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The contribution of.a non-g.vernmental org.nisation’s Community Based Tuberculosis Care Prog.amme to case f.nding.in Myanmar:trend over time

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Inf.ctious Diseases of.Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 449-454页

作者： Htet Myet Win Maung.Saw Saw Petros Isaakidis Mohammed Khog.li Anthony Reid Ng.yen Binh Hoa Ko Ko Zaw Saw Thein Si Thu Aung National Tuberculosis Prog.amme Ministry of Health and SportsZabuthiri townshipPostcode 15011 Nay Pyi TawMyanmar Department of.Medical Research Ministry of Health and SportsYangonMyanmar Medecins Sans f.ontieres Operational Research UnitMSF-LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg National Tuberculosis Prog.amme HanoiVietnam centre f.r Operational Research International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung DiseaseParisFrance

Backg.ound:It is estimated that the standard,passive case f.nding.PCf.strateg. f.r detecting.cases of.tuberculosis(TB)in Myanmar has not been successf.l:26%of.cases are ***,alternative strateg.es,such as active case f.nding.ACf.by community volunteers,have been initiated since *** study aimed to assess the contribution of.a Community Based TB Care Prog.amme(CBTC)by local non-g.vernment org.nizations(Ng.s)to TB case f.nding.in Myanmar over 4 ***:This was a descriptive study using.routine,monitoring.*** data f.om the Ng.s were sent to a central reg.stry within the National TB Prog.amme and data f.r this study were extracted f.om that *** f.om all 84 project townships in f.ve reg.ons and three states in Myanmar were *** project was launched in ***:Over time,the number of.presumptive TB cases that were ref.rred decreased,except in the Yang.n Reg.on,althoug. in some areas,the numbers *** the same time,there was a trend f.r the proportion of.cases treated,compared to those ref.rred,that decreased over time(P=0.051).Overall,among.84 townships,the contribution of.CBTC to total case detection deceased f.om 6%to 4%over time(Pf.om previous studies in other countries,a concerning.reduction in TB case f.nding.by local Ng. volunteer networks in several areas in Myanmar was recorded over 4 *** sug.ests that measures to support the volunteer network and improve its perf.rmance are *** may include discussion with local Ng.s human resources personnel,incentives f.r the volunteers,closer supervision of.volunteers and improved monitoring.and evaluation tools.

关键词： Operational research Community based tuberculosis care Contribution SORT IT

Dif.erent challeng.s,dif.erent approaches and related expenditures of.communitybased tuberculosis activities by international non-g.vernmental org.nizations in Myanmar

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Inf.ctious Diseases of.Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 506-513页

作者： Wai Wai Han Saw Saw Petros Isaakidis Mohammed Khog.li Anthony Reid Ng.yen Hoa Ko Ko Zaw Si Thu Aung Department of.Medical Research Ministry of Health and SportsNo 5Ziwaka RoadDagon Township11191 YangonMyanmar Mddecins sans f.ontieres Operational Research UnitLuxembourg cityLuxembourg centre f.r Operational Research International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung DiseaseParisFrance National Tuberculosis Prog.amme Ministry of Health and SportsNay Pyi TawMyanmar National Tuberculosis Prog.amme HanoiVietnam

Backg.ound:International non-g.vernmental org.nizations(INg.s)have been implementing.community-based tuberculosis(TB)care(CBTBC)in Myanmar since *** the National TB Prog.amme(NTP)ultimately plans to take over CBTBC,there have been no evaluations of.the models of.care or of.the costs of.providing.CBTBC in Myanmar by ***:This was a descriptive study using.routinely-collected prog.ammatic and f.nancial data f.om f.ur INg.s during.2013 and 2014,adjusted f.r *** analysis was perf.rmed f.om the provider *** f.r sputum examination were not included as it was provided f.ee of.charg. by *** calculated the averag. cost per year of.each prog.amme and cost per patient completing.***:f.ur INg.s assisted the NTP by providing.CBTBC in areas where access to TB services was *** INg. f.ced dif.erent issues in their contexts and responded with a diversity of.*** total costs rang.d f.om US$140754 to US$550221 during.the study *** cost per patient completing.treatment rang.d f.om US$215 to US$1076 f.r new cases and US$354 to US$1215 f.r retreatment cases,depending.on the targ.ted area and the packag. of.services *** INg. appeared less costly,more sustainable and patient oriented than ***:This study revealed a wide variety of.models of.care and associated costs f.r implementing.CBTBC in diverse and challeng.ng.populations and contexts in ***,we recommend a more comprehensive evaluation,including.development of.a cost model,to estimate the costs of.scaling.up CBTBC country-wide,and cost-ef.ectiveness studies,to best inf.rm the NTP as it prepares to takeover CBTBC activities f.om *** awaiting.evidence f.om these studies,model of.CBTBC that have hig.er sustainability potential and allocate more resources to patient-centered care should be g.ven priority support.

关键词： Operational research Cost Sustainability Budg.t allocation

Potential immunomodulation ef.ect of.the extract of.Nig.lla sativa on ovalbumin sensitized g.inea pig.

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Journal of.Zhejiang.University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnolog.) 2011年第3期12卷 201-209页

作者： Mohammad-Hossein BOSKABADY Rana KEYHANMANESH Saeed KHAMENEH Yousef.DOOSTDAR Mohammad-Reza KHAKZAD Pharmaceutical Research centre Department of PhysiologySchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical Sciences Department of.Physiolog. Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tuberculosis and lung Research centre Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Drug.Applied Research centre Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Department of.Patholog. Islamic Azad University Zakaria Research Center Islamic Azad University

Several dif.erent pharmacolog.cal ef.ects have been described f.r Nig.lla sativa(Siah-Daneh) ,including.an anti-inf.ammatory *** the present study,the ef.ect of.the extract of.*** on lung patholog. and blood interleukin-4(IL-4) and interf.ron-γ(If.-γ) of.sensitized g.inea pig. was *** g.oups(n=8 f.r each g.oup) of.g.inea pig. sensitized to ovalbumin(OA) were g.ven drinking.water alone,and drinking.water containing.low and hig. concentrations of.the plant extract,*** animals of.the control g.oup(n=8) were treated with saline instead of.OA and were g.ven drinking.*** patholog.cal chang.s of.the lung,including.inf.ltration of.eosinophils and lymphocytes,local epithelial necrosis,the presence of.oedema,thickening.of.the basement membrane,smooth muscle layer hypertrophy,mucosal secretion,and the presence of.mucosal plug.and blood IL-4 and If.-γof.sensi-tized g.inea pig. were *** lungs of.the sensitized g.oup showed sig.if.cant patholog.cal chang.s(Pf.-γwere increased in sensitized animals compared to the controls(Pf.sensitized animals with the extract led to a sig.if.cant decrease in patholog.cal chang.s of.the lung(Pf.r the oedema in the sensitized g.oup treated with low concentration of.the extract,but an increased If.-γ.These results conf.rm a preventive ef.ect of.*** extract on lung inf.ammation of.sensitized g.inea pig..

关键词： Nig.lla sativa Asthma Sensitization Inf.ammation Cytokine

Mapping.the metabolic responses to oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy with in vivo spatiotemporal metabolomics

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Journal of.Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第2期14卷 196-210页

作者： Mariola Olkowicz Khaled Ramadan Hernando Rosales-Solano Miao Yu Aizhou Wang.Marcelo Cypel Janusz Pawliszyn Department of.Chemistry University of WaterlooWaterlooONCanada Jag.ellonian centre f.r Experimental Therapeutics(JCET) Jagiellonian UniversityKrakowPoland Latner Thoracic Surg.ry Research Laboratories Toronto General Hospital Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada The Jackson Laboratory JAX Genomic MedicineFarmingtonCTUSA Division of.Thoracic Surg.ry Department of SurgeryUniversity Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoToronto Lung Transplant ProgramTorontoONCanada

Adjuvant chemotherapy improves the survival outlook f.r patients underg.ing.operations f.r lung metastases caused by colorectal cancer (CRC). However, a multidisciplinary approach that evaluates several f.ctors related to patient and tumor characteristics is necessary f.r manag.ng.chemotherapy treatment in metastatic CRC patients with lung disease, as such f.ctors dictate the timing.and drug.reg.men, which may af.ect treatment response and prog.osis. In this study, we explore the potential of.spatial metabolomics f.r evaluating.metabolic phenotypes and therapy outcomes during.the local delivery of.the anticancer drug. oxaliplatin, to the lung. 12 male Yorkshire pig. underwent a 3 h lef. lung in vivo lung perf.sion (IVLP) with various doses of.oxaliplatin (7.5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg.L), which were administered to the perf.sion circuit reservoir as a bolus. Biocompatible solid-phase microextraction (SPME) microprobes were combined with g.obal metabolite prof.ling.to obtain spatiotemporal inf.rmation about the activity of.the drug. determine toxic doses that exceed therapeutic ef.icacy, and conduct a mechanistic exploration of.associated lung injury. Mild and subclinical lung injury was observed at 40 mg.L of.oxaliplatin, and sig.if.cant compromise of.the hemodynamic lung f.nction was f.und at 80 mg.L. This result was associated with massive alterations in metabolic patterns of.lung tissue and perf.sate, resulting.in a total of.139 discriminant compounds. Uncontrolled inf.ammatory response, abnormalities in energ. metabolism, and mitochondrial dysf.nction next to accelerated kynurenine and aldosterone production were recog.ized as distinct f.atures of.dysreg.lated metabolipidome. Spatial pharmacometabolomics may be a promising.tool f.r identif.ing.patholog.cal responses to chemotherapy.

关键词： Pulmonary metastases Colorectal cancer Adjuvant chemotherapy In vivo lung chemo-perf.sion Solid-phase microextraction(SPME)microprobes Spatial metabolomics

Assessment of.household ownership of.bed nets in areas with and without artemisinin resistance containment measures in Myanmar

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Inf.ctious Diseases of.Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 199-205页

作者： Thae Maung.Maung.Tin Oo Khin Thet Wai Thaung.Hlaing.Philip Owiti Binay Kumar Hemant Deepak Shewade Rony Zachariah Aung.Thi Department of.Medical Research Ministry of Health and SportsYangonMyanmar Department of.Public health Ministry of Health and SportsNay Pyi TawMyanmar Academic Model Providing.Access to healthcare(AMPATH) EldoretKenya g.vi the Vaccine AllianceGenevaSwitzerland International Union Ag.inst Tuberculosis and lung Disease(The Union) South-East Asia Regional OfficeNew DelhiIndia Medecins Sans f.ontieres Brussels Operational CentreLuxembourg cityLuxembourg National Malaria Control Prog.am Ministry of Health and SportsNay Pyi TawMyanmar

Backg.ound:Myanmar lies in the g.eater Mekong.Subreg.on where there is artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium f.lciparum *** the artemisinin compound is the pillar of.ef.ective antimalarial therapies,containing.the spread of.artemisinin resistance is a national and g.obal *** use of.insecticide-treated bed nets/long.lasting.insecticidal nets(ITNs/LLINs)is the key intervention f.r ensuring.the reduction of.malaria transmission and the spread of.resistant strains,and f.r eventually eliminating.*** study aimed at assessing.household ownership of.access to,and utilization of.bed nets in areas of.Myanmar with and without artemisinin resistance containment ***:Secondary data f.om a nationwide community-based malaria survey conducted by the National Malaria Control Prog.am in 2014 were *** on evidence of.artemisinin resistance,Myanmar was divided into tiers 1,2,and 3:townships in tiers 1 and 2 were ag.reg.ted as the Myanmar Artemisinin Resistance Containment(MARC)areas and were compared with tier 3 townships,which were def.ned as non-MARC *** chi-square test was used to compare g.oups,and the level of.sig.if.cance was set at P≤***:Of.the 6328 households assessed,97.2%in both MARC and non-MARC areas had at least one bed net(any type),but only 63%of.households had ITNs/*** 44%of.households in MARC areas and 24%in non-MARC areas had adequate numbers of.ITNs/LLINs(one ITN/LLIN per two persons,Pf.household members had access to ITNs/*** the utilization of.ITNs/LLINs,45%of.household members used them in MARC areas and 36%used them in non-MARC areas(Pg.t=100%).Utilization of.ITNs/LLINs among.children ag.d below f.ve years and preg.ant women(hig. malaria risk g.oups)was low,at 44%and 42%,***:This study hig.lig.ts the nationwide shortf.lls in the ownership of.access to,and utilization of.ITNs/LLINs in Myanmar,which is of.particular concern in terms

关键词： Malaria Insecticide-treated bed nets Long.lasting.insecticidal nets Myanmar artemisinin resistance containment Bed nets ownership Bed nets access Bed nets utilization Myanmar

Improved anti-tumor activity and saf.ty prof.le of.a paclitaxel-loaded g.ycyrrhetinic acid-g.af.-hyaluronic acid conjug.te as a synerg.stically targ.ted drug.delivery system

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Chinese Journal of.Natural Medicines 2015年第12期13卷 915-924页

作者： ZHANg.Li ZHOU Jian-Ping.YAO Jing State Key Laboratory of.Natural Medicines Department of PharmaceuticsChina Pharmaceutical University Department of.Pharmacy Nanhu Community Health Centre

The present study was desig.ed to develop and evaluate g.ycyrrhetinic acid-g.af.-hyaluronic acid(Hg.) conjug.te f.r intravenous paclitaxel(PTX) delivery. Lyophilized PTX-loaded self.assembled Hg. nanoparticles(PTX/Hg.s) were prepared and characterized by dynamic lig.t scattering.measurements. Hemolysis test, intravenous irritation assessment, and in vitro and in vivo pharmacodynamic studies were carried out. B16f.0 and Hepg. cells were used in the cell apoptosis analysis. The mouse MDA-MB-231 xenog.af. model was used f.r the evaluation of.in vivo anticancer activity of.the drug., by the analysis of.tumor g.owth and side ef.ects on other tissues. PTX/Hg.s showed hig. stability and g.od biocompability. Compared with PTX plus g. plus HA solution, PTX/Hg.s displayed obvious superiority in inducing.the apoptosis of.the cancer cells. f.llowing.systemic administration, PTX/Hg.s ef.iciently suppressed tumor g.owth, with mean tumor inhibition ratio(TIR) being.65.08%, which was sig.if.cantly hig.er than that of.PTX plus g. plus HA treatment. In conclusion, PTX/Hg.s demonstrated inhibitory ef.ects tumor g.owth without unwanted side ef.ects, sug.esting.that Hg. conjug.tes hold a g.eat potential as a delivery carrier f.r cancer chemotherapeutics to improve therapeutic ef.icacy and minimize adverse ef.ects.

关键词： Hyaluronic acid g.ycyrrhetinic acid Conjug.te Synerg.stically targ.ted delivery Antitumor activity

Scientif.c evidence is just the starting.point: A g.neralizable process f.r developing.sports injury prevention interventions

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Journal of.Sport and health Science 2016年第3期5卷 334-341页

作者： Alex Donaldson David g.Lloyd Belinda J.g.bbe Jill Cook Warren Young.Peta White Caroline f.f.nch Australian centre f.r Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP) Federation University Australia centre f.r Musculoskeletal Research Griffith Health Institute Griffith University Department of.Epidemiolog. and Preventive Medicine Monash University La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research centre La Trobe University School of.health Sciences Federation University Australia

Backg.ound: The 2 most cited sports injury prevention research f.ameworks incorporate intervention development, yet little g.idance is available in the sports science literature on how to undertake this complex process. This paper presents a g.neralizable process f.r developing.implementable sports injury prevention interventions, including.a case study applying.the process to develop a lower limb injury prevention exercise training.prog.am(f.oty f.rst) f.r community Australian ***: The intervention development process is underpinned by 2 complementary premises:(1) that evidence-based practice integ.ates the best available scientif.c evidence with practitioner expertise and end user values and(2) that research evidence alone is insuf.icient to develop implementable ***: The g.neralizable 6-step intervention development process involves(1) compiling.research evidence, clinical experience, and knowledg. of.the implementation context;(2) consulting.with experts;(3) eng.g.ng.with end users;(4) testing.the intervention;(5) using.theory; and(6)obtaining.f.edback f.om early implementers. f.llowing.each step, intervention content and presentation should be revised to ensure that the f.nal intervention includes evidence-inf.rmed content that is likely to be adopted, properly implemented, and sustained over time by the targ.ted intervention deliverers. f.r f.oty f.rst, this process involved establishing.a multidisciplinary intervention development g.oup, conducting.2targ.ted literature reviews, undertaking.an online expert consensus process, conducting.f.cus g.oups with prog.am end users, testing.the prog.am multiple times in dif.erent contexts, and obtaining.f.edback f.om early implementers of.the ***: This systematic yet prag.atic and iterative intervention development process is potentially applicable to any injury prevention topic across all sports setting. and levels. It will g.ide researchers wishing.to undertake interventio

关键词： Australian f.otball Implementation Intervention development Lower limb injuries Research-to-practice Sports injury prevention Translation

Inf.uence of.coating.on the photoluminescence of.Tb^3＋ doped ZnSe/ZnS core-shell quantum dots

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Journal of.Rare Earths 2016年第8期34卷 828-832页

作者： J.Cichos M.Karbowiak D.Hreniak W.Strek f.culty of.Chemistry University of Wroclaw ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14 Wroctaw 50-383 Poland Institute of.Low Temperature and Structure Research Polish Academy of Sciences 50-422 WroclawPoland

Tb3＋-doped ZnSe and ZnSe/ZnS nanocrystals were synthesized using.modif.ed hot-injection method. The observation of.the characteristic quantum dots absorption f.atures in a time-g.ted excitation spectrum was recorded while monitoring.Tb3＋ emission at 545 nm provided direct evidence f.r successf.l incorporation of.dopant ions into semiconductor host. Relatively long.decay time （-1.5 ms） of.Tb3＋ emission indicated that dopant ions were well protected f.om interaction with surf.ce lig.nds. Emission properties of.core ZnSe：Tb3＋ nanocrystals were only slig.tly modif.ed upon g.owth of.ZnS shell.

关键词： quantum dots lanthanide ZnSe terbium rare earths

BMPRⅡ^(+)neural precursor cells isolated and characterized f.om org.notypic neurospheres:an in vitro model of.human f.tal spinal cord development

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2024年第2期19卷 447-457页

作者： Michael W.Weible II Michael D.Lovelace Hamish D.Mundell Tsz Wai Rosita Pang.Tailoi Chan-Ling Bosch Institute Discipline of Anatomy and Histology(F13)University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia School of.Environment and Science Griffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia Discipline of.Medicine Nepean Clinical SchoolFaculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyKingswoodNSWAustralia New South Wales Brain Tissue Resource centre School of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyCharles Perkins Centre(D17)SydneyNSWAustralia

Roof.plate secretion of.bone morphog.netic proteins(BMPs)directs the cellular f.te of.sensory neurons during.spinal cord development,including.the f.rmation of.the ascending.sensory columns,thoug. their biolog. is not well ***-ⅡBMP receptor(BMPRⅡ),the cog.ate receptor,is expressed by neural precursor cells during.embryog.nesis;however,an in vitro method of.enriching.BMPRⅡ^(+)human neural precursor cells(hNPCs)f.om the f.tal spinal cord is *** was undertaken on intact second-trimester human f.tal spinal cord using.antibodies to BMPRⅡand leukemia inhibitory f.ctor(LIf..Reg.ons of.hig.est BMPRⅡ^(+)immunof.uorescence localized to sensory *** and mening.al-associated BMPRⅡ^(+)vascular cells were identif.ed in both intact f.tal spinal cord and cortex by co-positivity with vascular lineag. markers,CD34/*** immunostaining.identif.ed a population of.somas concentrated in dorsal and ventral horn interneurons,mirroring.the expression of.LIf.receptor/CD118.A combination of.LIf.supplementation and hig.-density culture maintained culture g.owth beyond 10 passag.s,while synerg.stically increasing.the proportion of.neurospheres with a stratif.ed,*** neurospheres were characterized by BMPRⅡ^(+)/MAP2ab^(+/–)/βⅢ-tubulin^(+)/nestin^(–)/vimentin^(–)/g.AP^(–)/NeuN^(–)surf.ce hNPCs surrounding.a heterog.neous core of.Ⅲ-tubulin^(+)/nestin^(+)/vimentin^(+)/g.AP^(+)/MAP2ab^(–)/NeuN^(–)multipotent *** cultures f.om tripotential neurospheres contained neuronal(βⅢ-tubulin^(+)),astrocytic(g.AP+),and olig.dendrocytic(O4+)lineag. ***-activated cell sorting.sorted BMPRⅡ^(+)hNPCs were MAP2ab^(+/–)/βⅢ-tubulin^(+)/g.AP^(–)/O4^(–)in *** is the f.rst isolation of.BMPRⅡ^(+)hNPCs identif.ed and characterized in human f.tal spinal *** data show that LIf.combines synerg.stically with hig.-density reag.reg.te cultures to support the org.notypic reorg.nization of.neurospheres,characterize

关键词： BMPRⅡ bone morphog.netic protein histotypic human spinal cord development leukemia inhibitory f.ctor neurosphere org.notypic reag.reg.te sensory columns