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Recent progress on mechanisms,principles,and strategies for high-activity and high-stability non-PGM fuel cell catalyst design

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 25-52页

作者： Yuping Yuan Yun Zheng Dan Luo Weibin Qiu Jiantao Wang Xin Wang Zhongwei Chen GRINM(Guangdong)institute of New Materials Technology FoshanChina Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyWaterloo Institute for Sustainable EnergyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringSouth China Normal UniversityGuangdongChina national Power Battery innovation Center GRINM Group Co.Ltd.BeijingChina

The commercialization of a polymer membrane H2-O2 fuel cell and its widespread use call for the development of cost-effective oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)nonplatinum group metal(NPGM)***,to meet the requests for the real-world fuel cell application and replacing platinum catalysts,it still needs to address some challenges for NPGM catalysts regarding the sluggish ORR kinetics in the cathode and their poor durability in acidic *** response to these issues,numerous efforts have been made to study NPGM catalysts both theoretically and experimentally,developed these into the atomically dispersed coordinated metal-nitrogen-carbon(M-N-C)form over the past *** this review,we present a comprehensive summary of recent advancements on NPGM catalysts with high activity and *** design strategies in terms of optimizing active-site density and enhancing catalyst stability against demetalization and carbon corrosion are *** is also emphasized the importance of understanding the mechanisms and principles behind those strategies through a combination of theoretical modeling and experimental ***,further understanding the mechanisms related to the active-site structure and the formation process of the single-atom active site under pyrolysis conditions is critical for active-site *** the active-site distance is the basic principle for improving catalyst activity through increasing the catalyst active-site *** studies for the catalyst deactivation mechanism and modeling stable active-site structures provide both mechanisms and principles to improve the NPGM catalyst ***,currently remained challenges and perspectives in the future on designing high-performance atomically dispersed NPGM catalysts toward fuel cell application are discussed.

关键词： batteries electrocatalysis energy storage and conversion fuel cells

Protein-nucleic acid hybrid nanostructures for molecular diagnostic applications

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9003-9014页

作者： Noah R.Sundah Yuxuan Seah Auginia Natalia Xiaoyan Chen Panida Cen Yu Liu Huilin Shao institute for Health innovation and Technology National University of SingaporeSingapore 117599Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore 138673Singapore Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore

Molecular diagnostic technologies empower new clinical opportunities in precision ***,existing approaches face limitations with respect to performance,operation and *** molecules including proteins and nucleic acids are being increasingly adopted as tools in the development of new molecular diagnostic *** particular,leveraging their complementary properties—the functional diversity of proteins and the precision programmability of nucleic acids—a wide range of protein–nucleic acid hybrid nanostructures have been *** hybrid structures take diverse forms,ranging from one-dimensional to three-dimensional hybrids,as static assemblies to dynamic machines,and possess myriad functions to recognize target biomarkers,encode vast information and execute catalytic *** by recent advances in this area of molecular nanotechnology,we review the state-of-art design and application of various types of protein–nucleic acid hybrid nanostructures for molecular diagnostics,and present an outlook on the challenges and opportunities for emerging pre-clinical and clinical applications,highlighting the promise for earlier detection,more refined diagnosis and highly tailored treatment decision that ultimately lead to improved patient outcomes.

关键词： molecular nanotechnology DNA-protein hybrid molecular diagnostics precision medicine

Comprehensive study of the ultrafast photoexcited carrier dynamics in Sb_(2)Te_(3)–GeTe superlattices

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 381-387页

作者：叶之江金钻明蒋叶昕卢琦贾梦辉钱冬黄夏敏李舟彭滟朱亦鸣 Terahertz Technology innovation Research institute Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical SystemUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control(Ministry of Education) Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceSchool of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Tsung-Dao Lee institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China gba Branch of Aerospace Information Research institute Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510700China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Terahertz Quantum Electromagnetics Guangzhou 510700China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

Chalcogenide superlattices Sb_(2)Te_(3)-GeTe is a candidate for interfacial phase-change memory(iPCM) data storage *** employing terahertz emission spectroscopy and the transient reflectance spectroscopy together,we investigate the ultrafast photoexcited carrier dynamics and current transients in Sb_(2)Te_(3)-GeTe *** orientation and excitation polarization dependences of the THz emission confirm that ultrafast thermo-electric,shift and injection currents contribute to the THz generation in Sb_(2)Te_(3)-GeTe *** decreasing the thickness and increasing the number of GeTe and Sb_(2)Te_(3) layer,the interlayer coupling can be enhanced,which significantly reduces the contribution from circular photo-galvanic effect(CPGE).A photo-induced bleaching in the transient reflectance spectroscopy probed in the range of~1100 nm to~1400 nm further demonstrates a gapped state resulting from the interlayer *** demonstrates play an important role in the development of iPCM-based high-speed optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Sb_(2)Te_(3)/GeTe superlattices ultrafast carrier dynamics interfacial phase change memory THz emission spectroscopy transient reflectance spectroscopy

Advances of graphdiyne-supported metal catalysts in thermocatalytic reactions

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2223-2233页

作者： Jia Yu Yida Yang Yuliang Li Changyan Cao Weiguo Song Beijing national Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesLaboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and NanotechnologyInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing national Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesLaboratory of organic solidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Supported metal catalysts are widely used in the modern chemical *** electronic interaction between supports and active components is of great significance for heterogeneous ***(GDY),a new type of carbon allotrope with sp-hybridized carbon atoms,πconjugate structure,and electron transmission capability,is a promising candidate as catalyst *** years have witnessed the rapid progress of GDY-supported metal catalysts for different catalysis *** that most processes in the current chemical industry are thermocatalytic reactions,we herein give an overview about the advances and particular characteristics of GDY-supported catalysts in these *** geometric structure and electronic properties of GDY are first ***,the synthesis methods for GDY-supported metal catalysts and their applications in thermocatalytic reactions are discussed,in which the effect of electronic interaction on catalytic performance is ***,the current challenges and future directions of GDY-supported metal catalysts for thermocatalysis are *** is expected that this review will enrich our understanding of the advances of GDY as a superior support for metal catalysts in thermocatalytic reactions.

关键词： graphdiyne metal catalysts thermocatalytic reactions heterogeneous catalysis

Hot carrier cooling in lead halide perovskites probed by two-pulse photovoltage correlation spectroscopy

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第10期33卷 116-119页

作者： Yuqing Huang Chaoyu Guo Lei Gao Wenna Du Haotian Zheng Da Wu Zhengpu Zhao Chu-Wei Zhang Qin Wang Xin-Feng Liu Qingfeng Yan Ying Jiang International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Collaborative innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for nanotechnology National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Interdisciplinary institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The next-generation hot-carrier solar cells,which can overcome the Shockley-Queisser limit by harvesting excessenergy from hot carriers,are receiving increasing *** halide perovskite(LHP)materials are considered aspromising candidates due to their exceptional photovoltaic properties,good stability and low *** cooling rate of hotcarriers is a key parameter influencing the performance of hot-carrier solar *** this work,we successfully detected hotcarrier dynamics in operando LHP devices using the two-pulse photovoltage correlation *** enhance the signalto-noise ratio,we applied the delay-time modulation method instead of the traditional power *** advancementallowed us to detect the intraband hot carrier cooling time for the organic LHP CH_(3)NH_(3)PbBr_(3),which is as short as 0.21 *** comparison,the inorganic Cs-based LHP CsPbBr_(3)exhibited a longer cooling time of around 0.59 ps due to differentphonon *** results provide us new insights into the optimal design of hot-carrier solar cells and highlightthe potential of LHP materials in advancing solar cell technology.

关键词： two-pulse correlation spectroscopy lead halide perovskites hot carrier cooling ultrafast dynamics

Exploring the Roles of Single Atom in Hydrogen Peroxide Photosynthesis

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 32-67页

作者： Kelin He Zimo Huang Chao Chen Chuntian Qiu Yu Lin Zhong Qitao Zhang International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518000China Queensland Micro‑and nanotechnology Centre School of Environment and ScienceGriffith UniversityNathanQLD 4222Australia institute for Sustainable Transformation School of Chemical Engineering and Light IndustryGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 51006China ZJU‑Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215China

This comprehensive review provides a deep exploration of the unique roles of single atom catalysts(SACs)in photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))*** offer multiple benefits over traditional catalysts such as improved efficiency,selectivity,and flexibility due to their distinct electronic structure and unique *** review discusses the critical elements in the design of SACs,including the choice of metal atom,host material,and coordination environment,and how these elements impact the catalytic *** role of single atoms in photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production is also analysed,focusing on enhancing light absorption and charge generation,improving the migration and separation of charge carriers,and lowering the energy barrier of adsorption and activation of *** these advantages,several challenges,including H_(2)O_(2)decomposition,stability of SACs,unclear mechanism,and low selectivity,need to be *** towards the future,the review suggests promising research directions such as direct utilization of H_(2)O_(2),high-throughput synthesis and screening,the creation of dual active sites,and employing density functional theory for investigating the mechanisms of SACs in H_(2)O_(2)*** review provides valuable insights into the potential of single atom catalysts for advancing the field of photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production.

关键词： Single atom catalysts H_(2)O_(2)photosynthesis Catalyst design and optimization

Photodoping-Modified Charge Density Wave Phase Transition in WS_(2)/1T-TaS_(2) Heterostructure

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第5期41卷 144-170页

作者：王瑞丁建伟孙飞赵继民裘晓辉 Beijing Information Technology College Beijing 100015China CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China Beijing national Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Max Planck institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Dresden 01187Germany Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Controlling collective electronic states hold great promise for development of innovative devices. Here, we experimentally detect the modification of the charge density wave(CDW) phase transition within a 1T-TaS_(2) layer in a WS_(2)/1T-TaS_(2) heterostructure using time-resolved ultrafast spectroscopy. Laser-induced charge transfer doping strongly suppresses the commensurate CDW phase, which results in a significant decrease in both the phase transition temperature(T_(c)) and phase transition stiffness. We interpret the phenomenon that photoinduced hole doping, when surpassing a critical threshold value of ~ 10^(18)cm^(-3), sharply decreases the phase transition energy barrier. Our results provide new insights into controlling the CDW phase transition, paving the way for optical-controlled novel devices based on CDW materials.

关键词： doping transition Transition

Artificial optical microfingerprints for advanced anticounterfeiting

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4371-4378页

作者： Xueke Pang Qiang Zhang Jingyang Wang Xin Jiang Menglin Wu Mingyue Cui Zhixia Feng Wenxin Xu Bin Song Yao He Suzhou Key Laboratory of nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials&Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology(NANO-CIC)Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China School of Sensing Science and Engineering Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment InstrumentSchool of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Artificial optical microfingerprints,known as physically unclonable functions(PUFs)offer a groundbreaking approach for ***,these PUFs artificial optical microfingerprints suffer from a limited number of challenge-response pairs,making them vulnerable to machine learning(ML)attacks when additional error-correcting units are *** study presents a pioneering demonstration of artificial optical microfingerprints that combine the advantages of PUFs,a large encoding capacity algorithm,and reliable deep learning authentication against ML *** approach utilizes the triple-mode PUFs,incorporating bright-field,multicolor fluorescence wrinkles,and the topography of surface enhanced Raman scattering in the mechanical and optical ***,the quaternary encoding of these PUFs artificial microfingerprints allows for an encoding capacity of 6.43×10^(24082) and achieves 100%deep learning recognition ***,the PUFs artificial optical microfingerprints exhibit high resilience against ML attacks,facilitated by generative adversarial networks(GAN)(with mean prediction accuracy of~85.0%).The results of this study highlight the potential of utilizing up to three PUFs in conjunction with a GAN training system,paving the way for achieving encoded information that remains resilient to ML attacks.

关键词： artificial microfingerprints physically unclonable functions deep learning anti-counterfeiting

Impact of device resistances in the performance of graphene‑based terahertz photodetectors

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 87-97页

作者： O.Castelló Sofía M.López Baptista K.Watanabe T.Taniguchi E.Diez J.E.Velázquez-Pérez Y.M.Meziani J.M.Caridad J.A.Delgado-Notario Department of Applied Physics University of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain Unidad de Excelencia en Luz y Materia Estructurada(LUMES) University of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science1-1 NamikiTsukuba 305-0044Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science1-1 NamikiTsukuba 305-0044Japan nanotechnology Group USAL-NanolabUniversity of Salamanca37008 SalamancaSpain

In recent years,graphene field-effect-transistors(GFETs)have demonstrated an outstanding potential for terahertz(THz)photodetection due to their fast response and *** features are essential to enable emerging THz applications,including 6G wireless communications,quantum information,bioimaging and ***,the overall performance of these photodetectors may be utterly compromised by the impact of internal resistances presented in the device,so-called access or parasitic *** this work,we provide a detailed study of the influence of internal device resistances in the photoresponse of high-mobility dual-gate GFET *** dual-gate architectures allow us to fine tune(decrease)the internal resistance of the device by an order of magnitude and consequently demonstrate an improved responsivity and noise-equivalent-power values of the photodetector,*** results can be well understood by a series resistance model,as shown by the excellent agreement found between the experimental data and theoretical *** findings are therefore relevant to understand and improve the overall performance of existing high-mobility graphene photodetectors.

关键词： Graphene THz Photodetector Field-effect transistor Plasmonic