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Influence of edaphic factors on distribution and condition of himalayan silver birch(betula utilis ***)communities in the northwestern Indian Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 590-606页

作者： Khashti DASILA Renu RAWAL Tanay bARMAN Sher Singh SAMANT Anita PANDEY Veena PANDE g.b.pant national institute of himalayan environment Almora 263643India Centre of Excellence on Sustainable Land Management Indian Council of Forestry Research and EducationDehradun 248006India Uttarakhand State Council for Science&Technology Dehradun 248015India Department of biotechnology Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)Dehradun 248002India Department of biotechnology Kumaun UniversityNainital 263136India

The basic concept of phytosociology is crucial for the assessment of species composition and dynamic ecological succession of forests supporting ecological services,functions,disturbance,and resilience that lead to the development of integrated areas such as ecological niche modeling and contribute to identifying the valuable bio-indicators which can be used in framing conservation and management *** is one of the most dominant tree species of treeline ecotone in the himalayan *** species is also considered as indicator species for monitoring the past and recent climate change *** current study was carried out in the natural populations of *** from the sub-alpine zone of North-western Indian *** birch dominated forest harbors a total of 305 plant species comprising Angiosperms(51 families,160 genera and 277 species),gymnosperms(03 families,05 genera and 07 species)and Pteridophytes(07 families,11 genera and 21 species)with Asteraceae,Ranunculaceae and Rosaceae as dominant *** forests are found dominant in shady moist habitat and North West *** characteristics,anthropogenic and developmental activities affect the population structure of *** and associated ***,the species has fair regeneration status in the study *** acidic nature of soil pH and spatial variation in edaphic characteristics may be due to geographical differences,rooting patterns and litter accumulation of below and above-ground *** estimation of a representative population of *** from each site showed that TAgbD,TCD and TbD were found maximum in ST3(Hamta Pass II site).The CCA analysis determined that environmental variables such as altitude,organic matter,available phosphorous,organic carbon,available nitrogen,and electrical conductivity played a significant role in determining tree species composition and distribution in *** dominated forests.

关键词： Species composition Indicator species biomass North-western Indian Himalaya Regeneration environmental variables

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Climate change impact in the Western Himalaya:people's perception and adaptive strategies

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第2期14卷 403-416页

作者： Vikram S.Negi Rakesh K.Maikhuri Dalbeer Pharswan Shinny Thakur Pitamber P.Dhyani g.b.pant national institute of himalayan environment and Sustainable Development Kosi-KatarmalAlmoraUttarakhandIndia g.b.pant national institute of himalayan environment and Sustainable Development Garhwal UnitSrinagar(Garhwal)UttarakhandIndia

The Himalaya represents a vast mountain system and globally valued for its significant role in regulation of global as well as regional climate that has direct impact on biodiversity and ecosystem services crucial for sustenance of millions of people in Himalaya and adjoining areas. However, mountain regions worldwide are impacted by climate change and at the same time represent distinctive area for the assessment of climate related impacts. Climate change impacts in himalayan region have its implications on food production, natural ecosystems,retreat of glacier, water supply, human and animal health and overall human well being. The livelihood and food security of the people inhabited in region largely depend on climate sensitive sectors ***, livestock, forestry and their interlinkages with each other, and has the potential to break down food and nutritional security as well as livelihood support systems. People's perception and understanding of climate can be an important asset when it comes to adaptation to climate change impact;however it is not taken into consideration for the development of policy design and implementation of modern mitigation and adaptation strategies by governments and other civil society *** knowledge of local people and farming communities for rural landscape management and sustainable use of bioresources is gaining credence as a key strategy to cope up with the climate ***, the present study analyzes the indigenous knowledge of local people and their perceptions on climate change, and also documented adaptation approaches at local level in mountain ecosystem of western Himalaya. The study could be useful to policy makers to design appropriate adaptation strategies to cope up with the impacts of climate change.

关键词： Western Himalaya Climate change People's perception Traditional knowledge Adaptation

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Paradigm and Ecological Implication of Changing Agricultural Land-use:A Case Study from govind Wildlife Sanctuary,Central Himalaya,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第4期9卷 547-557页

作者： Vikram S.NEgI Rakesh K.MAIKHURI Lakhpat S.RAWAT g.b.pant institute of himalayan environment and Development Kosi-KatarmalAlmora UttarakhandIndia g.b.pant institute of himalayan environment and Development Garhwal unitSrinagar GarhwalUttarakhandIndia

The paper scrutinizes that the changes in any sub-system(***,livestock and forest) have direct impact on biophysical and social processes in village ecosystem of the central himalayan *** view of this,we studied the changes in spatial patterns of agricultural land use and dependency of agroecosystem on forest and animal husbandry over a period of two *** on data analysis it was found that the cultivation of some traditional crops has either been abandoned in the area or declined by 25%-85% due to introduction of cash crops viz.,potato,kidney bean and apple farming with acreage increased up to 51%-72% in the last three *** population of different categories has declined drastically by 17%-75%,and has resulted shortage of farmyard manure,deterioration of soil quality and fertility which leads to un-sustainability of agriculture *** changes in agrobiodiversity have led to the dramatic increase in soil loss and runoff from the croplands together with the increase pressure on *** economic evaluation of each crop showed higher monetary benefit from cash crops as compared to traditional *** all the evaluated crops,the monetary output/input ratio was found highest(3.04) for kidney bean and lowest(1.26) for *** in land use and management have improved household income but at the cost of forest degradation,less productive animal husbandry and loss of agrodiversity in the ***,there is an urgent need to bring desirable changes in agricultural policy,research,land use and efficient management of the resources for maintaining sustainability in agro and himalayan forest ecosystem.

关键词： Forest Animal husbandry Cash crop Traditional agrodiversity Sustainability

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Variation in Polyphenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Traditional Apple Cultivars from West Himalaya,Uttarakhand

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2018年第4期4卷 151-157页

作者： bAHUKHANDI Amit DHYANI Praveen bHATT Indra D. RAWAL Ranbeer S. g.b.pant national institute of himalayan environment and Sustainable Development Almora 263643UttarakhandIndia

Apple(Malus × domestica) is largely known for polyphenolic and antioxidant properties; however, systematic investigation in the apple growing in the Indian himalayan region is not carried out. The present study therefore, attempts to quantify polyphenolics and antioxidant activities in three traditional apple cultivars namely 'benoni', 'Fanny' and 'Rymer' growing at different locations of Uttarakhand(west Himalaya), *** revealed that phenolic(0.94–7.00 mg gAE·g^(-1)FW), flavonoid(1.02–9.86 mg QE·g^(-1)FW), flavonol(0.77–6.92 mg CE·g^(-1) FW), tannin(15.49–37.99 mg TAE·g^(-1) FW) and antioxidant activity(AbTS, 3.10–67.36; DPPH, 4.99–14.06; FRAP, 4.70–39.21 mmol AAE·kg^(-1)FW) varied significantly among the cultivars and maximum content was recorded in Rymer fruits of Mukhwa location. Altitude showed significant(P bTS(r = 0.856) and FRAP activity(r = 0.830). based on the results, it is concluded that among three cultivars, Rymer is one of the most promising sources of polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity and therefore, recommended for mass plantation at suitable locations in Uttarakhand for harnessing maximum potential.

关键词： apple traditional cultivar antioxidant polyphenolics West Himalaya

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Assessing Anthropogenic Pressure and Its Impact on Hippophae salicifolia Pockets in Central Himalaya,Uttarakhand

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第3期10卷 464-471页

作者： Deepak DHYANI Shalini DHYANI RK MAIKHURI g.b.pant institute of himalayan environment and Development Garhwal UnitSrinagar GarhwalUttarakhandIndia

Natural habitat ofHippophae salicifolia in Central Himalaya is continuously being degraded due to habitat destruction and harvesting. Although logging is prohibited, habitat destruction has increased because of regular road construction, repairing and broadening activities. In addition, Hippophae resources are continuously being harvested by lopping （both partial and complete） for fuelwood, fodder and fruits in higher himalayan region. This paper presents a detailed analysis of relationship between density, demographic structure, and harvesting of H. salicifolia growing pockets in the five major valleys （gangotri, Yamunotri, Niti, Mana and bhyundhar） of Uttarakhand in Central Himalaya, India. A total of 12o quadrats were laid randomly to study population structure, regeneration, sex ratio and lopping using quadrats of lOO m2 （a4 in each valley） in Hippophae growing patches. Our study shows that the density, size distribution, and regeneration of Hippophae vary considerably among the major valleys. Trees in the Yamunotri valley have the highest density of large trees but the lowest density of seedlings. In contrast, there are few large trees but many seedlings in the Mana valley. The number and size of lopped trees also varied among the valleys. Lopping was greatest in bhyundhar （11.4%） and Yamunotri （19.7%） and least in Niti （3.9%）. The size of lopped trees differed substantially as well. In bhyundhar, the largest trees were taken while saplings were taken in Yamunotri. Our study revealed that unsustainable harvesting from plants for fuel, fencing and fruits along with road broadening activities in Central Himalaya are the main cause ofhabitat destruction. Our research highlights the urgent need for in-situ and ex-situ conservation of Hippophae salicifolia so that it＇s potential can be harnessed sustainably by rural hill societies for their socio-economic development.

关键词： Central Himalaya Seabuckthorn Dioecious Disturbance Habitat Conservation

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Mitigating People-Park Conflicts on Resource Use through Ecotourism:A Case of the Nanda Devi biosphere Reserve,Indian Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第1期8卷 87-95页

作者： Chandra Prakash KALA Rakesh Kumar MAIKHURI Ecosystem and environment Management Indian Institute of Forest Management g.b.pant institute of himalayan environment and Development Post.

Eeotourism aims to deliver the philosophy of sustainable development through environmental conservation as well as socio-economic development. Areas with rich biodiversity and scenic beauty, like the Indian himalayan region, have been one of the major destination centers for nature lovers from historical time. In view of conserving the rich biodiversity and natural heritage of the himalayan region 92 protected areas have been set aside, of these Nanda Devi biosphere Reserve （NDbR） is a well known world heritage site. Over a period of time establishing NDbR has invited conficts between the local people and reserve authorities on the management approaches and utilization criteria of the natural resources, especially banning the traditional bio-resource collection rights of local community, expeditions, trekking, and other anthropogenic activities in the core zones. The present study aims to understand and analyze the various people - park conflicts, and also to suggest ways to mitigate such conflicts in view of biodiversity conservation and improvement of economic status of local people by promoting eeotourism. With this view the study further discusses the various aspects of eeotourism, its pros and cons, and the avenues of developing appropriate strategies for promotion of ecotourism in buffer zone areas of NDbR.

关键词： Eeo-tourism Indian Himalaya NandaDevi biosphere Reserve Nature conservation People-park conflicts

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Ecological variables influencing the diversity and distribution of macrolichens colonizing Quercus leucotrichophora in Uttarakhand forest

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第2期15卷 307-318页

作者： Shashi UPADHYAY Arun K.JUgRAN Yogesh JOSHI Renu SUYAL Ranbeer S.RAWAL Lichenology laboratory S.S.J.Campus Kumaun University biodiversity Conservation & Management Ecosystem Services and Climate Change Group G.B.Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development g.b.pant national institute of himalayan environment and Sustainable Development Garhwal Unit

Ecological variables play a significant role in determining the diversity and distribution of any living organism on earth. Lichens are not exceptional and are quite sensitive in comparison to other organisms; hence the present study focuses on the impact of ecological variables on the diversity and distribution of epiphytic macrolichens colonizing Quercus leucotrichophora across eight different sites(50 m × 50 m) in Thal Ke Dhar forest, Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. For sampling of macrolichens, 200 trees(25 trees from each site) of *** were selected from each site and five quadrats of 5 cm × 10 cm(1000 quadrats in totality) were drawn at the tree trunk. From all the sampled trees, a total of 54 species of epiphytic macrolichens belonging to 18 genera and five families were recorded. Various ecological variables, namely altitude, aspect, slope, diameter at breast height(DbH), and lopping percent(partial cutting of the twigs as disturbance), were also analyzed to investigate their influence on macrolichen species composition and distribution pattern in the study area. For the determination of relationships between these variables, statistical analysis, namely Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, Polynomial regression analysis and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)were performed. Out of all variables, lopping was significantly correlated to species richness of epiphytic macrolichens(0.712~*, pby Pearson's Correlation *** of having high anthropogenic pressure or impact through lopping, the maximum number of macrolichen species was recorded at elevation 2267 meter above sea level(m asl). The present study revealed that besides other ecological variables,lopping practices can act as a key parameter incontrolling the diversity and distribution not only of epiphytic macrolichens but also of other life forms such as bryophytes, pteridophytes, insects, birds *** can be either negatively or positively correla

关键词： Conservation Epiphytic macrolichens Kumaun Himalaya Lopping Quercus banj oak

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Assessment of Reproductive Potential of Different Populations of Angelica glauca Edgew.,a Critically Endangered himalayan Medicinal Herb

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Journal of Mountain Science 2008年第1期5卷 84-90页

作者： Anil Kumar bisht Arvind bhatt R.S.Rawal Uppeandra Dhar g.b.pant institute of himalayan environment and Development Kosi-Katarmal Almora-263 643 (Uttarakhand)India

Angelica glauca is one of the important medicinal plants and it is widely used by indigenous communities for different purposes. The present study analyzes variability in reproductive characters of A. glauca. The reproductive parts were found having significant positive correlation with altitude (e.g.,number of umbellets /umber r= 0.857,pbel diameter r=0.735,p<0.05).

关键词： Angelica glauca critically endangered Himalaya medicinal plant population reproductive potential

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Crustal Deformation Revealed by gPS in Kumaun Himalaya,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第1期11卷 41-50页

作者： Rakesh K.DUMKA bahadur S.KOTLIA Kireet KUMAR gokul S.SATYAL Lalit M.JOSHI institute of Seismological Research Centre of Advanced Study in geology Kumaun University g.b.pant institute of himalayan environment and Development

The foremost global Positioning System(gPS) derived measurements in the Kumaun Himalaya indicate that most of the crustal motion of the Indian plate is accommodating towards the base as well as on the hanging wall of Main Central Thrust(MCT).Deformation pattern within the Kumaun Himalaya varies from south to north and indicates maximum deformation rate near *** study,based on the campaign mode gPS survey during 2003- 2006,reveals that the area between north of North Almora Thrust(NAT) and at the base of great Himalaya registers maximum strain rate,which is lowered towards the Trans Himadri Fault(THF).The gAMIT-gLObK processed campaign data of the area show that currently,the himalayan Frontal Fault(HFF) and Main boundary Thrust(MbT) are locked with the Indian plate,and a 6.7 ± 2.5 mm/yr of horizontal shortening is taking place between the Lesser Himalaya and Peninsular India.

关键词： Kumaun Himalaya Faults thrust systems Deformation Convergence Crustal strain

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Vulnerability assessment of the Satluj catchment for sustainable development of hydroelectric projects in the northwestern Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第12期16卷 2714-2738页

作者： Jagdish Chandra KUNIYAL Amit JAMWAL Nidhi KANWAR bhim CHAND Kireet KUMAR Pitamber Prasad DHYANI g.b.pant national institute of himalayan environment and Sustainable Development Kosi-KatarmalAlmora-263643UttarakhandIndia g.b.pant national institute of himalayan environment and Sustainable Development Himachal Regional CentreMohal-Kullu-175126Himachal PradeshIndia Sri Dev Suman Uttarakhand University BadshahitholTehriUttarakhandIndia

Hydropower if scientifically developed is considered to be one of the clean and non-polluted renewable energy *** its impacts always exist on physical and social environment of the *** present study was conducted in the River Satluj basin which is well known for its hydropower *** main objective of the study was to understand the vulnerability of the Satluj basin and to develop a strategy for the development of hydropower *** basin has been facing many problems relating to construction of haphazard development of hydropower *** has led multi-hazards like landslides,floods,earthquakes,***,vulnerability assessment index was assessed quantitatively and *** Information System and people’s perception were used to study these aspects in the *** parameters considered for vulnerability assessment were slope,slope profile,relative relief,curvature,slope aspect,soil texture,lithology,river morphometry,precipitation,hydroelectric projects,land use and land cover,mass-movement,flood,geological elements and earthquake *** highest vulnerability was found in the middle zone,and finally on the basis of parameters analyzed;the hydropower’s development strategy was developed.

关键词： Hazards Vulnerability assessment Hydroelectric projects Sustainable development Satluj basin

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