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Experimental confirmation of the linear relation between plasma current and external vertical magnetic field in EXL-50 spherical torus energetic electron plasmas

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第8期26卷 32-36页

作者：董力立王明远刘文军石跃江董家齐郭栋孙恬恬顾翔宋显明袁保山彭元凯 the ENN Team Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact fusion Langfang 065001People’s Republic of China School of Mathematics and Physics Anqing Normal UniversityAnqing 246133People’s Republic of China ENN Science and Technology development Co.Ltd. Langfang 065001People’s Republic of China

A three-fluid equilibrium plasma with bulk plasma and energetic electrons has been observed on the Xuanlong-50(EXL-50) spherical torus, where the energetic electrons play a crucial role in sustaining the plasma current and pressure. In this study, the equilibrium of a multi-fluid plasma was investigated by analyzing the relationship between the external vertical magnetic field(B_(V)),plasma current(I_(p)), the poloidal ratio(β_(p)) and the Shafranov formula. Remarkably, our research demonstrates some validity of the Shafranov formula in the presence of multi-fluid plasma in EXL-50 spherical torus. This finding holds significant importance for future reactors as it allows for differentiation between alpha particles and background plasma. The study of multi-fluid plasma provides a significant reference value for the equilibrium reconstruction of burning plasma involving alpha particles.

关键词： plasma equilibrium Shafranov formula multi-fluid plasma

Nonlinear dynamics of the reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode in burning plasmas

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第5期26卷 1-16页

作者：王涛魏士朝 Sergio BRIGUGLIO Gregorio VLAD Fulvio ZONCA 仇志勇 Institute for fusion Theory and Simulation and School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Center for Nonlinear Plasma Science ENEA C.R.FrascatiFrascati 00044Italy fusion and Nuclear Safety Department ENEA C.R.FrascatiFrascati 00044Italy

In a tokamak fusion reactor operated at steady state,the equilibrium magnetic field is likely to have reversed shear in the core region,as the noninductive bootstrap current profile generally peaks *** reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode(RSAE)as a unique branch of the shear Alfvén wave in this equilibrium,can exist with a broad spectrum in wavenumber and frequency,and be resonantly driven unstable by energetic particles(EP).After briefly discussing the RSAE linear properties in burning plasma condition,we review several key topics of the nonlinear dynamics for the RSAE through both wave-EP resonance and wave-wave coupling channels,and illustrate their potentially important role in reactor-scale fusion *** means of simplified hybrid MHD-kinetic simulations,the RSAEs are shown to have typically broad phase space resonance structure with both circulating and trapped EP,as results of weak/vanishing magnetic shear and relatively low *** the route of wave-EP nonlinearity,the dominant saturation mechanism is mainly due to the transported resonant EP radially decoupling with the localized RSAE mode structure,and the resultant EP transport generally has a convective *** saturated RSAEs also undergo various nonlinear couplings with other collective *** typical routes as parametric decay and modulational instability are studied using nonlinear gyrokinetic theory,and applied to the scenario of spontaneous excitation by a finite amplitude pump *** RSAEs could naturally couple and induce the spectral energy cascade into a low frequency Alfvénic mode,which may effectively transfer the EP energy to fuel ions via collisionless Landau ***,zero frequency zonal field structure could be spontaneously excited by modulation of the pump RSAE envelope,and may also lead to saturation of the pump RSAE by both scattering into stable domain and local distortion of the continuum structure.

关键词： reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode energetic particle nonlinear gyrokinetic theory saturation burning plasma

Configuration and Kinematics of a 3-DOF Generalized Spherical Parallel Mechanism for Ankle Rehabilitation

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第1期37卷 176-188页

作者： Jianjun Zhang Shuai Yang Chenglei Liu Xiaohui Wang Shijie Guo School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Key Laboratory of Robot Perception and Human-Machine fusion Tianjin 300401China

The kinematic equivalent model of an existing ankle-rehabilitation robot is inconsistent with the anatomical structure of the human ankle,which influences the rehabilitation ***,this study equates the human ankle to the UR model and proposes a novel three degrees of freedom(3-DOF)generalized spherical parallel mechanism for ankle *** parallel mechanism has two spherical centers corresponding to the rotation centers of tibiotalar and subtalar *** screw theory,the mobility of the parallel mechanism,which meets the requirements of the human ankle,is *** inverse kinematics are presented,and singularities are identified based on the Jacobian *** workspaces of the parallel mechanism are obtained through the search method and compared with the motion range of the human ankle,which shows that the parallel mechanism can meet the motion demand of ankle ***,based on the motion-force transmissibility,the performance atlases are plotted in the parameter optimal design space,and the optimum parameter is obtained according to the demands of practical *** results show that the parallel mechanism can meet the motion requirements of ankle rehabilitation and has excellent kinematic performance in its rehabilitation range,which provides a theoretical basis for the prototype design and experimental verification.

关键词： Ankle rehabilitation Parallel mechanism Kinematic analysis Parameter optimization

Experimental study of core MHD behavior and a novel algorithm for rational surface detection based on profile reflectometry in EAST

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第3期26卷 66-75页

作者：叶凯萱周振张涛马九阳王嵎民李恭顺耿康宁吴茗甫文斐黄佳张洋邵林明杨书琪钟富彬高善露喻琳周子强向皓明韩翔张寿彪李国强高翔 the EAST Team Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People's Republic of China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People's Republic of China Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact fusion Langfang 065001Peoples Republic of China ENN Science and Technology development Co. Ltd.Langfang 065001Peoples Republic of China Advanced Energy research Center Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People's Republic of China

Microwave reflectometry is a powerful diagnostic that can measure the density profile and localized turbulence with high spatial and temporal resolution and will be used in ITER,so understanding the influence of plasma perturbations on the reflect signal is *** characteristics of the reflect signal from profile reflectometry,the time-of-flight(TOF)signal associated with the MHD instabilities,are investigated in *** a 1D full-wave simulation code by the Finite-DifferenceTime-Domain(FDTD)method,it is well validated that the local density flattening could induce the discontinuity of the simulated TOF signal and an obvious change of reflect *** TOF signals under different types of MHD instabilities(sawtooth,sawtooth precursors and tearing mode)are studied in detail and show agreement with the *** new improved algorithms for detecting and localizing the radial positions of the low-order rational surface,the cross-correlation and gradient threshold(CGT)method and the 2D convolutional neural network approach(CNN)are presented for the first *** is concluded that TOF signal analysis from profile reflectometry can provide a straightforward and localized measurement of the plasma perturbation from the edge to the core simultaneously and may be a complement or correction to the q-profile control,which will be beneficial for the advanced tokamak operation.

关键词： MHD instabilities profile reflectometry rational surface detection convolutional neural network(CNN) EAST tokamak

development of a toroidal soft x-ray imaging system and application for investigating three-dimensional plasma on J-TEXT

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第3期26卷 94-99页

作者：赵传旭李建超张晓卿王能超丁永华杨州军江中和严伟李杨波毛飞越任正康 the J-TEXT Team International Joint research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and School of PhysicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205People's Republic of China International Joint research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China

A toroidal soft x-ray imaging(T-SXRI)system has been developed to investigate threedimensional(3D)plasma physics on *** T-SXRI system consists of three sets of SXR *** sets are newly developed and located on the vacuum chamber wall at toroidal positionsφof 126.4°and 272.6°,respectively,while one set was established previously atφ=*** set of SXR arrays consists of three arrays viewing the plasma poloidally,and hence can be used separately to obtain SXR images via the tomographic *** sawtooth precursor oscillations are measured by T-SXRI,and the corresponding images of perturbative SXR signals are successfully reconstructed at these three toroidal positions,hence providing measurement of the 3D structure of precursor *** observed 3D structure is consistent with the helical structure of the m/n=1/1 *** experimental observation confirms that the T-SXRI system is able to observe 3D structures in the J-TEXT plasma.

关键词： SXR imaging J-TEXT tokamak three-dimensional measurement MHD

Visible-frequency nonvolatile reconfigurable Janus metasurfaces for dual-wavelength-switched and spin-asymmetric holograms

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Photonics research 2024年第2期12卷 356-368页

作者： HUAN YUAN ZHEQIANG ZHONG BIN ZHANG College of Electronics and Information Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Big Data Analysis and fusion Application Technology Engineering Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610065China

Janus metasurface holography with asymmetric transmission characteristics provides new degrees of freedom for multiplexing ***,earlier metasurfaces with asymmetrical transmission faced limitations in terms of tunability and *** this study,we propose a metasurface color holographic encryption scheme with dynamic switching and asymmetric transmission at visible frequencies using a low-loss nonvolatile optical phase-change material,Sb_(2)S_(3).Using a modified holographic optimization strategy,we achieved highfidelity asymmetric holographic imaging of a nanostructured *** controlling the incident direction and wavelength of visible light,as well as the level of crystallization of Sb_(2)S_(3),this reconfigurable metasurface enables the precise manipulation of tunable color holographic image *** particular,in the semi-crystalline state of Sb_(2)S_(3),the encoded information can be securely encrypted using a two-channel color-holographic image,whereas only a preset camouflaged image is displayed in the crystalline or amorphous state of Sb_(2)S_(3).The proposed multiencrypted Janus metasurface provides a potential approach for dynamic holographic displays with ultrahigh capacity,holographic encryption,and information storage.

关键词： holographic asymmetric visible

Understanding the correlation between energy-state mismatching and open-circuit voltage loss in bulk heterojunction solar cells

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 164-174页

作者： Hyun-Seock Yang Danbi Kim Chang-Mok Oh Vellaiappillai Tamilavan Pesi MHangoma Hojun Yi Bo RLee Insoo Shin In-Wook Hwang Sung Heum Park Pukyong National University BusanRepublic of Korea Clarendon Laboratory University of OxfordOxfordUK Institute of Energy Transport and fusion research Pukyong National UniversityBusanRepublic of Korea Advanced Photonics research Institute Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangjuRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityBrooklynNew YorkUSA

Photoinduced intermolecular charge transfer(PICT)determines the voltage loss in bulk heterojunction(BHJ)organic photovoltaics(OPVs),and this voltage loss can be minimized by inducing efficient PICT,which requires energy-state matching between the donor and acceptor at the BHJ ***,both geometrically and energetically accessible delocalized state matching at the hot energy level is crucial for achieving efficient *** this study,an effective method for quantifying the hot state matching of OPVs was *** degree of energy-state matching between the electron donor and acceptor at BHJ interfaces was quantified using a mismatching factor(MF)calculated from the modified optical density of the ***,the correlation between the open-circuit voltage(Voc)of the OPV device and energy-state matching at the BHJ interface was investigated using the calculated *** OPVs with small absolute MF values exhibited high Voc *** result clearly indicates that the energy-state matching between the donor and acceptor is crucial for achieving a high Voc in *** the MF indicates the degree of energy-state matching,which is a critical factor for suppressing energy loss,it can be used to estimate the Voc loss in OPVs.

关键词： bulk heterojunction open circuit voltage organic photovoltaics photoinduced charge transfer voltage loss

Wind Turbine Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Based on Multi-sensor Signals fusion

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第4期9卷 96-109页

作者： Yao Zhao Ziyu Song Dongdong Li Rongrong Qian Shunfu Lin the College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China IEEE the Design research and development Center AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200241China

This paper proposes a novel fault diagnosis method by fusing the information from multi-sensor signals to improve the reliability of the conventional vibration-based wind turbine drivetrain gearbox fault diagnosis *** method fully extracts fault features for variable speed,insufficient samples,and strong noise scenarios that may occur in the actual operation of a wind turbine planetary ***,multiple sensor signals are added to the diagnostic model,and multiple stacked denoising auto-encoders are designed and improved to extract the fault ***,a cycle reservoir with regular jumps is introduced to fuse multidimensional fault information and output diagnostic results in response to the insufficient ability to process fused information by the conventional Softmax *** addition,the competitive swarm optimizer algorithm is introduced to address the challenge of obtaining the optimal combination of parameters in the ***,the validation results show that the proposed method can increase fault diagnostic accuracy and improve robustness.

关键词： Wind turbine gearbox fault diagnosis multiple scenarios deep learning stacked denoising au-to-encoder cycle reservoir with regular jumps feature fusion network

World's Energy Transition and Chinese-style Modern Energy Revolution under Carbon Neutrality(Ⅰ)

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China Oil & Gas 2024年第2期31卷 3-13页

作者： Zou Caineng Xiong Bo Li Shixiang Ma Feng Pan Songqi Liu Hanlin Zhang Guosheng Zhao Qun Guan Chunxiao PetroChina Shenzhen New Energy research Institute research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&development

Under global consensus on carbon neutrality and the intensification of regional conflicts,new energy has become the primary direction for various countries to achieve energy security and green *** by wind,solar,geothermal,hydrogen and stored energy,and controllable nuclear fusion,the technological and scale advantages of new energy are being continuously ***-cost wind,solar,and stored energy will support the global energy *** production and utilization of new energy enter a rapid development *** 2022,the average global consumption of new energy accounted for 18.2%,and it is expected to reach around 55%by *** distribution of the world's energy resources,consumption regions,technological development,per capita consumption,energy-saving fields,and carbon emissions is *** acceleration of low-carbon development in fossil fuels,the scale-up of renewable energy,and the intelligentization of energy management drives the rapid transition of global energy.

关键词： Transition strengthened acceleration