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Carbon Reduction Policies: A Regional Comparison of Their Contributions to CO_2 Abatement in Six Carbon Trading Pilot Schemes in China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2015年第4期8卷 233-237页

作者： XIU Jin-Feng CHOU Jie-Ming DONG Wen-Jie YANG Zhi-Yong DAI Ru-Feng State Key Laboratory of earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University future earth Research Institute Beijing Normal University Zhuhai

The contributions of carbon reduction policies were evaluated and compared for six carbon trading pilot schemes in China, in four municipalities(Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Chongqing) and two provinces(Guangdong and Hubei). The carbon emissions accounting method of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change was used to calculate the actual CO2 and the support vector machine model was used to predict CO2. Chinese carbon reduction policies abated CO2 in the six carbon trading pilot schemes after the comprehensive policies came into force. However, the contribution of policies to CO2 abatement varied among regions, and the effect of carbon reduction policy on municipality pilot schemes was greater than on provincial pilot schemes. The largest contribution of carbon reduction policy to CO2 abatement was 28.3%, for the pilot carbon trading scheme in Beijing, and the smallest contribution was 3.7%, for that in Hubei. It is crucial to consider "carbon leakage" and a carbon trading linking program in order to evaluate the effects of carbon reduction policies.

关键词： CO2 abatement carbon trading pilot scheme support vector machine reduction contribution

Implementation of the future earth programme in China:Chinese scientists at the forefront

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2015年第2期6卷 81-83页

作者： ZHOU Tian-Jun Chinese National Committee for future earth LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

As a 10-year international research programme jointly initiated by ICSU(International Council for Science),ISSC(International Social Science Council)and others,future earth aims to provide critical knowledge required for societies to face the challenges posed by global environmental change and to identify opportunities for a transition to global sustainability(FE,2013).The launching of future earth is the outcome of step change in global environment change research and funding strategy and meet the demands for connecting

关键词： programme funding launching jointly posed initiate

Developed and Developing World Contributions to Climate System Change Based on Carbon Dioxide,Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第5期33卷 632-643页

作者： Ting WEI Wenjie DONG Qing YAN Jieming CHOU Zhiyong YANG Di TIAN Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 State Key Laboratory of earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Future Earth Research InstituteBeijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087 Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029

One of the key issues in international climate negotiations is the formulation of targets for emissions reduction for all countries based on the principle of ＂common but differentiated responsibilities＂. This formulation depends primarily on the quantitative attribution of the responsibilities of developed and developing countries for historical climate change. Using the Commuity earth System Model（CESM）, we estimate the responsibilities of developed countries and developing countries for climatic change from 1850 to 2005 using their carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide emissions. The results indicate that developed countries contribute approximately 53%–61%, and developing countries approximately 39%–47%, to the increase in global air temperature, upper oceanic warming, sea-ice reduction in the NH, and permafrost degradation. In addition, the spatial heterogeneity of these changes from 1850 to 2005 is primarily attributed to the emissions of greenhouse gases（GHGs）in developed countries. Although uncertainties remain in the climate model and the external forcings used, GHG emissions in developed countries are the major contributor to the observed climate system changes in the 20 th century.

关键词： greenhouse gases earth system model climate change climate modeling

future earth activities in China: Towards a national sustainable development

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2015年第2期6卷 84-91页

作者： WANG Chuan-Yi ZHOU Tian-Jun LIN Zheng JIN Nan LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Chinese National Committee for future earth Editorial Division Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

This article provides an overview to future earth activities carried out by the Chinese National Committee for future earth(CNC-FE).future earth is an international research programme which aims to provide critical knowledge to face the challenges posed by global environmental change and to identify opportunities for a transition to global ***-FE is the main body devoted to implementing the future earth programme in *** future earth themes and national science needs,CNC-FE has identified 14 priority *** its establishment,it has conducted an array of activities to fulfill its missions,including implementing projects,convening international meetings,translating and publishing future earth and CNC-FE related documents and promoting future earth and CNC-FE on various outreach ***-FE closely follows future earth's development and meanwhile integrates its themes with Chinese *** is hoped that implementing future earth in China can boost global environmental change including climate change research in China and also have positive implications for developing countries who are trying to adapt to climate change and address the challenges for the national sustainable development.

关键词： future earth Global sustainability research The Ch

Niches of dominant fish in the waters surrounding the Taishan Islands, China

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2016年第4期34卷 697-708页

作者：杨璐陈杰杨圣云钟慧琪鞠培龙杨顺良孙芹芹陈明茹 College of Ocean and earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361105 China Fujian Institute of Oceanography Xiamen 361013 China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of coast and Island Management Technology Study Xiamen 361013 China

An index of relative importance(IRI) was employed to screen for dominant fish in the waters surrounding the Taishan Islands, China, using data from four seasonal trawl surveys undertaken between 2012 and 2013. Niche breadth and niche overlap were measured using the Feinsinger and Morisita-Horn indices, respectively, and the characteristics and seasonal variations in the niches of dominant fish were assessed via non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS) and cluster analysis. A total of 80 fish species, including 16 dominant species, were recorded. Only A mblychaeturichthys hexanema was dominant in all seasons. According to niche breadth values and NMDS, the 16 dominant species were grouped into the following three types:(1) wide niche breadth species, including Cynoglossus macrolepidotus, A. hexanema, and Trypauchen vagina, among others;(2) medium niche breadth species, including Setipinna taty and Johnius belangerii; and(3) narrow niche breadth species, including A trobucca nibe and Coilia mystus. Most species with a wider niche breadth were demersal fish with a lower swimming capability and even distribution. The niche breadth of migrating fish was narrower than that of settled fish. At a given spatial scale, fish with stronger swimming capabilities had a narrower niche breadth. Niche overlap, which is associated with niche specialization, ranged from 0.000 to 0.886 and had an annual mean value of 0.314. In summer and autumn, niche overlap was relatively high within species of the Sciaenidae family and within species of the Gobiidae in autumn. Dif ferences in thermophily, feeding habits, food organism abundance/distribution and predator-prey relationships af fected the niche overlap of fish in this area. Cluster analysis revealed that species with the narrowest niche breadth and lowest niche overlap values usually displayed lower aggregation and greater distribution dif ferences compared with other species.

关键词： Taishan Islands dominant fish niche breadth niche overlap niche specialization

Pollen-inferred vegetation and environmental changes in the central Tibetan Plateau since 8200 yr BP

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Science China earth Sciences 2009年第8期52卷 1104-1114页

作者： LIU Kam-Biu Carrie MORRILL Jonathan T. OVERPECK Julia E. COLE Department of Oceanography and coastal Sciences School of the Coast and Environment Louisiana State University NOAA Paleoclimatology Program and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) Institute for the Study of Planet earth and Department of Geosciences University of Arizona

The ecotone between alpine steppe and meadow in the central Tibetan Plateau is sensitive to climate changes. Here we used the pollen records from three lakes in this region to reconstruct the evolution of local vegetation and climate since 8200 cal. yr BP. The history of temperature and precipitation was reconstructed quantitatively with multi-bioclimatic indexes and a transfer function from pollen records. Results show that the steppe/meadow dominated during the period of 8200―6500 cal. yr BP, especially 8200―7200 cal. yr BP, indicating the central Tibetan Plateau was controlled by strong monsoon. The steppe dominated during the periods of 6000―4900, 4400―3900, and 2800―2400 cal. yr BP. The steppe decreased gradually and the meadow expanded during the period of 4900―4400 cal. yr BP. Three century-scale drought events occurred during 5800―4900, 4400―3900 and 2800 cal. yr BP, respectively. The first time when the regional climate shifted to the present level was at 6500 cal. yr BP in the central Plateau. Since 3000 cal. yr BP, the temperature and precipitation have decreased gradually to the present level. However, the cold climate between 700―300 cal. yr BP likely corresponds to the Little Ice Age.

关键词： the meadow-steppe ecotone (MSE) pollen record bioclimatic index central Tibetan Plateau

Removing ammonium from water and wastewater using cost-effective adsorbents:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第1期30卷 174-197页

作者： Jianyin Huang Nadeeka Rathnayake Kankanamge Christopher Chow David T.Welsh Tianling Li Peter R.Teasdale Natural and Built Environments Research Centre School of Natural and Built EnvironmentsUniversity of South AustraliaSA 5095Australia future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaSA 5095Australia Enuironmental futures Research Institute School of EnuironmentGriffith UniuersityGold Coast campusQLD 4215Australia

Ammonium is an important nutrient in primary production; however, high ammonium loads can cause eutrophication of natural waterways, contributing to undesirable changes in water quality and ecosystem structure. While ammonium pollution comes from diffuse agricultural sources, making control difficult, industrial or municipal point sources such as wastewater treatment plants also contribute significantly to overall ammonium *** latter sources can be targeted more readily to control ammonium release into water systems. To assist policy makers and researchers in understanding the diversity of treatment options and the best option for their circumstance, this paper produces a comprehensive review of existing treatment options for ammonium removal with a particular focus on those technologies which offer the highest rates of removal and cost-effectiveness. Ion exchange and adsorption material methods are simple to apply, cost-effective, environmentally friendly technologies which are quite efficient at removing ammonium from treated water. The review presents a list of adsorbents from the literature, their adsorption capacities and other parameters needed for ammonium removal. Further, the preparation of adsorbents with high ammonium removal capacities and new adsorbents is discussed in the context of their relative cost, removal efficiencies, and limitations. Efficient, cost-effective, and environmental friendly adsorbents for the removal of ammonium on a large scale for commercial or water treatment plants are provided. In addition, future perspectives on removing ammonium using adsorbents are presented.

关键词： Ammonium Water treatment Capacities Cost-effective Environmental friendly

Measurement and Analysis of Thermal Conductivity of Rocks in the Tarim Basin,Northwest China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第3期85卷 598-609页

作者： LIU Shaowen FENG Changge WANG Liangshu LI Cheng Key Laboratory of coast and Island Development MOE Nanjing University＂ School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China School of earth Science and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China

As a parameter that describes heat transmission properties of rocks,thermal conductivity is indispensable for studying the thermal regime of sedimentary basins,and retrieving high-quality data of thermal conductivity is the basis for geothermal related *** optical scanning method is used here to measure the thermal conductivity of 745 drill-core samples from the Tarim basin,the largest intermontane basin with abundant hydrocarbon potential in China,and water saturation correction is made for clastic rock samples that are of variable *** the measured values,combined with previously published data in this area,are integrated to discuss the distribution characteristics and major controlling factors that affect the thermal conductivity of rocks in the *** results show that the values of thermal conductivity of rocks generally range from 1.500 to 3.000 W/m·K with a mean of 2.304 W/m·*** conductivity differs considerably between lithological types：the value of a coal sample is found to be the lowest as being only 0.249 W/m·K,while the values for salt rock samples are the highest with a mean of 4.620 W/m·***,it is also found that the thermal conductivity of the same or similar lithologic types shows considerable differences,suggesting that thermal conductivity cannot be used for distinguishing the rock *** thermal conductivity values of mudstone and sandstone generally increase with increasing burial depth and geological age of the formation,reflecting the effect of porosity of rocks on thermal *** general,the mineral composition,fabric and porosity of rocks are the main factors that affect the thermal *** research also reveals that the obvious contrast in thermal conductivity of coal and salt rock with other common sedimentary rocks can induce subsurface temperature anomalies in the overlying and underlying formations,which can modify the thermal evolution and maturity of the source rocks ***

关键词： thermal conductivity petrophysics Tarim basin

Biomass-derived porous carbon materials for advanced lithium sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第7期28卷 171-185页

作者： Poting Liu Yunyi Wang Jiehua Liu future Energy Laboratory School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology

Biomass, as the most widely used carbon sources, is the main ingredient in the formation of fossil fuels. Biomass-derived novel carbons(BDNCs) have attracted much attention because of its adjustable physical/chemical properties, environmentally friendliness, and considerable economic value. Nature contributes to the biomass with bizarre microstructures with micropores, mesopores or hierarchical ***, it has been confirmed that biomass has great potential applications in energy storage devices,especially in lithium-sulfur(Li–S) batteries. In this article, the synthesis and function of BDNCs for Li–S batteries are presented, and the electrochemical effects of structural diversity, porosity and surface heteroatom doping of the carbons in Li-S batteries are discussed. In addition, the economic benefits, new trends and challenges are also proposed for further design excellent BDNCs for Li–S batteries.

关键词： Biomass-derived carbon materials Lithium-sulfur battery Porous carbon Carbohydrate Cellulose