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genetic diversity,geographic differentiation and evolutionary relationship among ecotypes of glycine max and g. soja in China

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Chinese Science bulletin 2009年第21期54卷 4393-4403页

作者： WEN ZiXiang, ZHAO TuanJie, DINg YanLai & gAI JunYi Soybean Research Institute of Nanjing Agricultural university National Center for Soybean Improvement National Key Laboratory for Crop genetics and germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, China Soybean Research Institute of Nanjing Agricultural university Nanjing China National Center for Soybean Improvement Nanjing China National Key Laboratory for Crop genetics and germplasm Enhancement Nanjing China

The knowledge of origin and evolution of cultivated soybeans is one of the basic issues in both biology and agronomy of the crop. In order to investigate the nuclear and cytoplasmic genetic diversity, geographic differentiation and genetic relationship among geographic ecotypes of cultivated (glycine max) and wild (g. soja) soybeans, the allelic profiles at 60 nuclear simple-sequence repeat (nuSSR) loci and 11 chloroplastic SSR (cpSSR) loci evenly distributed on whole genome of 393 landraces and 196 wild accessions from nation-wide growing areas in China were analyzed. (i) The genetic diversity of the wild soybean was obviously larger than that of the cultivated soybean, with their nuSSR and cpSSR alleles as 1067 vs. 980 and 57 vs 44, respectively. Of the 980 nuclear alleles detected in the cultivated soybean, 377 new ones (38.5%) emerged, while of the 44 chloroplastic alleles in the cultivated soybean, seven new ones (15.9%) emerged after domestication. (ii) Among the cultivated geographic ecotypes, those from southern China, including South-Central China, Southwest China and South China possessed relatively great genetic diversity than those from northern China, while among the wild geographic ecotypes, the Middle and Lower Changjiang Valleys wild ecotype showed the highest genetic diversity. (iii) The analysis of molecular variance, association analysis between geographic grouping and molecular marker clustering and analysis of specific-present alleles of ecotypes demonstrated that the geographic differentiation of both cultivated and wild soybeans associated with their genetic differentiation, or in other words, had their relevant genetic bases. (iv) The cluster analysis of all accessions clearly showed that the wild accessions from Middle and Lower Changjiang Valleys and South-Central & Southwest China had relatively small genetic distances with all cultivated accessions. The UPgMA dendrogram among geographic ecotypes further showed that the genetic distances b

关键词：地理学遗传多样性异性

History and possible mechanisms of prehistoric human migration to the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第9期59卷 1765-1778页

作者： ZHANg DongJu DONg guangHui WANg Hui REN XiaoYan HA PiPu'u QIANg MingRui CHEN FaHui Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems Ministry of Education College of Earth Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeological Research Lanzhou 730000 China Qinghai Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeological Research Xining 810007 China Cultural Relic Conservation Institute Lhasa 850000 China

Prehistoric human history on the Tibetan Plateau is a hotly debated topic. Archaeological research on the plateau during the past few decades has enormously improved our understanding of the topic and makes it possible for us to consider the processes and mechanisms of prehistoric human migration to the region. by reviewing the published archaeological research on the Tibetan Plateau, we propose that the first people on the plateau initially spread into the He-Huang region from the Chinese Loess Plateau, and then moved to the low elevation Northeastern Tibetan Plateau and perhaps subsequently to the entire plateau. This process consisted of four stages.(1) During the climatic amelioration of the Last Deglacial period(15–11.6 ka bP), Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers with a developed microlithic technology first spread into the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau.(2) In the early-mid Holocene(11.6–6 ka bP), Epipaleolithic microlithic hunter-gatherers were widely distributed on the northeastern plateau and spread southwards to the interior plateau, possibly with millet agriculture developed in the neighboring low elevation regions.(3) In the mid-late Holocene(6–4 ka bP), Neolithic millet farmers spread into low elevation river valleys in the northeastern and southeastern plateau areas.(4) In the late Holocene(4–2.3 ka bP), bronze Age barley and wheat farmers further settled on the high elevation regions of the Tibetan Plateau, especially after 3.6 ka bP. Finally, we suggest that all of the reported Paleolithic sites earlier than the LgM on the Tibetan Plateau need further examination.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Prehistoric archaeology Human migration Driving mechanisms

Improving geese Production Performance in “goose-Fish” Production System by Competitive Reduction of Pathogenic bacteria in Pond Water

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2012年第6期11卷 993-1001页

作者： YANg Xi-wen LIU Li JIANg Dan-li WANg Cong-li SUN Ai-dong SHI Zhen-dan Department of Animal Science South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 P.R.China Institute of Food Safety and Quality Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 P.R.China Institute of Animal Science Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 P.R.China

This study investigated whether competitive reduction of pathogenic bacteria growth in pond water alleviates lipopolysaccharide （LPS） contamination and improves geese production performances in the ＂goose-fish＂ production system, thereby providing the potential for an improved technique for ecological water fowl production. In the first experiment, 240 Magang goslings of 15-d age were randomly and equally allocated into 16 ＂yard and pond＂ pens using a 2-2 factorial design with 4 replications per treatment. In the 55-d experimental period, the goslings received 2 main treatments： supplementation of bacillus subtilis spores in the feed and addition of photosynthetic bacteria （PSb） to the pond water. both b. subtilis spores and PSb treatments significantly suppressed water counts of gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Shigella, and LPS concentrations in pond water and in gosling blood （P〈0.05）. As the result, the two treatments significantly improved gosling weight gain and carcass quality, marked by enhanced breast and leg muscle percentages and reduced subcutaneous fat proportions （P〈0.05）. Moreover, the improved effects of b. subtilis spores and PSb treatments were additive. In the second experiment, 1 160 adult geese were induced to start egg laying from May throughout the summer months. The geese were separated equally into control and experimental flocks to fit into 2 integration production units, with a density of 1 bird m-2 meter on pond water. Experimental flock geese were treated with b. subtilis spores in feed and PSb in the pond water for the duration of the study. Such treatment combination significantly depressed the growth of E. coli, Salmonella and Shigella in the pond water and reduced LPS concentrations both in pond water and in geese blood （P〈0.01）. As a result, egg fertility, fertile and set egg hatchabilities were all improved in the treated flock. Results from both growing goslings and breeding geese demonstrated that water bac

关键词： bacteria growth lipopolysaccharide geese production performance b. subtilis spores photosyntheticbacteria

Conflicts of Indigenous Farming Practices and Modern agriculture in Konso Community, Southern Ethiopia

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Journal of Agricultural Science and technology(b) 2015年第9期5卷 589-600页

作者： Yohannes gebre Michael Department of geography and Environmental Studies Addis Ababa University P.O. Box 33569 Addis Ababa Ethiopia

The study attempted to understand indigenous small farming systems and its challenges with the framework of agricultural modernisation in Konso community, Southern Ethiopia. There were 400 household heads from different wealth rank and farming practices considered for in-depth interview. This was completed by focus group discussions and plot level investigations. The findings indicated that the community and landscape are characterized by heterogeneity, implying the challenges of introducing standard modern agricultural technologies. Moreover, the community has wide range of indigenous soil and water conservation （SWC） measures geared to production and protection. For example, in a single plot with a size of less than 0.4 ha, it was possible to produce up to 35 plant spices with multiple functions. The evaluation of the modern agricultural extension services by the community indicates that about 17% was found to be positive in line to diffusion of new technologies and rehabilitation of degraded lands. However, the strengths seem to be offset by the weaknesses （61%） with respect to food security, resilience to drought, synergy with indigenous knowledge, empowerment in decision-making, The findings underlined that to assure food security and sustainable resource management, creating policy environment for holistic and integrated approach, supporting indigenous practices and empowering community in decision making are fundamental.

关键词： Indigenous practices modem technology extension service empowerment sustainability.

Research Progress of gene Polymorphism of guizhou black goat

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2015年第2期7卷 93-96页

作者： Song Derong Wang Qiwen Shen Xiaoyun Zhou Darong Peng Hua Yang Siwei bijie Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary bijie Pilot Area Research Institute of guizhou university of Engineering Science

guizhou black goat is the second-largest breed of goat in guizhou, an important part of ecosystem of karst region. Constructing cladogTam of black goat and guizhou local goat with molecular biological technique, we found some functional genes related to reproduction and growth of black goat, such as FSHR, LHβ, gDF9, MSTN, POU1F1, gFI1b, etc. In view of the genetic relations between guizhou black goat and other local goats, we reviewed the research status and progress of gene polymorphism of FSHR, LHβ,gDF9, MSTN, POU1F1, gFI1b, and prospected the research field of molecular properties of the breed resource.

关键词： guizhou black goat genetic relationship gene Polymorphism

Physiological Responses of Different Kinds of Vegetable Seedlings to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Stress

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Agricultural biotechnology 2019年第5期8卷 37-41,46页

作者： Xuan TANg Minghua LONg Shuangyu QIAO Pengxin LI Huimin ZHANg Yongsheng LIANg Agricultural College Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Nanning Vegetable Research Institute Nanning 530000China

This study was conducted to explore the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the growth and physiological characteristics of vegetable ***,Chinese cabbage and radish were cultured under the stress of 16 PAHs at different concentrations of 0.3,0.6 and 0.9 mg/L,respectively,with the seedlings cultured without PAHs as the control,to study the growth and physiological responses of various vegetable seedlings under PAHs *** results showed that the leaf width,fresh weight,CAT activity and POD activity of cucumber and the chlorophyll b content and CAT activity of radish reached the minimum values when treated with 0.3 mg/L *** the treatment concentration was 0.6 mg/L,the POD activity of cucumber,the vitamin C content of Chinese cabbage and the MDA content of radish were the *** dry weight of cucumber,the fresh weight of Chinese cabbage and the fresh weight and POD activity of radish reached the minimums under the treatment of 0.9 mg/L *** concentrations of PAHs could promote the synthesis and photosynthesis of chlorophyll in cucumber and Chinese cabbage leaves and the vitamin C content in *** the increase of PAHs treatment concentration,the MDA contents of cucumber and Chinese cabbage were on the increase,and reached the maximums under the treatment of 0.9 mg/L *** of the reasons why different kinds of vegetable seedlings have different physiological responses to PAHs may be related to the differences in the amount of PAHs absorbed by different leaf structures.

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon Vegetable seedlings growth Physiology and biochemistry

Transcriptomic Analysis and Comparison of the gene Expression Profiles in Fast- and Slow-growing Pearl Oysters Pinctada fucata martensii

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Journal of Ocean university of China 2022年第1期21卷 186-194页

作者： XU Hanzhi LIU Huiru ZHANg Hua HE Maoxian CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine bio-Resources and Ecology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine BiologySouth China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Southern Marine Science and Engineering guangdong Laboratory(guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China

The pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii is an economically valuable shellfish that is cultured for seawater pearl pro-duction,which mainly depends on oyster ***,the growth mechanisms of the pearl oyster are still poorly *** this study,oysters were grouped with relative growth rate,including fast-growing(Fg)group and slow-growing(Sg)*** Nanopore Technologies(ONT)long-read sequencing was applied to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the growth of this *** alternative splicing(AS)types were analyzed in both Fg and Sg groups,which include alternative 3’splice site,alternative 5’splice site,exon skipping,intron retention,and mutually exclusive *** analysis showed that four of five different AS events(excluding mutually exclusive exons)occurred more frequently in Fg than in Sg oysters,and the five main AS types exhibited different *** AS events that were detected may be involved in growth,and the difference in ex-pression of AS events between Fg and Sg oysters may be involved in the mechanism underlying the difference in *** dif-ferentially expressed genes(DEgs)were identified between the Fg and Sg *** results showed that 40 genes were signifi-cantly up-regulated in Fg oysters,while 10 genes were significantly down-regulated in Sg *** genes related to nutrient metabolism,shell formation,and immunity were more highly expressed in Fg oysters than in Sg *** summary,Fg oysters exhibited higher metabolic and biomineralization activities and had a more powerful immune system than Sg *** results provide insight into the growth of *** that can be used to improve breeding programs.

关键词： Pinctada fucata martensii differential growth Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing differentially expressed genes

Research on Anti-noise Processing Method of Production Signal based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition(EEMD)

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural university(English Edition) 2017年第4期24卷 69-79页

作者： Fang Jun-long Yu Xiao-juan Wang Rui-fa Wang Run-tao Li Peng-fei Shao Chang-hui College of Electrical and Information Northeast Agricultural University State grid Corporation of Heilongjiang Electric Power Co. Ltd.

The grain production prediction is one of the most important links in precision agriculture. In the process of grain production prediction, mechanical noise caused by the factors of difference in field topography and mechanical vibration will be mixed in the original signal, which undoubtedly will affect the prediction accuracy. Therefore, in order to reduce the influence of vibration noise on the prediction accuracy, an adaptive Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition(EEMD) threshold filtering algorithm was applied to the original signal in this paper: the output signal was decomposed into a finite number of Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMF) from high frequency to low frequency by using the Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD) algorithm which could effectively restrain the mode mixing phenomenon; then the demarcation point of high and low frequency IMF components were determined by Continuous Mean Square Error criterion(CMSE), the high frequency IMF components were denoised by wavelet threshold algorithm, and finally the signal was reconstructed. The algorithm was an improved algorithm based on the commonly used wavelet threshold. The two algorithms were used to denoise the original production signal respectively, the adaptive EEMD threshold filtering algorithm had significant advantages in three denoising performance indexes of signal denoising ratio, root mean square error and smoothness. The five field verification tests showed that the average error of field experiment was 1.994% and the maximum relative error was less than 3%. According to the test results, the relative error of the predicted yield per hectare was 2.97%, which was relative to the actual yield. The test results showed that the algorithm could effectively resist noise and improve the accuracy of prediction.

关键词： production signal signal denoising processing adaptive EEMD threshold filtering algorithm prediction accuracy

Developing a highly efficient CgbE base editor in watermelon

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Horticulture Research 2023年第9期10卷 111-120页

作者： Dong Wang Yani Chen Tao Zhu Jie Wang Man Liu Shujuan Tian Jiafa Wang Li Yuan State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress biology for Arid Areas College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling712100ShaanxiChina

Cytosine and adenosine base editors(CbEs and AbEs)are novel genome-editing tools that have been widely utilized in molecular breeding to precisely modify single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)critical for plant agronomic traits and species ***,conventional bE editors are limited to achieve C-to-T and A-to-g substitutions,*** enhance the applicability of base editing technology in watermelon,we developed an efficient CgbE editor(SCgbE2.0)by removing the uracil glycosylase inhibitor(UgI)unit from the commonly used hA3A-CbE and incorporating the uracil-DNA glycosylase(UNg)*** specific guide RNAs(sgRNAs)targeting five watermelon genes were designed to assess the editing efficiency of *** results obtained from stably transformed watermelon plants demonstrated that SCgbE2.0 could efficiently induce C-to-g mutations at positions C5–C9 in 43.2%transgenic plants(with a maximum base conversion efficiency of 46.1%)and C-to-A mutation at position C4 in 23.5%transgenic plants(with a maximum base conversion efficiency of 45.9%).These findings highlight the capability of our integrated SCgbE2.0 editor to achieve C-to-g/A mutations in a site-preferred manner,thus providing an efficient base editing tool for precise base modification and site-directed saturated mutagenesis in watermelon.

关键词： base removing saturated