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Virtual network embedding through node connectivity

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2015年第1期22卷 17-23,56页

作者： Ding Jian Huang Tao Wang Jian Hu Wenbo Liu Jiang Liu Yunjie State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Future Network Industry Innovation center of China

Virtual network embedding （VNE） is an essential part of network virtualization, which is considered as one of the most promising way for the future network. Its main object is to efficiently assign the nodes and links of a virtual network （VN） to a shared substrate network （SN）, The NP-hard and exiting studies have put forward several heuristic algorithms. However, most of the algorithms only consider the local resource of nodes, such as CPU and bandwidth （BW）, to decide the embedding, and ignore the significant impact of network attributes. Based on the attributes of entire network, a model of the connectivity between each pair of nodes was formulated to measure the resource ranking of the nodes, and a new two-stage embedding algorithm was proposed. Thereafter, the node mapping and link mapping can be jointly considered. Extensive simulation shows that the proposed algorithm improves the performance of VNE by increasing the revenue/cost ratio and acceptance ratio of VN requests while reducing the runtime.

关键词： virtual network virtualization VNE attributes of entire network connectivity

Preparation, identification, and clinical application ofanti-HBs monoclonal antibody that binds both wild-typeand immune escape mutant HBsAgs

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Frontiers of Medicine 2009年第3期3卷 277-283页

作者： Fanghe LI Chunyan ZHANG Jinghua LIU Xiaoyan ZHANG Bing YAN Bo ZHANG Yongguo HUANG Jingsong GONG Yan CHEN Experimental center of Medical Sciences Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Using a standard cellular fusion technique and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),a hybridoma cell line strain secreting anti-HBs monoclonal antibody(mAb)(deﬁned G6 mAb)was obtained.The cells grew and secreted mAb stably.Antibody titers in the culture supernatant and ascites were 2.048�106 and 4.096�106,respectively.By applying the anti-HBs G6 mAb and horseradish peroxidase(HRP)-labeled goat anti-HBs antibody,we developed a sandwich ELISA(deﬁned G6m ELISA)for detecting both wild-type and immune escape mutant HBsAgs(IEM HBsAg).The assay was performed to detect 17 species of genome recombinant expression HBsAg,including two wild-type species and 15 IEM HBsAg species,which varied in the“a”determinant,in a group of patients infected with hepatitis B virus(HBV).The patients previously had a lower ELISA detection signal[(absorbance of patients/absorbance of normal people(P/N):1.0–4.5)].The results demonstrated that the sensitivity of this assay to wild-type HBsAg was no less than 0.125μg/L;12 of 15 IEM HBsAg species(P/N≥2.5)were positive for G6 mAb.Of the positive IEM HBsAg species,two had a low absorbance value at 450 nm(A450),one had an intermediate A450 value and nine had a high A450 value,which was 7.55%(mean),59.4%and 92.1%–109.4%of the wild-type A450 value,respectively.The two species with low A450 value and the three negative species mutated at the bases 120–124 in theﬁrst loop of the HBV“a”determinant.Using the G6 ELISA and two commercial ELISA kits(A and B),177 patients were tested.The G6 ELISA had a signiﬁcantly higher detection rate than either commercial ELISAs(19.21%vs 14.89%and 6.21%,respectively;P<0.01,P<0.05,respectively).

关键词： hepatitis B virus gene variation hepatitis B surface antigen immune escape enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay

Accelerated procedure to solve kinetic equation for neutral atoms in a hot plasma

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International Journal of Modeling, simulation, and Scientific Computing 2018年第5期9卷 233-246页

作者： Mikhail Z.Tokar Institute for Energy and Climate Research—Plasma Physics(IEK-4)Research center J¨ulich J¨ulich52428Germany

By reaching the first wall of a fusion reactor, charged plasma particles, electrons and ionsare recombined into neutral molecules and atoms of hydrogen isotopes. These speciesrecycle back into the plasma volume and participate, in particular, in charge–exchange(cx) collisions with ions. As a result, hot atoms with chaotically directed velocities aregenerated and some of them hit the wall. Statistical Monte Carlo methods often usedto model the behavior of cx atoms are too time-consuming for comprehensive parameter studies. Recently1 an alternative iteration approach to solve one-dimensional kineticequation2 has been significantly accelerated, by a factor of 30–50, by applying a passmethod to evaluate the arising integrals from functions, involving the ion velocity distribution. Here, this approach is used by solving a two-dimensional kinetic equation,describing the transport of cx atoms in the vicinity of an opening in the wall, e.g.,the entrance of a duct guiding to a diagnostic installation. To assess the erosion rateand lifetime of the installation, one need to know the energy spectrum of hot cx atomsescaping from the plasma into the duct. Calculations are done for a first mirror of molybdenum under plasma conditions expected in a fusion reactor like DEMO.3,4 The resultsof kinetic modeling are compared with those found by using a diffusion approximation5relevant for cx atoms if the time between cx collisions with ions is much smaller thanthe time till the ionization of atoms by electrons. The present more exact kinetic consideration predicts a mirror erosion rate by a factor of 2 larger than the approximatediffusion approach.

关键词： Kinetic equation numerical solution neutrals plasma.

Adaptive feedback cancellation based on variable step-size affine projection for hearing aids

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2015年第1期22卷 6-10,56页

作者： Qin Haijuan Zhang Linghua College of Telecommunication & Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research center of Telecommunications and Network Technology

A new variable step-size （VSS） affine projection algorithm （APA）（VSS-APA） was proposed for adaptive feedback cancellation suitable for hearing aids. So, a nonlinear function between step-size and estimation error is established and automatically adjusted according to the change of the estimation error, which leads to low misalignment and fast convergence speed. Analysis of the proposed algorithm offers large capacities in converging to the objective system. simulation shows that the proposed algorithm achieves lower misalignment and faster convergence speed compared to fixed step-size APA and conventional adaptive algorithms.

关键词： adaptive feedback cancellation VSS APA adaptive filter hearing aids

Genetic gain and inbreeding from simulation of different genomic mating schemes for pig improvement

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第4期14卷 1363-1376页

作者： Fuping Zhao Pengfei Zhang Xiaoqing Wang Deniz Akdemir Dorian Garrick Jun He Lixian Wang Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction(Poultry)of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China center for Blood and Marrow Transplant Research MinneapolisMNUSA. AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding Massey UniversityHamilton 3240New Zealand College of Animal Science and Biotechnology Hunnan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

Background Genomic selection involves choosing as parents those elite individuals with the higher genomic estimated breeding values(GEBV)to accelerate the speed of genetic improvement in domestic animals.But after multi-generation selection,the rate of inbreeding and the occurrence of homozygous harmful alleles might increase,which would reduce performance and genetic diversity.To mitigate the above problems,we can utilize genomic mating(GM)based upon optimal mate allocation to construct the best genotypic combinations in the next generation.In this study,we used stochastic simulation to investigate the impact of various factors on the efficiencies of GM to optimize pairing combinations after genomic selection of candidates in a pig population.These factors included:the algorithm used to derive inbreeding coefficients;the trait heritability(0.1,0.3 or 0.5);the kind of GM scheme(focused average GEBV or inbreeding);the approach for computing the genomic relationship matrix(by SNP or runs of homozygosity(ROH)).The outcomes were compared to three traditional mating schemes(random,positive assortative or negative assortative matings).In addition,the performance of the GM approach was tested on real datasets obtained from a Large White pig breeding population.Results Genomic mating outperforms other approaches in limiting the inbreeding accumulation for the same expected genetic gain.The use of ROH-based genealogical relatedness in GM achieved faster genetic gains than using relatedness based on individual SNPs.The GROH-based GM schemes with the maximum genetic gain resulted in 0.9%-2.6%higher rates of genetic gainΔG,and 13%-83.3%lowerΔF than positive assortative mating regardless of heritability.The rates of inbreeding were always the fastest with positive assortative mating.Results from a purebred Large White pig population,confirmed that GM with ROH-based GRM was more efficient than traditional mating schemes.Conclusion Compared with traditional mating schemes,genomic mating can not only achieve sustainable genetic

关键词： Genetic gain Genomic mating Genomic selection Inbreeding Pig

Screening and identification of HTNV_(pv)entry inhibitors with high-throughput pseudovirus-based chemiluminescence

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第4期37卷 531-537页

作者： Xiaojing Wen Li Zhang Qiang Liu Xinyue Xiao Weijin Huang Youchun Wang Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines Institute for Biological Product ControlNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of BiologicalsBeijing 102629China Department of Microbiological Laboratory Technology School of Public HealthShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Institute for Reference Standards and Standardization National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijing 102629China

Hantaviruses,such as Hantaan virus(HTNV)and Seoul virus,are the causative agents of Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome(HCPS)and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS),and are important zoonotic pathogens.China has the highest incidence of HFRS,which is mainly caused by HTNV and Seoul virus.No approved antiviral drugs are available for these hantaviral diseases.Here,a chemiluminescence-based highthroughput-screening(HTS)assay was developed and used to screen HTNV pseudovirus(HTNVpv)inhibitors in a library of 1813 approved drugs and 556 small-molecule compounds from traditional Chinese medicine sources.We identified six compounds with in vitro anti-HTNVpvactivities in the low-micromolar range(EC50values of0.1–2.2μmol/L;selectivity index of 40–900).Among the six selected compounds,cepharanthine not only showed good anti-HTNVpvactivity in vitro but also inhibited HTNVpv-fluc infection in Balb/c mice 5 h after infection by94%(180 mg/kg/d,Pfusion and entry phases.Overall,we have established a HTS method for antiviral drugs screening,and shown that cepharanthine is a candidate for HCPS and HFRS therapy.These findings may offer a starting point for the treatment of patients infected with hantaviruses.

关键词： Hantaan virus(HTNV) High-throughput screening(HTS) Inhibitor Drug repurposing

Machine learning of frustrated classical spin models （II）： Kernel principal component analysis

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第5期13卷 23-29页

作者： Ce Wang Hui Zhai Institute for Advanced Study Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Collaborative Innovation center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100084 China

In this work, we apply a principal component analysis （PCA） method with a kernel trick to study the classification of phases and phase transitions in classical XY models of frustrated lattices. Compared to our previous work with the linear PCA method, the kernel PCA can capture nonlinear functions. In this case, the Z2 chiral order of the classical spins in these lattices is indeed a nonlinear function of the input spin configurations. In addition to the principal component revealed by the linear PCA, the kernel PCA can find two more principal components using the data generated by Monte Carlo simulation for various temperatures as the input. One of them is related to the strength of the U（1） order parameter, and the other directly manifests the chiral order parameter that characterizes the Z2 symmetry breaking. For a temperature-resolved study, the temperature dependence of the principal eigenvalue associated with the Z2 symmetry breaking clearly shows second-order phase transition behavior.

关键词： machine learning classical XY model kernel PCA frustrated lattice

Experimental quantum simulation of a topologically protected Hadamard gate via braiding Fibonacci anyons

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The Innovation 2023年第5期4卷 41-46页

作者： Yu-ang Fan Yingcheng Li Yuting Hu Yishan Li Xinyue Long Hongfeng Liu Xiaodong Yang Xinfang Nie Jun Li Tao Xin Dawei Lu Yidun Wan Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southem University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Department of PhysicsCenter for Field Theory and Particle Physicsand Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum ComputingFudan UniversityShanghai 200433and Shanghai Qi Zhi InstituteShanghai 200030China School of Physics Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China

Topological quantum computation(TQC)is one of the most striking architectures that can realize fault-tolerant quantum computers.In TQC,the logical space and the quantum gates are topologically protected,i.e.,robust against local disturbances.The topological protection,however,requires complicated lattice models and hard-to-manipulate dynamics;even the simplest system that can realize universal TQC-the Fibonacci anyon system—lacks a physical realization,let alone braiding the non-Abelian anyons.Here,we propose a disk model that can simulate the Fibonacci anyon system and construct the topologically protected logical spaces with the Fibonacci anyons.Via braiding the Fibonacci anyons,we can implement universal quantum gates on the logical space.Our disk model merely requires two physical qubits to realize three Fibonacci anyons at the boundary.By 15 sequential braiding operations,we construct a topologically protected Hadamard gate,which is to date the least-resource requirement for TQC.To showcase,we implement a topological Hadamard gate with two nuclear spin qubits,which reaches 97.18%fidelity by randomized benchmarking.We further prove by experiment that the logical space and Hadamard gate are topologically protected:local disturbances due to thermal fluctuations result in a global phase only.As a platform-independent proposal,our work is a proof of principle of TQC and paves the way toward fault-tolerant quantum computation.

关键词： Fibonacci Hadamard TQC

Organic matter and pH affect the analysis efficiency of (31)P-NMR

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 244-249页

作者： Wenqiang Zhang Xin Jin Nan Rong Jie Li Baoqing Shan State Key Laboratory on Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049 China

Solution ^（31）P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy（ ^（31）P-NMR） is a useful method to analyze organic phosphorus（Po）, but a general procedure for the analysis method is lacking.The authors used solution ^（31）P-NMR, which was found to be an effective method for analysis of Po in Haihe River sediment, to analyze the Po in the surface sediment in Eastern China at the regional scale, and found that the Na OH-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid（EDTA）extraction rate was affected by environmental factors. At the regional scale, the extraction rate showed a positive relationship with loss on ignition, when the extraction rate was lower than 60%. The extraction rate had no relationship with the loss on ignition when the extraction rate was higher than 60%. The extraction rate showed a negative relationship with p H, which means that the extraction rate was higher in acidic sediment and lower in alkaline sediment. The ratio of TC/TN（the ratio of total carbon to total nitrogen） was considered to represent the origin of organic matter in the sediment. The extraction rate was high when the TC/TN ratio was lower than 20, meanwhile the extraction rate decreased as the TC/TN ratio increased. The results show that the origin of organic matter in sediment significantly affects the Na OH-EDTA extraction rate. This study will give theoretical support for building an effective and general solution ^（31）P-NMR analysis method.

关键词： 31P-NMR pH Organic matter Extraction rate Sediment