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

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Zero Sound Propagation in Femto-Scale Quantum Liquids

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Journal of Modern Physics 2012年第6期3卷 476-482页

作者： Yoritaka Iwata gsi helmholtzzentrum für schwerionenforschung Darmstadt Germany

Charge equilibration has been recognized as a dominant process at the early stage of low-energy heavy-ion reactions. The production of exotic nuclei is suppressed under the appearance of charge equilibration, in which the proton-neutron ratios of the final reaction products are inevitably averaged. Therefore charge equilibration plays one of the most crucial roles in the synthesis of chemical elements. Focusing on how and when the charge equilibration takes place, zero sound propagation in femto-scale quantum liquids is explained.

关键词： Quantum Liquids Charge Equilibration

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Theory of X-ray Anisotropy and Polarization Following the Dielectronic recombination of Initially Hydrogen-Like Ions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第2期30卷 94-98页

作者： SHI Ying-Long DONG Chen-Zhong FrITZSCHE Stephan ZHANG Deng-Hong XIE Lu-You Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics&functional Materials of Gansu Province College of Physics and Electronic EngineeringNorthwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070 College of Physics and Information Science Tianshui Normal UniversityTianshui 741001 gsi helmholtzzentrum für schwerionenforschung Darmstadt D-64291Germany

The angular distribution and polarization of the x-ray photoemission of highly charged helium-like ions is studied following the K-LL dielectronic recombination of initially hydrogen-like *** is carried out within the framework of the density matrix theory combined with the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock *** is paid to magnetic sublevel alignment in the resonant intermediate state and to its nonuniform radiative decay *** is shown that the Breit interaction between the incident and target electrons plays a significant role for the alignment of the resonant state and thus causes a substantial change in the x-ray emission characteristic,when compared to the incorporation of only the(non-relativistic)Coulomb *** most prominent difference in alignment parameter is found in the 2s2p_(1/2) J=1 resonant state for a wide range of atomic numbers from 9 to *** this resonant state of helium-like ions,the Breit interaction becomes significant for ions with nuclear charge Z~30 already.

关键词： interaction. resonant alignment

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A Self-consistent Treatment of Disoriented Chiral Condensates

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Chinese Physics Letters 1998年第10期15卷 708-710页

作者： ZHUANG Peng-fei rolf Fauser Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 Theoretical Physics Group Gesellschaft fr Schwerionenforschung GSID-64291 DarmstadtGermany

A system with disoriented chiral condensates(DCCs)is considered in the presence of residual thermal pion *** self-consistently solving the coupled equations for the condensates,the thermal pion distributions,and the s... 详细信息

关键词： neutral Chiral thermal

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Precision mass measurements of short-lived nuclides at HIrFL-CSr in Lanzhou

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第6期13卷 161-180页

作者： Ming-Ze Sun Xiao-Hong Zhou Meng Wang Yu-Hu Zhang Yu. A. Litvinov Key Laboratory of High Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy and Center for Nuclear Matter Science Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China gsi helmholtzzentrum fiir schwerionenforschung Planckstraβe 1 64291 Darmstadt Germany

In recent years, extensive short-lived nuclear mass measurements have been carried out at the Heavy- Ion research Facility （HIrFL） in Lanzhou using Isochronous Mass Spectrometry （IMS）. The obtained mass values have been successfully applied to nuclear structure and astrophysics studies. In this contribution, we give a brief introduction to the nuclear mass measurements at HIrFL-CSr facility. Main technical developments are described and recent results are summarized. furthermore, we envision the future perspective for the next-generation storage ring facility HIAF in Huizhou.

关键词： nuclear mass short-lived nuclei storage ring isochronous mass spectrometry

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